用戶:O-ring/沙盒/世界領導人列表

各國相關

這是2024年世界各國領導人列表。In some cases, mainly in presidential systems, one leader is head of state and head of government. In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by the listed head of government and the head of state.

本列表列舉了當今世界各國的現任領導人，包括國家元首、政府首腦和最高領導人。應注意的是，這種職務劃分的主要依據議會民主制國家的權力分配習慣。而對於總統制、半總統制或採用其他政體的國家而言，此劃分可能並不十分準確。比如總統制國家的總統本身兼任政府首腦（不設總理）。半總統制的國家設總統及總理，總統為國家元首並處理國防、外交、國家安全等行政權，總理為政府首腦並處理總統職權外的行政權，但實際上總統掌握全部的行政權。一黨執政下的社會主義國家的執政黨領導人（總書記或第一書記）一般為黨和國家最高領導人。而有些國家的實際最高領導人並不享有該國國家元首或政府首腦的法定頭銜。

In one-party states, the ruling party's leader (i.e. General Secretary) is usually the de facto top leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds the presidency or premiership. In some countries like Andorra and Vatican City (Holy See), a clergy member also acts as the head of state for both countries (Bishop of Urgell as Co-Prince of Andorra and the Pope) and head of government for the latter (President of the Governorate of Vatican City State).

The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads of state and government who will take office on an appointed date, as presidents-elect and prime ministers-designate（英語：Prime minister-designate）, and those leading a government in exile if internationally recognised.