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物種庫

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物種庫(英語:species pool)是一個生態學生物地理學概念,指所有可能在特定棲息地定殖和棲息的物種[1][2]該概念強調「本地群落不是封閉系統,而占據任何局部區域的物種通常都來自其他地方」這一事實;但是,物種庫概念可能存在邏輯上的合成謬誤[3]然而,大多數局部群落的確只有物種庫的一小部分。該概念源自麥克阿瑟(MacArthur)和威爾遜(Wilson)的島嶼生物地理學理論,該理論考察了影響孤立自然群落物種豐富度的因素。它有助於了解地方群落的組成和豐富度,以及大時空尺度上作用的生物地理和進化過程如何對其產生影響。[1]物種庫中缺失的部分——暗多樣性——已應用於理解影響當地群落的過程。[4]估算潛在但尚未出現的物種數量的方法也正在被研究。[4]

據推測,物種豐富度與植物群落物種庫的大小之間可能存在直接相關性。[5]在其他地方,有報告認為「取捨權衡和物種庫結構(大小和性狀分布)決定了植物生產力-多樣性關係的形態。[6]

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Howard V. Cornell; Susan P. Harrison. What Are Species Pools and When Are They Important?. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 2014, 45 (1): 651. doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-120213-091759. 
  2. ^ Zobel, M. The species pool concept as a framework for studying patterns of plant diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2016, 27: 8–18. doi:10.1111/jvs.12333. 
  3. ^ Jeremy Fox. Species pools and the fallacy of composition. 2011 [2022-05-07]. (原始內容存檔於2020-12-04). in any complete explanation of local community structure, the properties of the species pool won’t be exogenously determined. There’s nowhere on earth that’s external to community ecology; every population of every species is and always has been part of some local community somewhere 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Pärtel, M.; Szava-Kovats, R; Zobel, M. Dark diversity: shedding light on absent species. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2011, 26 (3): 124–128. PMID 21195505. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2010.12.004. 
  5. ^ Eriksson, Ove. The Species-Pool Hypothesis and Plant Community Diversity. Oikos. 1993, 68 (2): 371–374. ISSN 0030-1299. JSTOR 3544854. doi:10.2307/3544854. High species diversity is expected when the existing species-pool contains many species, and comparatively low species diversity will be found when the species-pool is small. 
  6. ^ Chalmandrier, Loïc; Albouy, Camille; Pellissier, Loïc. Species pool distributions along functional trade-offs shape plant productivity–diversity relationships. Scientific Reports. 2017-11-13, 7 (1): 15405. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5684142可免費查閱. PMID 29133911. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15334-4.