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馬雅潘

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維基百科，自由的百科全書
馬雅潘
Màayapáan
馬雅潘的庫庫爾坎之廟
位置 墨西哥猶加敦州特科市（英語：Tecoh Municipality）
座標20°37′46″N 89°27′38″W / 20.62944°N 89.46056°W / 20.62944; -89.46056
文化馬雅文明
馬雅潘在中部美洲的位置
馬雅潘
馬雅潘
Màayapáan在中部美洲的位置
馬雅潘

馬雅潘（猶加敦馬雅語：Màayapáan；西班牙語：Mayapán），是中美洲古代馬雅文明後期中心之一，位於墨西哥猶加敦半島境內，奇琴伊察以西100公里，坐標：北緯20°37′46″，西經89°27′38″。

1221年左右，馬雅人發動起義，推翻了奇琴伊察的統治。不久，各個城邦首領召開會議，商議重新建立一個政治中心，將其命名為「馬雅潘」，意為「馬雅人的標準」。科科姆家族（Cocom）首領被選為馬雅之王，但是其他貴族家族亦派出成員參與政府。

1441年，希烏家族（英語：Tutul-Xiu）的首領舒潘（Ah Xiu Xupan）領導了反抗科科姆家族的起義，攻占馬雅潘。最終科科姆家族遭到滅族，只有一人因為貿易去了宏都拉斯而倖存下來，馬雅潘被洗劫、焚毀並廢棄，其他區內大城市都走向衰落，而猶加敦半島就陷入了多國混戰。

1950年代，卡內基基金會資助了一次對馬雅潘的大規模考察，發現了一系列遺蹟，推斷出其規模大約在1萬至1萬5千居民左右。

相關條目

參考文獻

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外部連結

維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：馬雅潘
取自「https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=玛雅潘&oldid=84326758」