鹿松露属
鹿松露属
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科学分类 
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| 界： | 真菌界 Fungi |
| 门： | 子囊菌门 Ascomycota |
| 纲： | 散囊菌綱 Eurotiomycetes |
| 目： | 散囊菌目 Eurotiales |
| 科： | 鹿松露科 Elaphomycetaceae |
| 属： | 鹿松露属 Elaphomyces Nees (1820) |
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鹿松露属（学名：Elaphomyces）也称大团囊菌属，是子囊菌門散囊菌綱散囊菌目鹿松露科的一個属。[1] 多数物种为外生菌根的共生真菌，与共生植物形成外生菌根。鹿松露与松露是不同的，鹿松露屬於子囊菌门下的散囊菌綱，其子囊果在地下平均5cm深度，属于地下真菌（hypogeous fungus），常年生长。松露则屬於盤菌綱，虽然营养菌丝在地下，但其子囊果在地面之上，因此只能季节性生长。目前发现约50个鹿松露物种。[2]
在温带和亚北极森林生态系统中，鹿松露属是最重要的外生菌根真菌属之一。它们是环境中砷污染修复植物，某些鹿松露的砷积累效能达到12–660 mg / kg（以干重计），而且有机砷的组成很不寻常，主要为甲基砷酸和三甲基砷氧化物。[3]
鹿松露不能为人类食用，但是野猪或其它小哺乳动物的最爱。[1]
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：[4]
- Elaphomyces aculeatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces adamizans Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces americanus Castellano
- Elaphomyces anthracinus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces appalachiensis Linder
- Elaphomyces asahimontanus Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces asperulus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces atropurpureus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces aurantius Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces austrogranulatus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces barrioi A.Paz, Lavoise & Molia
- Elaphomyces bartlettii Castellano & R.B.Stephens
- Elaphomyces bollardii Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces borealis Jeppson & E.Larss., 2021
- Elaphomyces bucholtzii Saitta, A.Paz, E.Otsing & Tedersoo
- Elaphomyces carbonaceus Corner & Hawker
- Elaphomyces chlorocarpus Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
- Elaphomyces cibulae Castellano, Trappe & D.Mitchell
- Elaphomyces citrinopapillatus A.Molia, A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces citrinus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces compleximurus Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
- Elaphomyces cooloolanus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces coralloideus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces cyanosporus Tul. & C.Tul.
- Elaphomyces darjeelingensis K.S.Thind & B.M.Sharma
- Elaphomyces decipiens Vittad.
- Elaphomyces digitatus Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
- Elaphomyces favosus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces fici Tilak & Rokde
- Elaphomyces foetidus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces fragilisporus S.Imai
- 粒状大团囊菌 Elaphomyces granulatus Fr., 1829
- Elaphomyces guangdongensis B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces iuppitercellus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- 日本大团囊菌 Elaphomyces japonicus Lloyd
- Elaphomyces labyrinthinus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces laetiluteus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces leonis Juste, Faust.García, J.M.Vidal & A.Paz
- Elaphomyces leucocarpus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces leucosporus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces leveillei Tul. & C.Tul.
- Elaphomyces loebiae Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces luteicrustus Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces macrosporus Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces maculatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces mitchelliae Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces miyabeanus S.Imai
- Elaphomyces morettii Vittad.
- Elaphomyces muricatus Fr.
- Elaphomyces mutabilis Vittad.
- Elaphomyces nemoreus Jeppson, A.Molia & E.Larsson
- Elaphomyces neoasperulus Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces nikkoensis S.Imai
- Elaphomyces nopporensis S.Imai
- Elaphomyces nothofagi Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces officinalis Nees
- Elaphomyces oreoides Castellano
- Elaphomyces papillatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces pedicellaris Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces persoonii Vittad.
- Elaphomyces porcatosporus B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces pusillus A.Molia & S.Sivertsen
- Elaphomyces putridus Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces queenslandicus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces quercicola Ławryn., A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces remickii Castellano & R.B.Stephens
- Elaphomyces reticulosporus B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces roseolus Setkos, Kaounas, A.Paz, Lavoise & Fern.Rodr.
- Elaphomyces roseoviolaceus A.Molia & E.Larsson
- Elaphomyces rugosisporus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces septatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces shimizuensis Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces singaporensis Corner & Hawker
- Elaphomyces spinoreticulatus B.C.Zhang & Minter
- Elaphomyces spirosporus A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces subvariegatus S.Imai
- Elaphomyces subviscidus (Zeller) Trappe & Guzmán
- Elaphomyces suejoyceae Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces sulphureopallidus Vaček
- Elaphomyces symeae Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
- Elaphomyces timgrovei Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces titibuensis Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces tropicalis Sukarno & Listiyowati
- Elaphomyces tuberculatus A-S.Xu
- Elaphomyces verrucosus C.W.Dodge
- Elaphomyces verruculosus Castellano
- Elaphomyces violaceoniger A.Paz, Faust.García & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces virgatosporus Hollós
- Elaphomyces viridiseptus Trappe & Kimbr.
參看
參考
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Molia, A., Larsson, E., Jeppson, M., Læssøe, T., & Larsson, K. (2020). Elaphomyces section Elaphomyces (Eurotiales, Ascomycota) — taxonomy and phylogeny of North European taxa, with the introduction of three new species. Fungal Systematics and Evolution, 5, 283 - 300. (PDF).
- ^ Paz A, Bellanger JM, Lavoise C; et al. The genus Elaphomyces (Ascomycota, Eurotiales): a ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny and revised systematics of European 'deer truffles'. Persoonia. 2017;38:197-239. doi:10.3767/003158517X697309. (PDF).
- ^ Braeuer, Simone; Borovička, Jan; Goessler, Walter (2018). "A unique arsenic speciation profile in Elaphomyces spp. ("deer truffles")—trimethylarsine oxide and methylarsonous acid as significant arsenic compounds". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 410 (9): 2283–2290. doi:10.1007/s00216-018-0903-3. ISSN 1618-2642. PMC 5849658. PMID 29430602..
- ^ Elaphomyces Nees. GBIF. [2022-05-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-17）.
