鸟兽脚类

鸟兽脚类; 化石时期：侏㑩纪晚期至现今，175.6–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N 可能还有侏罗纪早期的记录
	异特龙的骨骼模型
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目：	恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目：	蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目：	兽脚亚目 Theropoda
演化支：	新兽脚类 Neotheropoda
演化支：	鸟吻类 Averostra
演化支：	坚尾龙类 Tetanurae
演化支：	俄里翁龙类 Orionides
演化支：	鸟兽脚类 Avetheropoda; Paul，1988
演化支
	†气龙属 Gasosaurus; †肉食龙下目 Carnosauria; 虚骨龙类 Coelurosauria; 地位不明 †大盗龙类 Megaraptora; ;
异名
	新坚尾龙类 Neotetanurae Sereno等人，1998

鸟兽脚类（学名：Avetheropoda）是兽脚亚目坚尾龙类的一个演化支，包含肉食龙下目与虚骨龙类^[1]。在1988年，保罗·塞里诺（Paul Sereno）提出鸟兽脚类的概念，最初使用嗜鸟龙、美颌龙、异特龙科、暴龙科、以及部分阿贝力龙科（例如印度鳄龙）作为分类的基准点^[2]。在1994年，汤玛斯·霍尔兹（Thomas R. Holtz）正式建立鸟兽脚类（Avetheropoda）的名称。同样在1994年，保罗·塞里诺与其他科学家建立新坚尾龙类（Neotetanurae）演化支，范围与鸟兽脚类接近^[3]。由于鸟兽脚类的正式命名，早于新坚尾龙类约一个月，鸟兽脚类成为正式的名称^[1]^[4]。

在1999年，凯文·帕迪恩（Kevin Padian）将鸟兽脚类做出定义，范围是脆弱异特龙与家麻雀的最近共同祖先，与其最近共同祖先的所有后代^[5]^[6]。汤玛斯·霍尔兹、菲力·居尔（Phil Chure）曾分别提出相同范围的鸟兽脚类定义^[7]^[8]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Holtz Jr., T. R., Molnar, R. E. & Currie, P. J. 2004. Basal Tetanurae. In: The Dinosauria, ed. D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska.University of California Press, Berkeley, D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska. Ed. University of California Press71-110.
^ Paul, G. S. 1988. Predatory dinosaurs of the world. Simon and Schuster. New York. Simon and Schuster.464 p.
^ Sereno, P. C., Wilson, J. A., Larsson, H.C. E., Dutheil, D. B. & Cavigelli, J. P. 1994. Dinosaur evolution on southern continents; new evidence from Cretaceous deposits in the Sahara. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Fifty-fourth Annual Meeting. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Burke Museum. University of Washington. Seattle. Washington, October 19-22, 14, supplement to number 3, 45A.
^ Paul, G. S. 2002. Dinosaurs of the Air. The Hopkins University Press. The Hopkins University Press. 460 pp.
^ Sereno, P. C. 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaeontologie. Abhandlungen, 210, 1, 41-83.
^ Padian, K., Hutchinson, J. R. & Holtz, R., Jr. 1999. Phylogenetic definitions and nomenclature of the major taxonomic categories of the carnivorous dinosauria (Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 1, 69-80.
^ Holtz, T. 2000. Estimating the theropod phylogeny: fragments, outgroups, and ""functional complexes"". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Sixtieth annual meeting. Society of vertebrate paleontology, Mexico City, Mexico, October 25-28, 20, Supplement to number 3, 49A.
^ Chure, D. J. 2001. The second record of the African theropod Elaphrosaurus (Dinosauria, Ceratosauria) from the Western Hemisphere. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2001, 9, 566-576.

外部链接

鸟兽脚类的特征（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
鸟兽脚类的分类历史

[HOL04-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Holtz Jr., T. R., Molnar, R. E. & Currie, P. J. 2004. Basal Tetanurae. In: The Dinosauria, ed. D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska.University of California Press, Berkeley, D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska. Ed. University of California Press71-110.

[PAU88-2] Paul, G. S. 1988. Predatory dinosaurs of the world. Simon and Schuster. New York. Simon and Schuster.464 p.

[SER94-3] Sereno, P. C., Wilson, J. A., Larsson, H.C. E., Dutheil, D. B. & Cavigelli, J. P. 1994. Dinosaur evolution on southern continents; new evidence from Cretaceous deposits in the Sahara. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Fifty-fourth Annual Meeting. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Burke Museum. University of Washington. Seattle. Washington, October 19-22, 14, supplement to number 3, 45A.

[PAU02-4] Paul, G. S. 2002. Dinosaurs of the Air. The Hopkins University Press. The Hopkins University Press. 460 pp.

[SER98-5] Sereno, P. C. 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaeontologie. Abhandlungen, 210, 1, 41-83.

[PAD99-6] Padian, K., Hutchinson, J. R. & Holtz, R., Jr. 1999. Phylogenetic definitions and nomenclature of the major taxonomic categories of the carnivorous dinosauria (Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 19, 1, 69-80.

[HOL00-7] Holtz, T. 2000. Estimating the theropod phylogeny: fragments, outgroups, and ""functional complexes"". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Abstracts of papers. Sixtieth annual meeting. Society of vertebrate paleontology, Mexico City, Mexico, October 25-28, 20, Supplement to number 3, 49A.

[CHU01-8] Chure, D. J. 2001. The second record of the African theropod Elaphrosaurus (Dinosauria, Ceratosauria) from the Western Hemisphere. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2001, 9, 566-576.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]