2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情

2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情
2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情
疾病	2019冠状病毒病
病毒株	严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2
地点	尼泊爾
指示病例	巴格馬蒂省加德满都区（英语：Kathmandu District）
首例确诊日期	2020年1月9日; (4年10个月1周又2天)
首次爆发地	中华人民共和国湖北省武漢市
政府网站
	COVID-19 Dashboard (MoHP) ; Nepal COVID-19 Monitor (NDRRMA)
医学声明

2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情是指發生在尼泊爾境內的由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2引起的2019冠状病毒病疫情。尼泊尔的首例病例出現於2020年1月23日，當時一名31岁的学生于當年1月9日从武汉市返回加德满都，隨後該學生的病毒检测呈阳性^[1]。这也是南亚地区记录的第一例COVID-19病例^[2]。

2020年1月至3月期间，尼泊尔采取了一些措施来阻止疫情蔓延，同时采购必要的设备和药品，改善卫生基础设施，培训医务人员，以及普及公众防護意识，为疫情爆发做准备。从1月中旬开始，尼泊尔在特里布万国际机场以及与印度交界的检查站设立了卫生站。后来尼泊爾与印度和中国的陆地边界被完全封锁，所有国际航班均暂停。所有学术考试被取消，学校和学院被关闭。全国各地建立起检疫中心和临时医院，醫院增加加護病房和隔離病房並升級和擴大实验室设施。

尼泊尔的第一例本地传播病例4月4日出現於凯拉利县。第一例死亡病例出現於5月14日。2020年3月24日，尼泊爾開始全国封锁，此次封鎖于2020年7月21日结束^[3]。2021年1月27日，尼泊尔开始注射COVID-19疫苗。 ^[4]

受到2019冠狀病毒病印度疫情影響，尼泊爾疫情2021年5月初的每日确诊率较4月中旬上升1200%^[5]。截至2021年5月8日，尼泊爾卫生和人口部（英语：Ministry of Health and Population (Nepal)）（MoHP）證實全国共有385,890名病例，其中298,765人已康复，3,632人死亡。此次疫情遍及尼泊爾所有的行政區^[6]。

此次疫情迫使尼泊尔取消了2020年访问尼泊尔（英语：Visit Nepal 2020）旅游活动。由于疫情对尼泊爾旅游业、汇款、制造业、建筑业和贸易產生影响^[7]，该国的经济将大幅下滑。世界银行表示，此次疫情可能使该国约三分之一的人口处于貧窮門檻以下（即每天花費1.9美元）^[8]。

参考文献

^ Shrestha, Ranish; Shrestha, Sunil; Khanal, Pratik; Kc, Bhuvan. Nepal's first case of COVID-19 and public health response. Journal of Travel Medicine. 2020-05-18, 27 (3): taaa024. ISSN 1195-1982. PMC 7107523 . PMID 32104884. doi:10.1093/jtm/taaa024. One confirmed case in Nepal was a native student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom onset on 3 January 2020. The infected 32-year-old male had returned on 9 January to spend winter holidays in Nepal... On 23 January 2020, the test results came back confirming COVID-19, although the man had been discharged.
^ Nepal Reports South Asia's First Confirmed Case Of Deadly Coronavirus. NDTV.com. [2020-05-21]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-24）.
^ Pradhan, Tika R. Government decides to lift the four-month-long coronavirus lockdown, but with conditions. Kathmandu Post. 2020-07-21 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-22）. The government has announced an end of the nationwide lockdown that it had imposed starting March 24 to contain the spread of Covid-19. Minister for Finance and Communication Yubaraj Khatiwada, who is also the government spokesperson, told a press briefing that Monday's Cabinet meeting had decided to lift the lockdown effective from Tuesday midnight with a few restrictions such as a ban on large gatherings still in place.
^ COVID-19 vaccination drive to commence from Wednesday in Nepal. The Himalayan Times. 2021-01-24 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-20）.
^ 上游新聞. 印度疫情外溢亚洲多国遭病毒肆虐尼泊尔感染率增1200%. [2021-05-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-12）.
^ 206 Nepalis die of coronavirus across the globe as of Saturday evening. My Republica. 2020-07-26 [2021-02-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-26）.
^ Govt to carry out impact assessment of coronavirus on economy. The Himalayan Times. 2020-03-06 [2020-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-31）.
^ COVID-19 could push nearly one-third of Nepal's population below poverty line: World Bank report. Xinhua News Agency. 2020-07-23 [2020-07-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-27）.

[1] Shrestha, Ranish; Shrestha, Sunil; Khanal, Pratik; Kc, Bhuvan. Nepal's first case of COVID-19 and public health response. Journal of Travel Medicine. 2020-05-18, 27 (3): taaa024. ISSN 1195-1982. PMC 7107523 . PMID 32104884. doi:10.1093/jtm/taaa024. One confirmed case in Nepal was a native student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom onset on 3 January 2020. The infected 32-year-old male had returned on 9 January to spend winter holidays in Nepal... On 23 January 2020, the test results came back confirming COVID-19, although the man had been discharged.

[2] Nepal Reports South Asia's First Confirmed Case Of Deadly Coronavirus. NDTV.com. [2020-05-21]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-24）.

[3] Pradhan, Tika R. Government decides to lift the four-month-long coronavirus lockdown, but with conditions. Kathmandu Post. 2020-07-21 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-22）. The government has announced an end of the nationwide lockdown that it had imposed starting March 24 to contain the spread of Covid-19. Minister for Finance and Communication Yubaraj Khatiwada, who is also the government spokesperson, told a press briefing that Monday's Cabinet meeting had decided to lift the lockdown effective from Tuesday midnight with a few restrictions such as a ban on large gatherings still in place.

[4] COVID-19 vaccination drive to commence from Wednesday in Nepal. The Himalayan Times. 2021-01-24 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-20）.

[5] 上游新聞. 印度疫情外溢亚洲多国遭病毒肆虐尼泊尔感染率增1200%. [2021-05-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-12）.

[6] 206 Nepalis die of coronavirus across the globe as of Saturday evening. My Republica. 2020-07-26 [2021-02-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-26）.

[7] Govt to carry out impact assessment of coronavirus on economy. The Himalayan Times. 2020-03-06 [2020-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-31）.

[8] COVID-19 could push nearly one-third of Nepal's population below poverty line: World Bank report. Xinhua News Agency. 2020-07-23 [2020-07-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-27）.

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