腹外侧视前核
腹外侧视前区（VLPO）是位于下丘脑前部的一个小神经元群。[1][2]
腹外侧视前区是控制人们唤醒与睡眠的神经系统。[1][2]在非快速动眼睡眠期间，腹外侧视前核会释放抑制性神经递质。[3]
VLPO在睡眠期间处于活跃状态，特别是在非快速眼动睡眠（NREM睡眠）期间，[4]并释放抑制性神经递质，主要是GABA和甘丙宁，它们抑制参与觉醒上升性觉醒系统的神经元。[5][6]而VLPO又受到来自上升性觉醒系统多个组成部分神经元的支配。[7]VLPO由内源性促进睡眠的物质腺苷[8][9]和前列腺素D2[10]激活。在清醒状态下，VLPO受到唤醒诱导神经递质去甲肾上腺素和乙酰胆碱的抑制。[7]VLPO在睡眠和觉醒中的作用及其与睡眠障碍（特别是失眠和嗜睡症）的关系是神经科学研究的一个新兴领域。
参考文献
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