檢討
檢討又稱自我批評，是指一個人否定自己所做所為的一種行為。根據心理學特質理論的觀點，一個人如果過於頻繁的檢討，則表明這個人比較消極，而且其對自我的認識也比較混亂。 [1]頻繁的檢討甚至與重性抑鬱疾患都有一定的關聯。 [1][2][3][4][5]
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參考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Blatt, S.J. (2008). Polarities of experience: Relatedness and self-definition in personality, development, psychopathology, and the therapeutic process. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- ^ Beck, A.T. (1983). Cognitive therapy of depression: New perspectives. In P.J. Clayton & J.E> Barrett (Eds.), Treatment of Depression: Old Controversies and New Approaches (265-290). New York: Raven Press.
- ^ Enns, M.W. & Cox, B.J. (1997). Personality dimensions and depression: Review and commentary. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(3), 274-284.
- ^ Clark, L.A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994). Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 103-116. doi:10.1037//0021-843X.103.1.103
- ^ Ehret, A.M., Joormann, J., & Berking, M. (2015). Examining risk and resilience factors for depression: The role of self-criticism and self-compassion. Cognition and Emotion, 29(8), 1496-1504. doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.992394