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无毒世界基金会

维基百科，自由的百科全书
无毒世界协会
成立时间2006年10月 (2006-10)
类型宗教性非营利
20-5812172
总部洛杉矶 编辑维基数据
地址
服务地区世界
方法反毒小手册、公共宣导、药物认知活动
重要人物
  • Ambra Calzolari
  • Jessica Hochman
  • Gail Carroll
  • Aris Gregorian
  • Maurithus Meiring
  • Shaleen Wohrnitz
[1]
上级组织
山达基教会
收入
89,748 美元 (2022年) 编辑维基数据
目标防止药物滥用
网站总会中文
台湾

无毒世界基金会（Foundation for a Drug-Free World），也称无毒世界协会（Drug-Free World Organization）是由山达基教会于2006年设立，总部位于美国加州洛杉矶的一个反毒宣传组织。山达基教会称该基金会作为山达基人在社会上做好事的例证之一[2]。同其他山达基外围组织一样，基金会财政由国际山达基人协会赞助，公共关系与新闻稿直接由教会办理[3]。教会新生活教育中心下属的那可拿戒毒中心也由其赞助和招募新人[4]。

无毒世界基金会的主要活动是，推出有争议性的“毒品的真相”系列小册子及“毒品的真相：真人真事”影片，影片介绍海洛因、大麻、古柯碱、安非他命等毒品药物，也提到处方药、酒精等药物。官方目的是“找出传统上会带来文明崩解的社会乱源，并且根据山达基教创始人L·罗恩·贺伯特的作品，注入解决之道，处理社会主要乱源。”[5]

批评者指责，基金会举办反毒活动时隐瞒其与山达基教会的直接关系，并试图将山达基理论引入校园[6][7][8][9]。而且反毒资料中参杂山达基宗教理论，并有错误的、无医学科学基础的内容[9]。其错误资讯包括“小量毒品会提神，大量毒品会镇定，所有毒品都一样”，以及声称古柯碱的戒断者会因失落而自杀等等危言耸听的言论[6]。

无毒世界基金会在刚果、墨西哥、哥伦比亚、台湾等健康教育欠缺的国家成功招募了新信徒，但在在美国等发达国家被广泛拒绝[10]。

无毒世界基金会在台湾以社团法人台湾无毒世界协会之名开展宣传活动，于民国104年10月4日由著名妇产科医师吴玉珍在高雄山达基教会成立。

山达基教净化理论

参见：净化程式和山达基 § 教义与活动

山达基教会以及其附属组织推出的“民俗疗法”及“偏方”在国外引起相当大的争议。[11][12][13]该理论毫无科学基础地四处宣称服下的药物将永远囤积在人体的脂肪中，但只要去洗三温暖且使用过量烟碱酸等维他命，就能逆转。医学专家严正驳斥这样的谬论，药物并不会储存在脂肪中就算有也是十分微量的，在统计学上无显著意义，更不可能透过洗三温暖“催汗”来代谢药物。 [14]截至2005年，医界的共识是：“山达基的所谓健康宣导内容，是毫无任何医学根据的。”[14]

山达基组织宣称主流的医学对于本组织的“偏方”存有偏见，因此那些“鼓吹用药的医学专家学者无法相信本组织能提供一种不需服药就能治百病的疗法。”[15] 本组织表示那些对于本组织的诋毁皆是肇因于自身的偏见人格所致。[16]也因此那些人是“药物滥用的拥护者，不是在吸毒就是在贩毒”。[17] 本组织的“旨在脱离药物使用”的偏方被专家学者形容为“从医学理论与实务上来说都是危险的、[18]强不知以为知[19][20][21] 以及假医治，真诈财（medical fraud）[22]”， 医学界专家也认为本组织的“教育计划”的内容“毫无医学知识可言，从基本的药物对生理、心理的交互作用及药物滥用都与具有科学实证的医学证据相违背，其中甚至连用词都出现张冠李戴的情形”。[23]

山达基在台湾已被合法认定为可免除税捐的宗教，于2014年获颁行政院奖且获内政部连续十年颁发全国绩优宗教团体奖，但在英国、加拿大、及中华人民共和国，山达基并没有宗教地位而是营利组织，德国、法国和俄罗斯将其认定为邪教。

与山达基和那可拿的关系

在2012年，加州圣安娜警察部门曾派发由无毒世界基金会提供的反毒小册子。记者致电小册子上的联络号码，并问在哪里可以得到药物滥用的帮助，他被引导至国际那可拿的旗舰——箭头戒治中心。那可拿是美国国税局认定的山达基教会相关单位。这些关系在报导登出后，圣安娜警察部门撤回小册子。[24]

2009年9月9日，一位费城北自由市居民在市政厅警察会议外发现由基金会出品的小册子，上面这样写着[25]：

第一步是要理解为什么一个人变得被毒品困着，在1969年5月，国际毒品危机达到高峰时，作家和人道主义者L.罗恩·贺伯特写道：“当一个人郁闷或疼痛时，他发现没有治疗可以得到身体上的解脱，他最终将会自己发现，毒品可以消除他的症状……” 染上毒瘾，也有真正的毒瘾解决方案，利用L·罗恩·贺伯特方法的那可拿戒毒程序，有超过75％的成功率……

在新墨西哥州拉斯克鲁塞斯，“无毒警官”计划始于2008年11月。无毒世界基金会提供了小册子，底部载有版权通知，是属于无毒世界基金会、那可拿、生活与教育改善协会，所有都是山达基有关单位。市长后发现反毒计划是由山达基教会创建和提供资金后，他道歉并结束计划。[26]

2005年，无毒世界基金会创立前一年，加州教育局对那可拿反毒教育进行评估，结论是其课程提供不准确和不科学的资料,可能导致学生有危险行为。教育局监督杰克·奥康内尔因此敦促所有加州学校禁止那可拿反毒教育计划[27]，加州医学协会宣布一致支持这决定[28]。基于加州评估报告，夏威夷及数州的教育官员没有允许那可拿进入公立学校[29]。报告全文在加州教育局的网站[30]，有关新闻记载在此网站[31]。

那可拿的反毒宣导因为渗入了山达基信仰和有不正确资料，在世界各地被拒绝。

无毒世界基金会的可信度

采用无毒世界基金会的资讯宜慎重考虑。因为该网站的资讯缺乏来源，无法进行查证，极有可能是原创研究。[32]

参考

  1. ^
  2. ^ 我聽說過山達基人對社會做了許多好事，有些什麼特定的例子呢？. [2013-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-09）. 
  3. ^ Drug Education Part of San Gabriel Valley Boy Scouts Expo. PRWeb. [2013-07-26]. 
  4. ^ Dulaney, Josh. Anti-drug Pamphlets Linked to Scientology Gone From Santa Ana Police Department. Orange County Weekly. 2012-05-16 [14 October 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-14）. 
  5. ^ 什麼是國際山達基人協會？. [2013-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-14）. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Weill, Kelly. School Accidentally Hired Church of Scientology-Backed Group to Teach Drug Education. The Daily Beast. 2017-05-14 [20 May 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-17）. 
  7. ^ Daly, Greg. Schools urged to be vigilant amid reports of targeting by 'cult'. The Irish Catholic. April 20, 2023 [18 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-04）. 
  8. ^ Haglage, Abby. Scientology Defends Its Anti-Weed Hokum. Daily Beast. 2015-01-30 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Mintz, Zoe. Parents Outraged After Scientology-Sponsored Group Delivers Anti-Drug Messages At New York City Schools. International Business Times. 2015-01-29 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  10. ^ Mathis-Lilley, Ben. A Scientology-Run Anti-Drug Group Works Extensively in New York City Schools. The Slate. 2015-01-28 [15 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-16）. 
  11. ^ Scientology Presents Narconon Program (PDF). Westlake Post. 30 April 1970 [2017-03-05]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）. "The conference presented current programs effective in alleviating drug problems. No program which employs drug or electric shock therapy was presented, as it has been discovered that groups which condone these techniques have only been pretending to be effective in drug rehabilitation", said Max Prudente, Scientology spokesman. ... "Based solely on the philosophy and tenets of Scientology, the applied religious philosophy, this program has achieved new and dramatic breakthroughs in the field of drug rehabilitation. Its nearly 85% success ratio has earned high praise from Governors, state and federal officials and correction authorities across the U.S., " Prudente said. 
  12. ^ The Four Basic Social Programs. The Hawaiian-American. 17 December 1975 [6 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-05）. We talked with Rev. Diana Harris, Pastor of the Church of Scientology of Hawaii ... and she gave us a complete background on the church's social programs for those in need in our community. ... Another community program the church offers is Narconon - a program designed to assist persons to get off drugs and to keep off drugs. The program was utilized in Oahu State Prison for a while and enjoyed a very high rate of success, according to Pastor Harris. They [Scientology] have been asked to consider re-introducing the program to the prison at a later date. 
  13. ^ NARCONON to give awards. The Phoenix Gazette. 19 May 1970 [6 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-05）. General information regarding the technology of Scientology, upon which NARCONON is based, can be secured from the Institute of Applied Philosophy 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Peters, Paul. Scientology Nation. Salt Lake City Weekly. 2008-07-10: 20–22, 24 [22 August 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-17）. 
  15. ^ SAN FRANCISCO / Church's drug program flunks S.F. test / Panel of experts finds Scientology's Narconon lectures outdated, inaccurate. SFGate. [2016-11-21]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-23）. 
  16. ^ Families question Scientology-linked drug rehab after recent deaths. NBCRock Center. 16 August 2012 [3 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-07）. 
  17. ^ Town Welcomes, Then Questions a Drug Project. New York Times. Associated Press. 17 July 1989: A13 [13 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-16）. 
  18. ^ Farley, Robert. Detox center seeks acceptance. St Petersburg Times. 30 March 2003. When Narconon opened its Chilocco facility in 1991, the Oklahoma Board of Mental Health issued a blistering assessment in denying its application for certification. "There is no credible evidence establishing the effectiveness of the Narconon program to its patients," the board concluded. It attacked the program as medically unsafe; dismissed the sauna program as unproven; and criticized Narconon for inappropriately taking some patients off prescribed psychiatric medication. 
  19. ^ Kyle Smith. DON'T BE TRICKED BY $CI-FI TOM-FOOLERY. New York Post. 20 April 2007 [20 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-22）. Those who want a tan from his celebrity glow will urge a fair hearing for his quackery. Obscure City Councilman Hiram Monserrate suddenly finds himself talked about after issuing a proclamation of huzzahs for L. Ron Hubbard. Three: The Ground Zero maladies are so baffling that workers will try anything. Anyone who feels better will credit any placebo at hand - whether Cruise or the Easter Bunny. In 1991, Time called Scientology's anti-drug program "Narconon" a "vehicle for drawing addicts into the cult" - which the magazine said "invented hundreds of goods and services for which members are urged to give up 'donations' " - such as $1,250 for advice on "moving swiftly up the Bridge" of enlightenment. That's New Age techno-gobbledygook for advice on buying swiftly up the Bridge of Brooklyn. Scientology fronts such as the New York Rescue Workers Detoxification Project - its Web site immediately recognizable as the work of Hubbardites by its logo, which looks like the cover of a Robert Heinlein paperback from 1971 - hint that their gimmicks might possibly interest anyone dreaming of weight loss, higher I.Q. or freedom from addiction. And you might be extra-specially interested if you've faced heart disease, cancer, Agent Orange or Chernobyl. As Mayor Bloomberg put it, Scientology "is not science." Nope. It's science fiction. 
  20. ^ Robert W. Welkos; Joel Sappell. Church Seeks Influence in Schools, Business, Science. Los Angeles Times. 27 June 1990 [13 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-10-23）. A fourth article did not mention Hubbard by name, but reported favorably on Narconon, his drug and alcohol rehabilitation program, which is run by Scientologists. 
  21. ^ 30 arrested in Paris crackdown on Scientologists. Agence France-Presse. 14 January 1992 [20 March 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-17）. About 30 Scientologists were arrested -- and 19 of them later indicted -- between May and October 1990 on charges of fraud, conspiracy to defraud and the illegal practice of medicine following the 1988 suicide of a church member in Lyon, eastern France. ... The sect has often found itself in trouble with officialdom the world over, accused of defrauding and brainwashing followers and, in France, of quackery at its illegal anti-drug clinics called "Narconon." 
  22. ^ Abgrall, Jean-Marie. Healing Or Stealing?: Medical Charlatans in the New Age (PDF). 2001: 193 [24 September 2012]. ISBN 1-892941-51-1. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-09）. Narconon, a subsidiary of Scientology, and the association “Yes to Life, No to Drugs” have also made a specialty of the fight against drugs and treating drug addicts. ... Drug addicts are just one of the Scientologists’ targets for recruitment. The offer of care and healing through techniques derived from dianetics is only a come-on. The detoxification of the patient by means of “dianetics purification” is more a matter of manipulation, through the general weakening that it causes; it is a way of brainwashing the subject. Frequently convicted for illegal practice of medicine, violence, fraud and slander, the Scientologists have more and more trouble getting people to accept their techniques as effective health measures, as they like to claim. They recommend their purification processes to eliminate X-rays and nuclear radiation, and to treat goiter and warts, hypertension and psoriasis, hemorrhoids and myopia. . . why would anyone find that hard to swallow? Scientology has built a library of several hundreds of volumes of writings exalting the effects of purification, and its disciples spew propaganda based on irresponsible medical writings by doctors who are more interested in the support provided by Scientology than in their patients’ well-being. On the other hand, responsible scientific reviews have long since “eliminated” dianetics and purification from the lists of therapies — relegating them to the great bazaar of medical fraud. ... Medical charlatans do not base their claims on scientific proof but, quite to the contrary, on peremptory assertions — the kind of assertions that they challenge when they come out of the mouths of those who defend “real” medicine. 
  23. ^ Asimov, Nanette. Church's drug program flunks S.F. test / Panel of experts finds Scientology's Narconon lectures outdated, inaccurate. San Francisco Chronicle. 2 October 2004 [7 September 2012]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-23）. The program, Narconon Drug Prevention & Education, "often exemplifies the outdated, non-evidence-based and sometimes factually inaccurate approach, which has not served students well for decades," concluded Steve Heilig, director of health and education for the San Francisco Medical Society. In his letter to Trish Bascom, director of health programs for the San Francisco Unified School District, Heilig said five independent experts in the field of drug abuse had helped him evaluate Narconon's curriculum. ... "One of our reviewers opined that 'this (curriculum) reads like a high school science paper pieced together from the Internet, and not very well at that,' " Heilig wrote Bascom. "Another wrote that 'my comments will be brief, as this proposal hardly merits detailed analysis.' Another stated, 'As a parent, I would not want my child to participate in this kind of 'education.' " Heilig's team evaluated Narconon against a recent study by Rodney Skager, a professor emeritus at UCLA's Graduate School of Education and Information Studies, describing what good anti-drug programs should offer students. "We concurred that ... the Narconon materials focus on some topics of lesser importance to the exclusion of best knowledge and practices," Heilig wrote, and that the curriculum contained "factual errors in basic concepts such as physical and mental effects, addiction and even spelling." 
  24. ^ Anti-drug Pamphlets Linked to Scientology Gone From Santa Ana Police Department. Orange County Weekly. [2013-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-20）. 
  25. ^ Isaiah Thompson. Did Scientologists infiltrate NoLibs town hall meeting?. Philadelphia City Paper. 2009-09-25 [2013-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-17）. 
  26. ^ Mayor abandons anti-drug program affiliated with Church of Scientology. Las Cruces Sun-News. [2013-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-20）. 
  27. ^ Nanette Asimov. Schools urged to drop antidrug program / Scientology-linked teachings inaccurate, superintendent says - SFGate. SFGate. 2005-02-23 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-15）. 
  28. ^ Nanette Asimov. Doctors back schools dropping flawed antidrug program. SFGate. 2005-03-27 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. 
  29. ^ Rosemarie Bernardo. Public schools will not host Narconon program. Honolulu Star-Bulletin News. 2005-06-11 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-24）. 
  30. ^ Deborah Wood. Narconon Drug Abuse Prevention Program Evaluation. Alcohol, Tobacco & Other Drug Prevention (CA Dept of Education). 2005 [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-22）. 
  31. ^ David Touretzky. Narconon in the San Francisco Schools. [2012-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. 
  32. ^ 無毒世界基金會台灣分會. [2012-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-05）. 

连结

检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=無毒世界基金會&oldid=85241015”