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西雅图桥梁列表

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A freeway with a smaller bridge next to it spanning a waterway to a wooded but still urbanized hillside with a city's skyline in the distance
连接西雅图市中心,并穿越运河的桥梁

西雅图市内有多座桥梁,需要穿越城市内的多条水道和众多的山丘,其中不乏有在功能或工程上的创新性而拥有一定的历史意义的桥梁[1]。截至2015年,西雅图市内已经有十二座桥梁被联邦政府、市政府或两者授予历史地位。西雅图市内也有一些全世界仅有的永久浮桥[2]

华盛顿湖普吉特海湾分别位于西雅图市的东部和西部,而两者之间是通过一系列的运河和联合湖英语Lake Union(统称为华盛顿湖运河英语Lake Washington Ship Canal)连接的[3]。四座通过运河的双叶上开桥是市内最古老的桥梁,它们是在1917年至1930年间启用。市内东部边缘,连接运河南部一带和大学区英语University District, Seattle的桥梁有蒙特莱克大桥大学桥费利蒙大桥穿过运河中心,并因为其桥下净空只有9.1米(30呎),而成为世界上最经常需要开合的桥梁。巴拉德大桥的是市内众多跨越运河的桥梁中最靠西的一座[4]

一众浮桥承载90号州际公路520号华盛顿州州道,并跨越华盛顿湖前往金县东郊英语Eastside (King County, Washington)[5]。建于2016年的长青点浮桥,是同一地点原有的浮桥英语Evergreen Point Floating Bridge的重建[6][7],是世界上最长的浮桥[8][9]莱西·V·默罗纪念大桥英语Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge在1990年因为一次整修,而使它的开放维护舱口进水,而令桥梁的其中一个跨度沉没;之后该跨度被重建。岁月和2001年尼斯阔利地震英语2001 Nisqually earthquake也破坏了桥梁的其余几个跨度。基于未来的地震的危险性增加,市内失修的桥梁也随之需要更换,例如阿拉斯加路高架道路英语Alaskan Way Viaduct木兰桥英语Magnolia Bridge[10][11]

西西雅图英语West Seattle是一个因为被杜瓦米什河分隔而与市中心分离的半岛。西西雅图大桥是跨越河流的主要通道[12]。附近的斯波坎街大桥是世界上第一座,也是唯一一座液压操作的混凝土双叶平转桥[13]

桥梁列表

使用下方服务在地图上显示所有坐标: OpenStreetMap
启用年份栏的附注
*:被国家史迹名录收录的桥梁[14]
†:城市地标[15]
名称(别称) 图片 启用年份 类型 长度( 跨越 承载 座标
树木园下水道栈桥 Reinforces concrete piers and arches supporting a walkway 1913左右*†[16] 拱桥 180/55[16] 华盛顿湖大道E段 下水道与行人径 47°38′22″N 122°17′50″W / 47.63952°N 122.29724°W / 47.63952; -122.29724
巴拉德大桥
(第十五大道大桥)
An aging concrete and steel bridge crossing calm waters on a sunny day 1917*[17] 上开桥 2854/870[18] 鲑鱼湾英语Salmon Bay 第十五大道西北 47°39′35″N 122°22′34″W / 47.65980°N 122.37622°W / 47.65980; -122.37622
考恩公园大桥 An art deco styled concrete bridge over a wooded ravine 1936*†[19] 拱桥 358/109[19] 考恩公园英语Ravenna Park内的一个山沟 第十五大道东北 47°40′24″N 122°18′42″W / 47.67338°N 122.31178°W / 47.67338; -122.31178
第一大道南大桥英语First Avenue South Bridge A bridge crossing a river in an industrial area 1956[a] 上开桥 300/91[21] 杜瓦米什河 99号华盛顿州州道 47°32′32″N 122°20′04″W / 47.54231°N 122.33443°W / 47.54231; -122.33443
费利蒙大桥 A low and blue colored bridge spanning crossing a canal 1917*†[b] 上开桥 242/74[23] 费利蒙河岸英语Fremont Cut 连接费利蒙代尔北与第四大道北的道路 47°38′51″N 122°20′59″W / 47.64750°N 122.34967°W / 47.64750; -122.34967
乔治·华盛顿纪念大桥
(极光大桥)[c]
A high steel bridge 1932*†[21] 桁架拱桥 2945/898[24] 联合湖英语Lake Union 99号华盛顿州州道 47°34′16″N 122°21′13″W / 47.57112°N 122.35366°W / 47.57112; -122.35366
荷马·M·哈德里纪念大桥
(华盛顿湖第三大桥)
An interstate highway crossing a lake on a floating bridge 1989[21] 浮桥 5811/1771[21] 华盛顿湖 90号州际公路 47°35′23″N 122°16′10″W / 47.58984°N 122.26942°W / 47.58984; -122.26942
珍妮特·威廉斯纪念大桥
(西西雅图大桥)[d]
An arching concrete bridge near a port 1984[26] 悬臂桥英语Cantilever bridge 2607/705[25] 杜瓦米什河 连接方特勒罗伊路西南与斯波坎街下水道的道路 47°34′15″N 122°21′01″W / 47.57094°N 122.35033°W / 47.57094; -122.35033
荷西·黎刹大桥
(第十二大道南大桥)[e]
A steel bridge over a roadway 1911*[28] 桁架拱桥 420/130[28] 南迪尔伯恩街与90号州际公路 第十二大道南与90号州际公路 47°35′45″N 122°19′02″W / 47.59584°N 122.31728°W / 47.59584; -122.31728
莱西·V·默罗纪念大桥英语Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge al=The support structures of a bridge before it continues to a section floating on water 1993[f] 浮桥 6620/2020[21] 华盛顿湖 90号州际公路 47°35′24″N 122°16′13″W / 47.58988°N 122.27031°W / 47.58988; -122.27031
木兰桥英语Magnolia Bridge A bridge spanning between residential neighborhoods through an industrial district 1930[11] 桁架桥 3600/1097[29] 史密斯湾英语Smith Cove (Washington)一片被重新使用的潮汐地 西加菲尔德街 47°38′00″N 122°22′57″W / 47.63344°N 122.38255°W / 47.63344; -122.38255
蒙特莱克大桥 A bridge with Collegiate Gothic style towers over a canal at sunset 1925*†[30] 上开桥 344/105[30] 华盛顿湖运河英语Lake Washington Ship Canal 513号华盛顿州州道 47°38′50″N 122°18′17″W / 47.6473°N 122.30468°W / 47.6473; -122.30468
安妮女王大道北大桥 A steel bridge surrounded by trees 1936†[31] 拱桥 238/73[31] 狼溪 安妮女王大道北 47°38′31″N 122°21′09″W / 47.64206°N 122.35238°W / 47.64206; -122.35238
鲑鱼湾大桥 A bridge supported by trusses with a section of it raised 1914†[32] 上开桁架桥 200/61[33] 鲑鱼湾英语Salmon Bay BNSF铁路 47°40′00″N 122°24′08″W / 47.66680°N 122.40213°W / 47.66680; -122.40213
运河桥 A steel bridge with two decks crossing high above a body of water 1962[34] 桁架拱桥 4429/1350[35] 波蒂奇湾英语Portage Bay 5号州际公路 47°39′11″N 122°19′21″W / 47.65309°N 122.32252°W / 47.65309; -122.32252
施米茨公园大桥 The bridge name ("Schmitz Park Bridge") and year ("1936") completed engraved on in concrete 1936*†[36] 刚架桥英语Rigid-frame bridge 175/53[13] 施米茨公园英语Schmitz Park (Seattle)内的一个山沟 海军道西南 47°34′38″N 122°24′11″W / 47.57731°N 122.40310°W / 47.57731; -122.40310
斯波坎街大桥 A concrete portion of a bridge being swung over water 1991[18] 平转桥 480/150[18] 杜瓦米什河 斯波坎街西南 47°34′17″N 122°21′12″W / 47.57138°N 122.35336°W / 47.57138; -122.35336
520号华盛顿州州道阿尔伯特·D·罗塞里尼长青角浮桥
(长青角浮桥、520大桥)[g]
A long floating bridge crossing a lake in a suburban area 2016[6] 浮桥 7708/2350[9] 华盛顿湖 520号华盛顿州州道 47°38′26″N 122°15′37″W / 47.64051°N 122.26019°W / 47.64051; -122.26019
第二十大道东北大桥
(拉文纳公园大桥)
A steel bridge arching over a ravine 1913*†[38] 拱桥 354/108[13] 拉文纳公园英语Ravenna Park内的一个山沟 第二十大道东北(人行道) 47°40′19″N 122°18′23″W / 47.67189°N 122.30632°W / 47.67189; -122.30632
大学桥 A concrete and steel bridge crossing over a body of water 1919*[h] 上开桥 218/66[23] 波蒂奇湾英语Portage Bay 东湖大道东北 47°39′11″N 122°19′12″W / 47.65309°N 122.32010°W / 47.65309; -122.32010

注释

  1. ^ 1996年兴建了一个平行的桥体;原有桥体在1996年至1998年间被局部拆除与改建。[20]
  2. ^ 市政府在200年至2007间重建大桥两端引桥。[22]
  3. ^ 通称“极光大桥”,惟大桥以乔治·华盛顿之名为正式命名。[24]
  4. ^ 通称“西西雅图大桥”,惟大桥在2009年为一名市议员而重新命名。[25]
  5. ^ 通称“第十二大道南大桥”,惟大桥以荷西·黎刹之名为正式命名。[27]
  6. ^ 旧桥于1940年通车,1990年沉没。[21]
  7. ^ 同一地点原有的浮桥英语Evergreen Point Floating Bridge的重建。旧桥原名即“长青角浮桥”,其后为纪念第15任华盛顿州州长阿尔伯特·罗塞里尼英语Albert Rosellini而更名。[37]
  8. ^ 在1933年改建并恢复通车。[18]

参考文献

  1. ^ Petroski, Henry. Floating Bridges (PDF). American Scientific. 2003, 91: 302–306 [2018-06-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04). 
  2. ^ Gutierres, Scott. Washington: Floating Bridge Capitol of the World. Seattle Post Intelligencer. 2012-02-29 [2015-01-04]. (原始内容存档于2014-07-15). 
  3. ^ Insiders' Guide to Seattle. Insiders Guides. 2010: 17. ISBN 978-0-7627-5544-8. 
  4. ^ Ohlsen, Becky. Seattle. Lonely Planet. 2008: 44. ISBN 978-1-74059-834-7. 
  5. ^ Petroski, Henry. Pushing the Limits: New Adventures in Engineering. Knopf. 2005: 40. ISBN 978-1-4000-4051-3. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Lindblom, Mike. New 520 bridge to open in April; walkers, bicyclists get to try it first. The Seattle Times. 2016-01-12 [2016-04-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-07). 
  7. ^ Traffic switch from old SR 520 floating bridge to new bridge (PDF). Washington State Department of Transportation. January 2016 [2016-04-20]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-17). 
  8. ^ Gaudette, Karen. DOT on 520 project: "The Sooner the Better". The Seattle Times. 2005-04-26 [2011-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2011-06-28). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Longest bridge, floating bridge. Guinness World Records. [2016-04-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-30). 
  10. ^ Demolition of the Alaskan Way Viaduct begins. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 2011-02-18 [2011-02-27]. (原始内容存档于2011-07-16). 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Cunningham, Jeffrey. Magnolia's Bridges. Queen Anne & Magnolia News. 2014-11-25 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2014-12-20). 
  12. ^ Southwest Seattle Historical Society, Log House Museum. Images of America West Seattle. Arcadia Publishing. 2010: 20. ISBN 978-0-7385-8133-0. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Holstine, Craig; Hobbs, Richard. Spanning Washington: Historic Highway Bridges of the Evergreen State. Washington State University Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-87422-281-4. 
  14. ^ National Register of Historic Places; Annual Listing of Historic Properties (Part II) (PDF). National Park Service. 1983-03-01: 8669 [2018-06-29]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-11-03). 
  15. ^ Landmarks and Designation. City of Seattle Department of Neighborhoods. [2011-02-28]. (原始内容存档于2012-06-27). 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Landmark Preservation Board. Seattle Historic Building Data Sheet (PDF). City of Seattle. 1975-04-01 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-12-20). 
  17. ^ Dorpat, Paul. A Bridge Loses Track. The Seattle Times. 2001-08-12 [2011-02-03]. (原始内容存档于2009-02-17). 
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Bridges and Roadway Structures. City of Seattle Department of Transportation. [2011-02-03]. (原始内容存档于2010-11-21). 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 Blecha, Peter. Ravenna Park (Seattle). HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. 2011-01-23 [2011-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2011-12-10). 
  20. ^ 1st Avenue S. Bridge. Washington State Department of Transportation. [2011-02-03]. (原始内容存档于2011-02-01). 
  21. ^ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2008. World Almanac Books. 2008: 737–739. ISBN 978-1-60057-072-8. 
  22. ^ Gilore, Susan. Project Will Keep Bus Traffic off Bridge in Fremont. The Seattle Times. 2006-05-22 [2011-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2011-06-28). 
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 Shellin Atly, Elizabeth. Nomination Form (PDF). City of Seattle; Department of Community Development/Office of Urban Conservation. 1980-01-02 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-03-24). 
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 Gilore, Susan. 3 Designs Released for Fence on Aurora Bridge. The Seattle Times. 2008-07-15 [2010-02-22]. (原始内容存档于2008-12-04). 
  25. ^ 25.0 25.1 West Seattle Bridge Honors Jeanette Williams. West Seattle Herald. 2009-10-30. 
  26. ^ The Northwest Today. The Register-Guard. 1984-07-08: 5A. 
  27. ^ Long, Priscilla. Seattle's 12th Avenue South (Dearborn Street) Bridge Is Built in 1911. HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. 2007-12-23 [2018-06-29]. (原始内容存档于2013-08-06). 
  28. ^ 28.0 28.1 View From on High. City of Seattle Department of Transportation. 2010-08-24 [2011-02-27]. (原始内容存档于2011-05-25). 
  29. ^ Magnolia Bridge Site Recommended. The Daily Journal of Commerce. 2006-02-09 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2006-03-30). 
  30. ^ 30.0 30.1 Gelula, Melisse. Fodor's Cityguide Seattle. Fodor's Travel Publications. 2002: 171. ISBN 978-0-676-90194-8. 
  31. ^ Shellin Atly, Elizabeth. Nomination Form (PDF). City of Seattle; Department if Community Development/Office of Urban Conservation. 1980-01-02 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-03-24). 
  32. ^ The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge, Volume 4. Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. 1918: 504. ISBN 978-1-2763-9784-1. 
  33. ^ Final List of Nationally and Exceptionally Significant Features of the Federal Interstate Highway System. Federal Highway Administration, USDOT. [2014-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2006-08-11). 
  34. ^ Dorpat, Paul; McCoy, Genevieve. Building Washington: A History of Washington State Public Works. Tartu Publications. 1998: 131. ISBN 978-0-9614357-9-0. 
  35. ^ Long, Priscilla. Schmitz Park Bridge in West Seattle Is Completed in December 1936.. HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. 2007-12-23 [2014-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2014-12-20). 
  36. ^ Weekly Roundup of Facts, Figures and Forecasts. The Seattle Times. 2004-08-25 [2011-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2004-10-12). 
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