嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒
嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒
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病毒分類 
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| （未分級）： | 病毒 Virus |
| 域： | 核糖病毒域 Riboviria |
| 界： | 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae |
| 門： | 小核糖病毒門 Pisuviricota |
| 綱： | 小南嵌套病毒綱 Pisoniviricetes |
| 目： | 套式病毒目 Nidovirales |
| 科： | 冠狀病毒科 Coronaviridae |
| 屬： | 乙型冠狀病毒屬 Betacoronavirus |
| 亞屬： | SARS乙型冠狀病毒亞屬 Sarbecovirus |
| 種： | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-related coronavirus |
| 病毒株 | |
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| 「SARS-CoV」的各地常用譯名 | |
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| 中國大陸 | 嚴重急性呼吸窘迫綜合徵相關病毒[1] |
| 臺灣 | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群相關冠狀病毒 |
| 港澳 | 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 |
嚴重急性呼吸窘迫綜合症相關病毒（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus），簡稱SARS相關冠狀病毒（SARSr-CoV），是冠狀病毒科乙型冠狀病毒屬的一個種。[2]該種病毒現有2個可傳染人的分型[3]。
分型
- 第一個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症冠狀病毒1型（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1，簡稱SARS-CoV-1）[3]，發現於2003年，引發了嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症的疫情，有可能是通過菊頭蝠傳播到人類的[4]。
- 第二個分型稱為嚴重急性呼吸綜合症冠狀病毒2型（英語：Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，簡稱SARS-CoV-2），發現於2019年，引發了2019冠狀病毒病的疫情[3]，有研究認為，該病毒類型可能是通過馬來穿山甲傳播給人類的[5][6]。截至2021年6月，病毒溯源工作仍在進行[7]。統計至2021年2月4日為止，病例數約為SARS-CoV的12800倍，病逝人數約為2900倍。
- 關係圖
| 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 SARSr-CoV | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症冠狀病毒1型 SARS-CoV-1 | 嚴重急性呼吸綜合症冠狀病毒2型 SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
演化樹
截至2021年1月[update]，SARS-CoV與相關病毒株的系統發生樹：
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SARS-CoV-2 79 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
果子狸病毒
人類病毒
SARS-CoV-2與相關病毒株的系統發生樹[15][16] :
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SARS-CoV 79% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
蝙蝠病毒
穿山甲病毒
人類病毒
參考文獻
引用
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- ^ Thiel V (editor). Coronaviruses: Molecular and Cellular Biology 1st. Caister Academic Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-904455-16-5.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Gorbalenya, Alexander E.; Baker, Susan C.; Baric, Ralph S.; de Groot, Raoul J.; Drosten, Christian; Gulyaeva, Anastasia A.; Haagmans, Bart L.; Lauber, Chris; Leontovich, Andrey M. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus : classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nature Microbiology. 2020-04, 5 (4): 536–544 [2020-03-03]. ISSN 2058-5276. doi:10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-05） （英語）.
- ^ Hu, Ben; Zeng, Lei-Ping; Yang, Xing-Lou; Ge, Xing-Yi; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Xie, Jia-Zheng; Shen, Xu-Rui; Zhang, Yun-Zhi. Drosten, Christian , 編. Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus. PLOS Pathogens. 2017-11-30, 13 (11): e1006698 [2021-04-07]. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 5708621
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- ^ Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk; Shum, Marcus Ho-Hin; Zhu, Hua-Chen; Tong, Yi-Gang; Ni, Xue-Bing; Liao, Yun-Shi; Wei, Wei; Cheung, William Yiu-Man; Li, Wen-Juan. Identification of 2019-nCoV related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins in southern China. bioRxiv. 2020-02-18: 2020.02.13.945485 [2020-02-20]. doi:10.1101/2020.02.13.945485. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-16） （英語）.
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- ^ He, Biao; Zhang, Yuzhen; Xu, Lin; Yang, Weihong; Yang, Fanli; Feng, Yun; Xia, Lele; Zhou, Jihua; Zhen, Weibin; Feng, Ye; Guo, Huancheng. Perlman, S. , 編. Identification of Diverse Alphacoronaviruses and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronavirus from Bats in China. Journal of Virology. 2014-06-15, 88 (12). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4054348 . PMID 24719429. doi:10.1128/JVI.00631-14 （英語）.
- ^ 12.0 12.1 Lau, Susanna K. P.; Feng, Yun; Chen, Honglin; Luk, Hayes K. H.; Yang, Wei-Hong; Li, Kenneth S. M.; Zhang, Yu-Zhen; Huang, Yi; Song, Zhi-Zhong; Chow, Wang-Ngai; Fan, Rachel Y. Y. Perlman, S. , 編. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS-Related Coronavirus from Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination. Journal of Virology. 2015-10-15, 89 (20). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4580176 . PMID 26269185. doi:10.1128/JVI.01048-15 （英語）.
- ^ 13.0 13.1 Ge, Xing-Yi; Li, Jia-Lu; Yang, Xing-Lou; Chmura, Aleksei A.; Zhu, Guangjian; Epstein, Jonathan H.; Mazet, Jonna K.; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Peng, Cheng; Zhang, Yu-Ji. Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor. Nature. 2013-11, 503 (7477). Bibcode:2013Natur.503..535G. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 5389864 . PMID 24172901. doi:10.1038/nature12711 （英語）.
- ^ Yang, Xing-Lou; Hu, Ben; Wang, Bo; Wang, Mei-Niang; Zhang, Qian; Zhang, Wei; Wu, Li-Jun; Ge, Xing-Yi; Zhang, Yun-Zhi; Daszak, Peter; Wang, Lin-Fa. Perlman, S. , 編. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the Direct Progenitor of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Journal of Virology. 2016-03-15, 90 (6). ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 4810638 . PMID 26719272. doi:10.1128/JVI.02582-15 （英語）.
- ^ 15.0 15.1 Wacharapluesadee S, Tan CW, Maneeorn P, Duengkae P, Zhu F, Joyjinda Y, et al. Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses circulating in bats and pangolins in Southeast Asia. Nature Communications. February 2021, 12 (1): 972. PMC 7873279 . PMID 33563978. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21240-1 .
- ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Hul V, Delaune D, Karlsson EA, Hassanin A, Tey PO, Baidaliuk A, et al. A novel SARS-CoV-2 related coronavirus in bats from Cambodia. bioRxiv: 2021.01.26.428212. 26 January 2021. doi:10.1101/2021.01.26.428212 （英語）.
- ^ Murakami, Shin; Kitamura, Tomoya; Suzuki, Jin; Sato, Ryouta; Aoi, Toshiki; Fujii, Marina; Matsugo, Hiromichi; Kamiki, Haruhiko; Ishida, Hiroho; Takenaka-Uema, Akiko; Shimojima, Masayuki; Horimoto, Taisuke. Detection and Characterization of Bat Sarbecovirus Phylogenetically Related to SARS-CoV-2, Japan. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020, 26 (12): 3025–3029. ISSN 1080-6040. doi:10.3201/eid2612.203386.
- ^ 18.0 18.1 Hu, Dan; Zhu, Changqiang; Ai, Lele; He, Ting; Wang, Yi; Ye, Fuqiang; Yang, Lu; Ding, Chenxi; Zhu, Xuhui; Lv, Ruicheng; Zhu, Jin; Hassan, Bachar; Feng, Youjun; Tan, Weilong; Wang, Changjun. Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats. Emerging Microbes & Infections. 2018, 7 (1): 1–10. ISSN 2222-1751. doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0155-5.
- ^ Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk; et al. Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins. Nature. 2020, 583 (7815): 282–285. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2169-0.
- ^ Xiao, Kangpeng; Zhai, Junqiong; Feng, Yaoyu; Zhou, Niu; Zhang, Xu; Zou, Jie-Jian; Li, Na; Guo, Yaqiong; Li, Xiaobing; Shen, Xuejuan; Zhang, Zhipeng; Shu, Fanfan; Huang, Wanyi; Li, Yu; Zhang, Ziding; Chen, Rui-Ai; Wu, Ya-Jiang; Peng, Shi-Ming; Huang, Mian; Xie, Wei-Jun; Cai, Qin-Hui; Hou, Fang-Hui; Chen, Wu; Xiao, Lihua; Shen, Yongyi. Isolation of SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus from Malayan pangolins. Nature. 2020-07-09, 583 (7815): 286–289. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2313-x.
- ^ Zhou, Hong; Chen, Xing; Hu, Tao; Li, Juan; Song, Hao; Liu, Yanran; Wang, Peihan; Liu, Di; Yang, Jing; Holmes, Edward C.; Hughes, Alice C.; Bi, Yuhai; Shi, Weifeng. A Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to SARS-CoV-2 Contains Natural Insertions at the S1/S2 Cleavage Site of the Spike Protein. Current Biology. 2020, 30 (11): 2196–2203.e3. ISSN 0960-9822. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.023.
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來源
- Peiris, Jsm; Lai, St; Poon, Llm; Guan, Y; Yam, Lyc; Lim, W; Nicholls, J; Yee, Wks; Yan, Ww. Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. The Lancet. 2003-04, 361 (9366): 1319–1325 [2021-04-07]. PMC 7112372 . PMID 12711465. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13077-2. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-25） （英語）.
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- Snijder, Eric J.; Bredenbeek, Peter J.; Dobbe, Jessika C.; Thiel, Volker; Ziebuhr, John; Poon, Leo L.M.; Guan, Yi; Rozanov, Mikhail; Spaan, Willy J.M. Unique and Conserved Features of Genome and Proteome of SARS-coronavirus, an Early Split-off From the Coronavirus Group 2 Lineage. Journal of Molecular Biology. 2003-08, 331 (5): 991–1004 [2021-04-07]. PMC 7159028 . PMID 12927536. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00865-9. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-19） （英語）.
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- Thiel V (編). Coronaviruses: Molecular and Cellular Biology 1st. Caister Academic Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-904455-16-5.
- Enjuanes L, et al. Coronavirus Replication and Interaction with Host. Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology. Caister Academic Press. 2008. ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6.
外部連結
- WHO press release identifying and naming the SARS virus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- The SARS virus genetic map
- Science special on the SARS virus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (free content: no registration required)
- McGill University SARS Resources. [2015-06-15]. （原始內容存檔於2005-03-01）.
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SARS home
- World Health Organization on alert（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- SARS coronavirus. NCBI Taxonomy Browser. [2020-02-14]. 227859. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-14）.
- Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus（頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
參見
.svg){kind=small}
嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症相關冠狀病毒 SARSr-CoV（Sarbevirus） | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| SARSr-CoV |
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