鹿八日虎爪
鹿八日虎爪 | |
---|---|
出生 | 1063 蒂蘭通戈 |
逝世 | 1115 蒂蘭通戈 |
職業 | 米斯特克君主 |
鹿八日虎爪(米斯特克語:Iya Nacuaa Teyusi Ñaña[1],英語:8 Deer Jaguar Claw;1063-1115[2])是11世紀墨西哥古文明米斯特克的君主,其故事記載於米斯特克祖切-努塔爾手抄本(Codex Zouche-Nuttall)等鹿皮手抄本上。
鹿八日是米斯特克城邦蒂蘭通戈[註 1]高等祭司鱷五日雨日(5 Crocodile "Sun of Rain")之子,母親是特卡馬查爾科(Tecamachalco)的女王鷹九日可可花(9 Eagle "Cocoa-Flower")。他有兩位兄弟,地震十二日血虎(12 Earthquake "Bloody Jaguar")和花九日箭頭柯巴球(9 Flower "Copalball with Arrow")。他還有一位同父異母的妹妹,名為蜥蜴六日玉扇(6 Lizard "Jade-Fan")。她最初是鹿八日的戀人,但最後卻和鹿八日的死敵風十一日血虎(11 Wind "Bloody Jaguar")成婚。
鹿八日因其軍事征服活動而聞名,他於1083年成為圖圖特佩克[註 2]君主,1083年,和喬盧拉的托爾特克王虎四日夜之面容(4 Jaguar "Face of the Night")結盟,共同進行征服活動[3]。祖切-米塔爾手抄本記載他在統治期間征服了94個城邦。鹿八日是唯一一位統一米斯特克三大文化區域(高地、低地、沿海)的君王。其傳奇故事在後世被米斯特克人廣泛傳頌,甚至被加入神化成分[4]。
注釋
參考資料
書目
- Byland, Bruce E.; Pohl, John M.D. In The Realm of Eight Deer: The Archaeology of the Mixtec Codices. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 1994. ISBN 0-8061-2612-4. OCLC 30892609.
- Jansen, Maarten. Monte Albán y Zaachila en los codices mixtecos. Maarten E.R.G.N. Jansen; Peter C. Kröfges; Michel R. Oudijk (eds.) (編). In The Shadow of Monte Albán: Politics and Historiography in Postclassic Oaxaca, Mexico. Leiden, Netherlands: Research School CNWS (Leiden University School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies). 1998. ISBN 90-5789-006-2. OCLC 40511286 (西班牙語).
- Jansen, Maarten. Monument en verhaal in het land van de Regengod (PDF). Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW). 2003 [2018-11-23]. ISBN 90-6984-382-X. OCLC 66724118. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2007-07-12) (荷蘭語).
- Jansen, Maarten; Jiménez, Gabina Aurora Pérez. Renaming the Mexican Codices. Ancient Mesoamerica. 2004, 15 (2): 267–271. ISSN 0956-5361. doi:10.1017/S0956536104040179.
- Pohl, John M.D. Ancient Books: Mixtec Group Codices. John Pohl's Mesoamerica. Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc (FAMSI). n.d. [2007-08-21]. (原始內容存檔於2007-08-03).
- Pohl, John M.D. The Legend of Lord Eight Deer: An Epic of Ancient Mexico. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. 2002. ISBN 0-19-514019-2. OCLC 47054677.
- Spores, Ronald. The Mixtec Kings and Their People. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 1967. ISBN 0-8061-1091-0.
- Troike, Nancy P. (Ed., intro. and notes). Codex Zouche-Nuttall: British Museum, London (Add. MS. 39671). Codices Selecti series vol. 84 true-color facsimile screenfold reproduction. Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz/Austria (ADEVA). 1987. ISBN 3-201-01350-1. OCLC 165889191.