鳥獸腳類

鳥獸腳類; 化石時期：侏儸紀晚期至現今，175.6–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N 可能還有侏羅紀早期的記錄
	異特龍的骨骼模型
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	蜥形綱 Sauropsida
總目：	恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目：	蜥臀目 Saurischia
亞目：	獸腳亞目 Theropoda
演化支：	新獸腳類 Neotheropoda
演化支：	鳥吻類 Averostra
演化支：	堅尾龍類 Tetanurae
演化支：	俄里翁龍類 Orionides
演化支：	鳥獸腳類 Avetheropoda; Paul，1988
演化支
	†氣龍屬 Gasosaurus; †肉食龍下目 Carnosauria; 虛骨龍類 Coelurosauria; 地位不明 †大盜龍類 Megaraptora; ;
異名
	新堅尾龍類 Neotetanurae Sereno等人，1998

鳥獸腳類（學名：Avetheropoda）是獸腳亞目堅尾龍類的一個演化支，包含肉食龍下目與虛骨龍類^[1]。在1988年，保羅·塞里諾（Paul Sereno）提出鳥獸腳類的概念，最初使用嗜鳥龍、美頜龍、異特龍科、暴龍科、以及部分阿貝力龍科（例如印度鱷龍）作為分類的基準點^[2]。在1994年，湯瑪斯·霍爾茲（Thomas R. Holtz）正式建立鳥獸腳類（Avetheropoda）的名稱。同樣在1994年，保羅·塞里諾與其他科學家建立新堅尾龍類（Neotetanurae）演化支，範圍與鳥獸腳類接近^[3]。由於鳥獸腳類的正式命名，早於新堅尾龍類約一個月，鳥獸腳類成為正式的名稱^[1]^[4]。

在1999年，凱文·帕迪恩（Kevin Padian）將鳥獸腳類做出定義，範圍是脆弱異特龍與家麻雀的最近共同祖先，與其最近共同祖先的所有後代^[5]^[6]。湯瑪斯·霍爾茲、菲力·居爾（Phil Chure）曾分別提出相同範圍的鳥獸腳類定義^[7]^[8]。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Holtz Jr., T. R., Molnar, R. E. & Currie, P. J. 2004. Basal Tetanurae. In: The Dinosauria, ed. D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska.University of California Press, Berkeley, D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska. Ed. University of California Press71-110.
^ Paul, G. S. 1988. Predatory dinosaurs of the world. Simon and Schuster. New York. Simon and Schuster.464 p.
^ Sereno, P. C., Wilson, J. A., Larsson, H.C. E., Dutheil, D. B. & Cavigelli, J. P. 1994. Dinosaur evolution on southern continents; new evidence from Cretaceous deposits in the Sahara. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Fifty-fourth Annual Meeting. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Burke Museum. University of Washington. Seattle. Washington, October 19-22, 14, supplement to number 3, 45A.
^ Paul, G. S. 2002. Dinosaurs of the Air. The Hopkins University Press. The Hopkins University Press. 460 pp.
^ Sereno, P. C. 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaeontologie. Abhandlungen, 210, 1, 41-83.
^ Padian, K., Hutchinson, J. R. & Holtz, R., Jr. 1999. Phylogenetic definitions and nomenclature of the major taxonomic categories of the carnivorous dinosauria (Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 1, 69-80.
^ Holtz, T. 2000. Estimating the theropod phylogeny: fragments, outgroups, and ""functional complexes"". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Sixtieth annual meeting. Society of vertebrate paleontology, Mexico City, Mexico, October 25-28, 20, Supplement to number 3, 49A.
^ Chure, D. J. 2001. The second record of the African theropod Elaphrosaurus (Dinosauria, Ceratosauria) from the Western Hemisphere. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2001, 9, 566-576.

外部連結

鳥獸腳類的特徵（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
鳥獸腳類的分類歷史

[HOL04-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Holtz Jr., T. R., Molnar, R. E. & Currie, P. J. 2004. Basal Tetanurae. In: The Dinosauria, ed. D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska.University of California Press, Berkeley, D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska. Ed. University of California Press71-110.

[PAU88-2] Paul, G. S. 1988. Predatory dinosaurs of the world. Simon and Schuster. New York. Simon and Schuster.464 p.

[SER94-3] Sereno, P. C., Wilson, J. A., Larsson, H.C. E., Dutheil, D. B. & Cavigelli, J. P. 1994. Dinosaur evolution on southern continents; new evidence from Cretaceous deposits in the Sahara. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Fifty-fourth Annual Meeting. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Burke Museum. University of Washington. Seattle. Washington, October 19-22, 14, supplement to number 3, 45A.

[PAU02-4] Paul, G. S. 2002. Dinosaurs of the Air. The Hopkins University Press. The Hopkins University Press. 460 pp.

[SER98-5] Sereno, P. C. 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaeontologie. Abhandlungen, 210, 1, 41-83.

[PAD99-6] Padian, K., Hutchinson, J. R. & Holtz, R., Jr. 1999. Phylogenetic definitions and nomenclature of the major taxonomic categories of the carnivorous dinosauria (Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 1, 69-80.

[HOL00-7] Holtz, T. 2000. Estimating the theropod phylogeny: fragments, outgroups, and ""functional complexes"". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Sixtieth annual meeting. Society of vertebrate paleontology, Mexico City, Mexico, October 25-28, 20, Supplement to number 3, 49A.

[CHU01-8] Chure, D. J. 2001. The second record of the African theropod Elaphrosaurus (Dinosauria, Ceratosauria) from the Western Hemisphere. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2001, 9, 566-576.

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