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芝士濃湯

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維基百科，自由的百科全書
餐廳供應含四種芝士的濃湯

芝士濃湯的主材料是芝士，與牛奶、清湯或上湯一起作濃湯基底。可以添加多種其它材料，也有各式形態各異的芝士濃湯。這是美國、哥倫比亞、墨西哥、瑞士以及西藏飲食中，都可以見到類似的食品。大量生產的芝士濃湯可能加入了食品添加物促進保存與增添風味。

概觀

餐廳供應的，用藍紋芝士製作的芝士糊（Churu）
椰菜花芝士濃湯

芝士濃湯存在於各地飲食中，如：美國飲食、哥倫比亞飲食、墨西哥飲食、瑞士飲食以及西藏飲食。[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]「Mote de queso」是哥倫比亞科爾多瓦省的傳統芝士濃湯。[8]西班牙語中「芝士濃湯」是「sopa de queso」，1893年的一份墨西哥食譜中就收錄了這道菜。[4]瑞士的芝士濃湯稱為「Kassuppe」，是瑞士中部的特色菜。[9]「Churu 」則是西藏的芝士濃湯，所有用芝士就稱為「churu」。[6][7]

材料

芝士是芝士濃湯的主材料，通常會削成絲或小塊。[10][11]可以使用硬質的芝士如：車打芝士、格呂耶爾芝士與巴馬臣芝士[12][13][14]；也可使用軟質芝士：農家芝士、高達芝士、莫恩斯特芝士、克索布蘭可芝士、奇瓦瓦芝士等。[15][16][17][18][19] 芝士可以增添湯的風味和營養價值。[20]加工芝士（維菲塔芝士也是[21]）有時候會用以代替天然芝士，例如經過巴氏殺菌的芝士和使用巴氏殺菌芝士的食物。[22]一些風味濃郁的芝士濃湯可能含有較多的脂肪，可能添加了高脂肪的材料如：奶油和鮮奶油，[23]還有芝士裏的脂肪。可以改用低脂或零脂芝士、零脂牛奶及零脂上湯等，以降低湯品的脂肪含量。[24][25]

牛奶和／或清湯如：雞清湯或上湯[11][26][27]是芝士濃湯的液體基底。其餘材料包括：半對半鮮奶油、啤酒、麵包屑、奶油、蛋、洋蔥、洋蔥汁、大蒜，蔬菜則有椰菜花、西蘭花、紅蘿蔔和芹菜、香料、調味料等。[10][11][13][27][28]煙肉碎、啤酒和碎椰菜花等可以增添芝士濃湯的風味。有時會灑上麵包丁。[29]

烹調

芝士濃湯如果直接加熱很容易燒焦，因此有時會用隔水燉鍋烹調[20][27][30]以避免燒焦。[11]芝士濃湯也可以用隔水燉鍋來重複加熱。[11]

大量生產

大量生產的芝士濃湯可能含有添加物以促進風味或保存。例如： 某些大量生產的芝士濃湯為了增添風味，含有修飾奶油脂的成分。[31]一些大量生產的芝士濃湯也會使用果膠中的膠質代替脂肪。[32]

芝士濃湯列表

Beer cheese soup
啤酒芝士濃湯
莫薩里拉濃湯
餐廳供應的，用藍紋芝士製作的芝士糊（Churu）

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參考書目

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外部連結

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