世界城市地區人口排序列表
此條目需要更新。 (2021年11月21日) |
全球城市人口排名表 |
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這是按人口排名的世界連續城市區域的列表。數據來自兩個來源:Demographia的「World Urban Areas」研究[1],以及citypopulation.de,由應用攝影測量與地理信息學研究所(Institut für Angewandte Photogrammetrie und Geoinformatik)的Thomas Brinkhoff創建。[2]
定義和問題
Demographia將城市區域(集聚的城市化區域或市中心)定義為在同一勞動力市場(即大都會區)內連續的城市地塊,而不考慮行政邊界(即市政,城市或公社)。除澳大利亞外,當局使用的最低城市密度定義為每平方公里400人(或美國幾乎相同的每平方英里1000人)。Demographia使用地圖和衛星照片來估算持續的城市化。Demographia還使用小面積人口數據(如果有的話)將人口估計值與城市化土地面積相匹配。國家人口普查局的數據在澳大利亞、加拿大、法國、挪威、瑞典、英國和美國有提供。在某些情況下不使用印度的城市群的普查數據,因為其組成單位(市)的地理規模通常包括大面積的農村(非城市)地區。
人口估計和土地面積定義的來源分別按下表中的字母編碼。
- A:根據國家人口普查機構統計的數據(面積或人口);
- B:根據地圖或衛星照片估計的面積數據;
- C:根據下級行政轄區估計的人口數據,例如農村人口的減少;
- D:根據聯合國城市化估計的城市群人口數據;
- E:根據國家權威統計的人口數據估計的城市群人口數據;
- F:其他方法估計的人口數據,例如當地的非官方報告;
- L:當地官方估計的人口數據;
- N:使用人口普查權威數據合算的城區面積。
- W:根據世界銀行Urban Area 2015 estimate的人口估計值。
除非相鄰國家之間可自由流動(包括勞動力),否則城市地區僅限於一個國家。目前,該條件僅在歐盟的一些大陸國家和瑞士之間得到滿足(例如法國和比利時的里爾-科特賴克、德國和荷蘭的亞琛-瓦爾斯、德國和法國的薩爾布呂肯-福爾巴克、瑞士和法國的日內瓦 -安納馬斯,以及瑞士、德國和法國的巴塞爾-羅拉赫-聖路易)。因此,美國和加拿大的底特律-溫莎以及美國和墨西哥的聖迭戈-蒂華納都不被視為單一的城市地區。此外,深圳和香港被視為獨立的城市地區,主要是因為兩者之間的勞工流動是受限的,前者是中華人民共和國的廣東省內的一個城市,後者是中華人民共和國的特別行政區。
都會區人口前百大城市
城市地區 | 人口統計[1] | 排名/備註[2] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 排名 |
2013 排名[3] |
城市 | 國家/地區 | 人口 | 面積 (km2)[1] |
密度 (/km2)[1] |
人口 / 面積 數據來源[1] |
排名 | 人口 | 備註 |
1 | 1 | 東京–橫濱(首都圈)[4] | 日本 | 38,050,000 | 8,547 | 4,500 | C / B | 2 | 39,800,000 | 含千葉市、川崎市、前橋市、相模原市、埼玉市、宇都宮市、橫濱市 |
2 | 2 | 雅加達[5] | 印度尼西亞 | 32,275,000 | 3,302 | 9,800 | C / B | 4 | 28,900,000 | 當地稱Jabodetabek,含勿加泗、茂物、德波、丹格朗、南丹格朗 |
3 | 4 | 德里(國家首都轄區)[6] | 印度 | 27,280,000 | 2,202 | 12,400 | A / B | 5 | 27,200,000 | 含法里達巴德、加濟阿巴德、古爾岡、諾伊達 |
4 | 6 | 馬尼拉(馬尼拉大都會)[7] | 菲律賓 | 24,650,000 | 1,787 | 13,600 | C / B | 8 | 24,100,000 | 含加洛坎市、奎松市 |
5 | 3 | 首爾-仁川(首都圈)[8] | 南韓 | 24,210,000 | 2,745 | 8,800 | C / B | 7 | 24,800,000 | 含 富川市、高陽市、仁川市、城南市、水原市 |
6 | 5 | 上海[9] | 中國大陸 | 24,115,000 | 4,015 | 6,000 | L / B | 3 | 31,100,000 | 含蘇州 |
7 | 13 | 孟買[10] | 印度 | 23,265,000 | 881 | 26,400 | C / B | 9 | 23,600,000 | 含孟買、新孟買、Bhiwandi-Nizampur Municipal Corporation、Kalyan-Dombivali、塔那、烏爾哈斯訥格爾、瓦塞維拉爾 |
8 | 8 | 紐約[11] | 美國 | 21,575,000 | 11,875 | 1,700 | N / A | 11 | 22,200,000 | 含布里奇波特、紐華克、紐黑文 |
9 | 11 | 北京[12] | 中國大陸 | 21,250,000 | 4,144 | 5,100 | L / B | 13 | 20,700,000 | |
10 | 9 | 聖保羅[13] | 巴西 | 21,100,000 | 3,043 | 6,900 | C / B | 12 | 21,900,000 | 含Guarulhos |
11 | 10 | 墨西哥城[14] | 墨西哥 | 20,565,000 | 2,370 | 8,700 | C / B | 10 | 22,300,000 | 含Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl, Ecatepec, Naucalpan |
12 | 12 | 廣州–佛山(廣佛)[15] | 中國大陸 | 19,864,000 | 3,820 | 5,200 | L / B | 1 | 48,600,000 | 北珠江三角洲地區;含東莞市、佛山市, 江門市, 深圳市, 中山市;不含香港 |
13 | 21 | 達卡[16] | 孟加拉 | 17,425,000 | 368 | 47,400 | C / B | 14 | 17,900,000 | |
14 | 14 | 大阪–神戶–京都(京阪神)[17] | 日本 | 17,165,000 | 3,238 | 5,300 | C / B | 15 | 17,800,000 | 含姬路市、神戶市、京都市、堺市 |
15 | 15 | 莫斯科[18] | 俄羅斯 | 16,855,000 | 5,698 | 3,000 | C / B | 19 | 17,100,000 | |
16 | 16 | 大開羅 | 埃及 | 16,545,000 | 1,917 | 8,600 | C / B | 19 | 17,100,000 | 含Al-Jizah, Hulwan, Shubra al-Khaymah |
17 | 20 | 曼谷 | 泰國 | 15,975,000 | 3,043 | 5,200 | C / B | 18 | 17,400,000 | |
18 | 17 | 洛杉磯[19] | 美國 | 15,620,000 | 6,299 | 2,300 | N / A | 16 | 17,700,000 | 含Anaheim, Riverside |
19 | 22 | 布宜諾斯艾利斯[20] | 阿根廷 | 15,520,000 | 3,212 | 4,800 | C / B | 22 | 16,000,000 | 含聖胡斯托、拉普拉塔 |
20 | 19 | 加爾各答 | 印度 | 15,095,000 | 1,347 | 11,200 | A / B | 21 | 16,200,000 | 含豪拉 |
21 | 23 | 伊斯坦布爾 | 土耳其 | 13,995,000 | 1,360 | 10,300 | C / B | 23 | 14,600,000 | |
22 | 22 | 德黑蘭[21] | 伊朗 | 13,945,000 | 1,748 | 8,000 | C / B | 25 | 14,000,000 | 含卡拉季 |
23 | 15 | 拉各斯 | 奈及利亞 | 13,910,000 | 1,502 | 9,300 | W / B | 17 | 17,600,000 | |
24 | 32 | 天津[22] | 中國大陸 | 13,655,000 | 2,771 | 4,900 | L / B | 28 | 11,800,000 | |
25 | 7 | 卡拉奇[23] | 巴基斯坦 | 13,255,000 | 1,036 | 12,800 | C / B | 6 | 25,100,000 | Based on population estimates before completion of 2017 Census. |
26 | 24 | 深圳[15] | 中國大陸 | 12,905,000 | 1,748 | 7,400 | L / B | (已包含於廣州) | ||
27 | 31 | 金沙薩[24] | 剛果民主共和國 | 12,350,000 | 583 | 21,200 | C / B | 30 | 10,900,000 | |
28 | 26 | 里約熱內盧 | 巴西 | 11,990,000 | 1,917 | 6,300 | C / B | 27 | 12,700,000 | 含新伊瓜蘇、聖貢薩洛 |
29 | 39 | 成都 | 中國大陸 | 11,430,000 | 1,761 | 6,500 | L / B | 38 | 9,750,000 | 含雙流區 |
30 | 30 | 利馬 | 秘魯 | 11,355,000 | 894 | 12,700 | C / B | 35 | 10,100,000 | |
31 | 42 | 拉合爾 | 巴基斯坦 | 11,070,000 | 896 | 12,400 | C / B | 32 | 10,500,000 | |
32 | 27 | 巴黎 | 法國 | 10,980,000 | 2,845 | 3,700 | A / A | 29 | 11,300,000 | |
33 | 33 | 班加羅爾 | 印度 | 10,920,000 | 1,166 | 9,400 | A / B | 31 | 10,800,000 | |
34 | 37 | 胡志明市(西貢) | 越南 | 10,690,000 | 1,580 | 6,800 | C / B | 44 | 8,300,000 | 含邊和市 |
35 | 29 | 倫敦[25] | 英國 | 10,585,000 | 1,738 | 5,600 | A / A | 24 | 14,500,000 | |
36 | 35 | 金奈 | 印度 | 10,555,000 | 1,049 | 10,100 | A / B | 34 | 10,300,000 | |
37 | 28 | 名古屋(中京圈)[26] | 日本 | 10,105,000 | 3,885 | 2,600 | C / B | 32 | 10,500,000 | |
38 | 36 | 波哥大 | 哥倫比亞 | 9,965,000 | 562 | 17,700 | C / B | 39 | 9,500,000 | |
39 | 41 | 海得拉巴 | 印度 | 9,595,000 | 1,230 | 7,800 | A / B | 40 | 9,200,000 | |
40 | 34 | 芝加哥[27] | 美國 | 9,160,000 | 6,856 | 1,300 | N / A | 37 | 9,800,000 | |
41 | 43 | 約翰尼斯堡–東蘭德[28] | 南非 | 9,115,000 | 2,590 | 3,500 | C / B | 26 | 13,100,000 | 含東蘭德、伊瓦頓、比勒陀利亞、Soshanguve、索韋托、弗里尼欣、西蘭德 |
42 | 48 | 重慶[29] | 中國大陸 | 8,875,000 | 6,000 | 1,479 | L / B | 54 | 7,200,000 | |
43 | 40 | 臺北都會區[30] | 臺灣 | 8,605,000 | 1,140 | 7,600 | C / B | 41 | 9,050,000 | 含新北市、基隆市、桃園市 |
44 | 38 | 東莞[15] | 中國大陸 | 8,340,000 | 1,619 | 5,200 | L / B | (已包含於廣州) | ||
45 | 169 | 河內 | 越南 | 8,140,000 | 868 | 9,400 | C / B | 139 | 3,450,000 | |
46 | 60 | 瀋陽[31] | 中國大陸 | 8,095,000 | 1,502 | 5,400 | C / B | 47 | 7,800,000 | 含撫順市 |
47 | 44 | 武漢 | 中國大陸 | 7,980,000 | 1,528 | 5,200 | L / B | 46 | 8,100,000 | |
48 | 47 | 艾哈邁達巴德 | 印度 | 7,880,000 | 350 | 22,500 | A / B | 49 | 7,650,000 | |
49 | 529 | 奧尼沙 | 奈及利亞 | 7,850,000 | 1,965 | 4,000 | W / B | 495 | 1,100,000 | |
50 | 49 | 吉隆坡(巴生谷)[32] | 馬來西亞 | 7,820,000 | 2,163 | 3,600 | C / B | 62 | 6,800,000 | 含巴生市 |
51 | 64 | 羅安達 | 安哥拉 | 7,560,000 | 894 | 7,700 | C / B | 51 | 7,450,000 | |
52 | 46 | 香港[15] | 香港 | 7,380,000 | 285 | 25,900 | C / B | 53 | 7,300,000 | 包含香港特別行政區全域 |
53 | 83 | 波士頓[33] | 美國 | 7,315,000 | 9,189 | 800 | N / A | 50 | 7,550,000 | 含普羅維登斯 |
54 | 51 | 巴格達 | 伊拉克 | 7,135,000 | 673 | 10,600 | D / B | 58 | 7,000,000 | |
55 | 50 | 杭州[9] | 中國大陸 | 7,100,000 | 1,269 | 6,000 | L / B | 42 | 8,450,000 | 含紹興 |
56 | 89 | 鄭州–滎陽 | 中國大陸 | 7,005,000 | 1,295 | 4,400 | L / B | 89 | 4,800,000 | |
57 | 57 | 泉州[34] | 中國大陸 | 6,720,000 | 1,645 | 4,300 | L / B | (已包含於廈門) | ||
58 | 45 | 埃森–杜塞爾多夫(魯爾區)[35] | 德國 | 6,665,000 | 2,655 | 2,500 | C / B | 72 | 5,700,000 | |
59 | 52 | 多倫多–哈密爾頓 | 加拿大 | 6,635,000 | 2,287 | 2,900 | N / A | 54 | 7,200,000 | 含Hamilton |
60 | 55 | 達拉斯–沃思堡[36] | 美國 | 6,600,000 | 5,175 | 1,100 | N / A | 63 | 6,750,000 | 含Fort Worth |
61 | 56 | 舊金山灣區 | 美國 | 6,540,000 | 2,797 | 2,100 | N / A | 48 | 7,700,000 | 含Concord, Oakland, San Jose, Santa Rosa |
62 | 59 | 南京[9] | 中國大陸 | 6,525,000 | 1,489 | 4,400 | L / B | 57 | 7,050,000 | |
63 | 54 | 馬德里 | 西班牙 | 6,385,000 | 1,360 | 4,700 | C / B | 65 | 6,250,000 | |
64 | 53 | 聖地亞哥[37] | 智利 | 6,350,000 | 1,140 | 5,600 | C / B | 56 | 7,150,000 | |
65 | 63 | 休斯頓[38] | 美國 | 6,285,000 | 4,841 | 1,100 | N / A | 64 | 6,350,000 | |
66 | 69 | 利雅得 | 沙烏地阿拉伯 | 6,220,000 | 1,658 | 3,800 | C / B | 60 | 6,900,000 | |
67 | 73 | 蘇拉特 | 印度 | 6,200,000 | 233 | 26,600 | A / B | 70 | 5,900,000 | |
68 | 58 | 邁阿密[39] | 美國 | 6,195,000 | 3,209 | 1,700 | A / A | 67 | 6,200,000 | 含Fort Lauderdale, West Palm Beach |
69 | 86 | 蘇州[9] | 中國大陸 | 6,175,000 | 1,360 | 4,500 | C / B | (已包含於上海) | ||
70 | 67 | 普納 | 印度 | 6,110,000 | 583 | 10,500 | A / B | 65 | 6,250,000 | 含Pimpri-Chinchwad |
71 | 74 | 萬隆 | 印度尼西亞 | 5,945,000 | 557 | 10,700 | C / B | 68 | 6,050,000 | |
72 | 66 | 新加坡[40] | 新加坡 | 5,930,000 | 518 | 11,400 | A / B | 59 | 6,950,000 | 含新山市(馬來西亞) |
72 | 85 | 青島–即墨 | 中國大陸 | 5,930,000 | 1,632 | 3,600 | L / B | 71 | 5,850,000 | |
74 | 65 | 西安–咸陽 | 中國大陸 | 5,905,000 | 1,088 | 5,400 | L / B | 61 | 6,850,000 | 含咸陽市 |
75 | 84 | 內羅畢 | 肯亞 | 5,765,000 | 829 | 7,000 | C / B | 78 | 5,350,000 | |
76 | 62 | 費城[11] | 美國 | 5,575,000 | 5,131 | 1,100 | A / A | 52 | 7,350,000 | 含Allentown, Trenton |
77 | 77 | 仰光 | 緬甸 | 5,550,000 | 596 | 9,300 | C / B | 80 | 5,250,000 | |
78 | 70 | 喀土穆 | 蘇丹 | 5,490,000 | 971 | 5,700 | C / B | 72 | 5,700,000 | |
79 | 245 | 福州 | 中國大陸 | 5,400,000 | 1,243 | 4,300 | L / B | 118 | 4,025,000 | |
80 | 75 | 亞特蘭大[41] | 美國 | 5,325,000 | 7,296 | 600 | N / A | 75 | 5,600,000 | |
81 | 68 | 米蘭[42] | 義大利 | 5,290,000 | 1,891 | 2,800 | C / B | 84 | 5,150,000 | |
82 | 72 | 華盛頓哥倫比亞特區[43] | 美國 | 5,180,000 | 3,424 | 1,300 | A / A | 43 | 8,400,000 | 含巴爾的摩 |
83 | 71 | 聖彼德堡[44] | 俄羅斯 | 5,175,000 | 1,347 | 3,800 | C / B | 77 | 5,500,000 | |
84 | 79 | 阿比讓 | 象牙海岸 | 5,145,000 | 376 | 13,700 | W / B | 82 | 5,200,000 | |
85 | 82 | 哈爾濱[45] | 中國大陸 | 5,115,000 | 609 | 8,400 | C / B | 79 | 5,300,000 | |
86 | 329 | 安曼 | 約旦 | 5,020,000 | 855 | 5,900 | C / B | 82 | 5,200,000 | |
87 | 104 | 達累斯薩拉姆 | 坦桑尼亞 | 4,980,000 | 596 | 8,400 | C / B | 76 | 5,550,000 | |
88 | 79 | 亞歷山卓 | 埃及 | 4,960,000 | 293 | 16,900 | C / B | 80 | 5,250,000 | |
89 | 96 | 科威特城 | 科威特 | 4,860,000 | 712 | 6,800 | C / B | 104 | 4,275,000 | |
90 | 87 | 安卡拉 | 土耳其 | 4,850,000 | 660 | 7,300 | C / B | 91 | 4,750,000 | |
91 | 78 | 巴塞羅納 | 西班牙 | 4,840,000 | 1,075 | 4,500 | C / B | 95 | 4,650,000 | |
92 | 81 | 瓜達拉哈拉 | 墨西哥 | 4,830,000 | 803 | 6,000 | C / B | 85 | 5,050,000 | 含Zapopan |
93 | 61 | 貝洛哈里桑塔 | 巴西 | 4,750,000 | 1,269 | 3,700 | C / B | 87 | 4,950,000 | |
94 | 99 | 大連 | 中國大陸 | 4,600,000 | 971 | 4,700 | C / B | 96 | 4,600,000 | |
95 | 155 | 貴陽 | 中國大陸 | 4,480,000 | 557 | 8,000 | C / B | 173 | 2,950,000 | |
96 | 151 | 溫州 | 中國大陸 | 4,460,000 | 479 | 9,300 | C / B | 69 | 5,950,000 | |
97 | 136 | 卡薩布蘭卡 | 摩洛哥 | 4,410,000 | 272 | 16,200 | C / B | 108 | 4,225,000 | |
98 | 93 | 悉尼 | 澳大利亞 | 4,390,000 | 2,179 | 2,000 | A / A | 86 | 4,975,000 | 含Central Coast |
99 | 91 | 鳳凰城[46] | 美國 | 4,365,000 | 3,225 | 1,200 | N / A | 102 | 4,400,000 | |
100 | 359 | 泗水 | 印度尼西亞 | 4,325,000 | 907 | 4,800 | C / B | 90 | 4,775,000 |
參考資料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Demographia World Urban Areas, 14th Annual Edition (PDF). April 2018. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2018-05-03).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Brinkhoff, Thomas. Major agglomerations of the World. City Population. 2017-01-01. (原始內容存檔於2018-01-18).
- ^ Demographia. Demographia World Urban Areas (PDF) 9th. March 2013. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2013-05-01).
- ^ 包括神奈川、千葉和埼玉縣的大部分,以及群馬、栃木和茨城縣的小部分。
- ^ Various international sources limit their population estimates to DKI Jakarta itself (the national capital district). However, the urbanization of Jakarta extends into the regencies of Tangerang, Bekasi, Bogor and Karawang and the separate cities of Bekasi, Depok and Bogor. Excludes urban areas of Karawang (650,000; 207 km2) and Serang (525,000; 65 km2).
- ^ Includes Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh. Excludes urban area of Meerut (1,489,000; 104 km2).
- ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), tend to be limited to Metro Manila, which is a province-level jurisdiction. The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward into Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal and Batangas provinces. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
- ^ Includes satellite cities in Gyeonggi Province such as Suwon, Goyang, Seongnam, Yongin, Bucheon and Ansand which are treated as separate urban agglomerations by the United Nations. Excludes urban area of Cheonan (500,000; 57 km2) in Chungcheongnam-do.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 上海、杭州、南京、蘇州、無錫、寧波、常州、紹興等城市以及張江陰市區作為單獨的城市區域,構成長三角經濟區。地級市包括淮安(1,856,000;148平方公里)、徐州(1,246,000;233平方公里)、南通(1,036,000;233平方公里)、連雲港(985,000;155平方公里)、鎮江(983,000);鹽城(797,000;207平方公里)、湖州(690,000;111平方公里)、台州(300,000;117平方公里)和宿遷(220,000;36平方公里)。縣級市包括崑山(1,596,000;492平方公里)、常熟(1,139,000;285平方公里)和高郵(180,000;39平方公里)。地級市蘇州(523,000;117平方公里)、慈谿(1,200,000;298平方公里)、副省級市寧波、嘉興(1,044,000)餘姚(650,000;122平方公里)城區(650,000;122平方公里)。259平方公里地級台州市(浙江省)、諸暨市區(50萬;117平方公里)和上虞(40萬;117平方公里)義烏-東陽市區(925,000;233平方公里)、金華(520,000;186平方公里)、永康(500,000;223平方公里)和東陽(260,000;186平方公里)市區金華地級市內的富陽(104平方公里)和蘭溪(22萬;34平方公里)的城區面積也不包括在內。
- ^ Includes Kalyan, and the Panvel urban area. As of 2016, also includes the Census of India urban areas of Bhiwandi, Kalyan, VasaiVirar beginning in 2016.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Demographia defines urban area of New York as a combination of New York–Newark, Bridgeport–Stamford, New Haven, Trenton, Danbury and Twin Rivers urbanized areas. New York and Philadelphia (same with Philadelphia urbanized area) are treated as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Hartford (925,000; 1,336 km2), Allentown–Bethlehem (665,000; 896 km2), Springfield (621,000; 904 km2), Harrisburg (446,000; 673 km2), Poughkeepsie (427,000; 847 km2), Lancaster (405,000; 642 km2), Reading (284,000; 269 km2), Atlantic City (250,000; 324 km2), York (235,000; 342 km2), Norwich–New London (209,000; 394 km2), Waterbury (195,000; 233 km2) and Pottstown (108,000; 205 km2) are also excluded.
- ^ 不包括保定(1,283,000;220平方公里)、張家口(1,322,000;220平方公里)和承德(108,000;23平方公里)市區。
- ^ Includes Francisco Morato. Excludes urban area of Santos (1,716,000; 207 km2).
- ^ Excludes urban areas of Toluca (1,747,000; 220 km2) and Cuernavaca (675,000; 171 km2).
- ^ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 由於存在海關邊境,勞動力、移民不能自由流動,香港和深圳被視為分別的城區。廣州-佛山、深圳、東莞和中山也視作分別的城市地區,它們共同構成了珠江三角洲地區。儘管廣州和佛山因經濟緊密融合而合併為一個城區,珠三角其他地區仍被分為獨立的城區。因此,不包括惠州(1,387,000;168平方公里)、珠海(1,274,000;246平方公里)、肇慶(500,000;65平方公里)以及江門市的江門市區(920,000;259平方公里)和台山(204,000;44平方公里)、佛山市區(300,000;44平方公里)和澳門特別行政區(560,000;21平方公里)。廣佛市區包括佛山市的順德區,2011年版已將其排除在外。深圳市區包括地級市惠州市內的惠陽區,2010年人口普查中已將惠陽區排除在外。惠州市區僅包括惠城區。Demographia對東莞市的估計低於去年,因為之前使用的當地估計值高於2010年人口普查報告的數據。
- ^ Includes urban area of Narayanganj which has been excluded in the 2011 edition.
- ^ Includes Nara and Himeji. United Nations estimates separate Osaka–Kobe and Kyoto and exclude both Nara and Himeji. Excludes urban area of Ōtsu (775,000; 303 km2) and Wakayama (430,000; 91 km2).
- ^ The population estimate is suspect, due to the lack of readily available data for local areas outside the city jurisdiction (Moscow Oblast). Demographia is indebted to Richard Forstall, who has provided local authority area population data for portions of Moscow Oblast within the Moscow urban areas. Other estimates (such as the United Nations estimate) include only the municipality of Moscow, which includes only part of the urban footprint. Includes Elektrostal–Noginsk within Moscow Oblast, which has been excluded in the 2011 edition.
- ^ Combination of Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, Riverside–San Bernardino and Mission Viejo urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Temecula–Murrieta (472,000; 420 km2), Indio–Palm Springs (370,000; 373 km2), Oxnard (369,000; 218 km2), Lancaster–Palmdale (358,000; 300 km2), Victorville–Hesperia–Apple Valley (350,000; 433 km2), Santa Clarita (272,000; 199 km2), Thousand Oaks (216,000; 223 km2), Santa Barbara (196,000; 145 km2), Hemet (163,000; 127 km2) and Simi Valley (126,000; 80 km2).
- ^ Excludes urban area of La Plata (675,000; 228 km2) which has been included in the 2007 edition.
- ^ Includes Eslamshahr and Karaj which has been excluded in the 2012 edition.
- ^ 天津和唐山被視為單獨的城市地區。滄州(500,000;130平方公里)和廊坊(465,000;130平方公里)以及遷安(400,000;168平方公里)也被排除在外。天津市區的人口低於其他估計值(來自聯合國),其中包括不屬於不斷發展的城市地區的大都市地區人口。Demographia人口估計是不斷發展的區域(城市地區或集聚區)內次級市人口的「積累」。
- ^ The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area.
- ^ Excludes urban area of Brazzaville (1,685,000; 181 km2) in the Republic of the Congo.
- ^ Greater London urban area. Excludes urban areas of Reading (318,000; 84 km2), Southend-on-Sea (295,000; 72 km2), Aldershot (252,000; 79 km2), Luton (258,000; 51 km2), Medway (244,000; 52 km2), Crawley (181,000; 58 km2), Slough (164,000; 34 km2), Basildon (145,000; 37 km2), High Wycombe (133,000; 39 km2), Chelmsford (112,000; 26 km2) and Maidstone (108,000; 25 km2).
- ^ Includes Toyohashi.
- ^ Combination of Chicago, Kenosha and Round Lake Beach–McHenry–Grayslake urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Milwaukee (1,388,000; 1,414 km2), Rockford (301,000; 396 km2), South Bend (278,000; 417 km2), Elkhart (144,000; 238 km2) and Racine (134,000; 127 km).
- ^ Johannesburg–East Rand and Pretoria are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Vaal Triangle. Urban area of Vereeninging (Emfuleni) (650,000; 337 km2) is also excluded.
- ^ 不包括重慶市轄區內的萬州(500,000;41平方公里)。直轄市重慶有時也譯作重慶直轄市,是所有城市中人口最多的城市,其範圍遠遠超出了大都市區的任何合理定義。
- ^ 該人口高於其他估計值(來自聯合國),因為聯合國未包括不斷發展的城市地區(尤其是新北)內的所有人口。包括桃園和中壢,2010年版中已將這兩個地區排除在外。不包括新竹市區(650,000;117平方公里)。
- ^ 不包括撫順(1,412,000;130 平方公里)和鐵嶺(325,000;65 平方公里)。
- ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area in the state of Selangor. Continuous urbanization extends well beyond the municipality of Kuala Lumpur, for example to Port Klang and the area represents a single labor market (metropolitan area). The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration). Excludes urban area of Seremban (500,000; 155 km2).
- ^ Combination of Boston, Nashua, Providence (1,187,000; 1,412 km2), Worcester (489,000; 787 km2), Barnstable (247,000; 717 km2), Manchester (159,000; 223 km2), New Bedford (149,000; 142 km2) and Leominster–Fitchburg (117,000; 168 km2).
- ^ 包括泉州市境內的石獅、晉江兩地。
- ^ Essen–Düsseldorf and Cologne–Bonn are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area. Excludes urban area of Aachen–Vaals (585,000; 401 km2) in both Germany and the Netherlands.
- ^ Combination of Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, Denton–Lewisville and McKinney urbanized areas.
- ^ Excludes urban area of Valparaíso–Viña del Mar (875,000; 161 km2).
- ^ Combination of Houston and Conroe urbanized areas. Excludes urban area of Texas City (106,000; 197 km2).
- ^ Miami urbanized area. Includes former urban areas of Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach, which were combined by the US Census Bureau into Miami in 2000.
- ^ Excludes urban area of Johor Bahru (1,640,000; 712 km2) in Malaysia and urban area of Batam (900,000; 218 km2) in Indonesia.
- ^ Atlanta urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Gainesville (131,000; 326 km2) and Athens (129,000; 254 km2).
- ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area, which stretches into Como, Lecco and Varese provinces. Excludes Bergamo which has been included in the 2007 edition (4,950,000; 3,043 km2 in total).
- ^ The US Census Bureau combines Washington and Baltimore into a single metropolitan area (consolidated area) but Demographia considers the two (same with Washington, DC and Baltimore urbanized areas) as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Aberdeen–Havre de Grace (214,000; 339 km2), Hagerstown (183,000; 344 km2), Frederick (142,000; 189 km2), Fredericksburg (141,000; 202 km2) and Waldorf (110,000; 176 km2) are also excluded.
- ^ Includes communities under the authority of the Town Council.
- ^ Excludes urban areas of Acheng (300,000; 39 km2) and Shangzhi (250,000; 18 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Harbin.
- ^ Combination of Phoenix–Mesa, Avondale and Sierra Vista urbanized area.