东部花栗鼠

东部花栗鼠
	东部花栗鼠
保护状况
	; 无危（IUCN 3.1）
	; 安全（NatureServe）
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	哺乳纲 Mammalia
目：	啮齿目 Rodentia
科：	松鼠科 Sciuridae
属：	花鼠属 Tamias
种：	东部花栗鼠 T. striatus
二名法
	Tamias striatus; (Linnaeus, 1758)
亚种
	T. s. striatus ; T. s. doorsiensis ; T. s. fisheri ; T. s. griseus ; T. s. lysteri ; T. s. ohioensis ; T. s. peninsulae ; T. s. pipilans ; T. s. quebecensis ; T. s. rufescens ; T. s. venustus ;
异名
	Sciurus striatus Linnaeus, 1758;

东部花栗鼠（学名：Tamias striatus）是分布于北美洲东部的一种花栗鼠，是花鼠属（Tamias）唯一的现生物种。花鼠属原本还包含其他种花栗鼠，但分子证据显示这些物种的关系不近，因此过去属于花鼠属的两个亚属Eutamias（英语：Eutamias）与Neotamias（英语：Neotamias）已被作为独立的新属^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]。东部花栗鼠最早于1743年由英国博物学家马克·盖茨比描述，1758年林奈在《自然系统》第十版将本种归入松鼠属，命名为Sciurus striatus，种小名意为“有条纹的”^[10]^[11]。1811年德国动物学家约翰·卡尔·威廉·伊利格订立新属花鼠属（Tamias），并将本种归入^[12]。

东部花栗鼠的体长可长至30公分（含尾巴），重约66—150公克^[13]，其背部毛色为红棕色，并具有五条平行的黑色条纹，腹部的毛色较浅，尾巴的毛色较深，比其他种花栗鼠少两颗牙齿^[14]。本种分布于美国东部与加拿大东南部的落叶林与公园中^[15]，善于爬树，但会在地上钻出复杂的坑道作窝，甚至可能为避免坑道被发现而以颊囊将挖出的土搬至别处^[16]。

参考文献

^ Cassola, F. Tamias striatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T42583A115191543 [errata version of 2016 assessment]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42583A22268905.en .
^ Tamias striatus. [NatureServe（英语：NatureServe） Explorer. [17 April 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-06-13）.
^ Thorington, R.W. Jr; Hoffman, R.S. "Tamias (Tamias) striatus".. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). (编). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005: 817. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
^ Tamias striatus. GBIF. Copenhagen, Denmark: GBIF Secretariat. [30 April 2022].
^ Patterson, Bruce D.; Norris, Ryan W. Towards a uniform nomenclature for ground squirrels: the status of the Holarctic chipmunks (PDF). Mammalia. 2016, 80 (3): 241–251 [2019-06-08]. S2CID 9955150. doi:10.1515/mammalia-2015-0004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-06-08）.
^ Wilson, D. E.; D. M. Reeder. Mammal Species of the World. 2005 [2007-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2007-06-23）.
^ Piaggio, A. J.; Spicer, G. S. Molecular phylogeny of the chipmunks inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase II gene sequences (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2001, 20 (3): 335–350 [2024-04-22]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.330.9046 . PMID 11527462. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0975. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2012-08-23）.
^ Piaggio, Antoinette J.; Spicer, Greg S. Molecular Phylogeny of the Chipmunk Genus Tamias Based on the Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II Gene (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 2000, 7 (3): 147–166 [2024-04-22]. S2CID 7623018. doi:10.1023/a:1009484302799. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-09-13）.
^ Musser, G. G.; Durden, L. A.; Holden, M. E.; Light, J. E. Systematic review of endemic Sulawesi squirrels (Rodentia, Sciuridae), with descriptions of new species of associated sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura), and phylogenetic and zoogeographic assessments of sciurid lice (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 2010, 339 (339): 1–260 [2024-04-22]. S2CID 82712592. doi:10.1206/695.1. hdl:2246/6067. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-04-30）.
^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, scĭūrus. A Latin Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1879. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）.
^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, S , strēnŭē , strĭo. A Latin Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1879. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）.
^ Wishner, Lawrence. Eastern Chipmunks: Secrets of Their Solitary Lives. 1982: 113. ISBN 978-0874749625.
^ Eastern chipmunk videos, photos and facts – Tamias striatus – ARKive. [26 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于3 December 2013）.
^ Eastern Chipmunk (PDF). West Virginia Wildlife Series. [2024-04-22]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-07-08）.
^ Long, John L. Introduced Mammals of the World: Their History, Distribution and Influence. Csiro Publishing. 2003-08-14 [2024-04-22]. ISBN 978-0-643-09916-6. （原始内容存档于2023-03-03）.
^ Chipmunks (PDF). Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management: B-14. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于29 August 2018）.

[iucn-1] Cassola, F. Tamias striatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T42583A115191543 [errata version of 2016 assessment]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42583A22268905.en .

[NatureServe-2] Tamias striatus. [NatureServe（英语：NatureServe） Explorer. [17 April 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-06-13）.

[3] Thorington, R.W. Jr; Hoffman, R.S. "Tamias (Tamias) striatus".. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). (编). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005: 817. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.

[4] Tamias striatus. GBIF. Copenhagen, Denmark: GBIF Secretariat. [30 April 2022].

[Patterson-5] Patterson, Bruce D.; Norris, Ryan W. Towards a uniform nomenclature for ground squirrels: the status of the Holarctic chipmunks (PDF). Mammalia. 2016, 80 (3): 241–251 [2019-06-08]. S2CID 9955150. doi:10.1515/mammalia-2015-0004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-06-08）.

[6] Wilson, D. E.; D. M. Reeder. Mammal Species of the World. 2005 [2007-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2007-06-23）.

[7] Piaggio, A. J.; Spicer, G. S. Molecular phylogeny of the chipmunks inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase II gene sequences (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2001, 20 (3): 335–350 [2024-04-22]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.330.9046 . PMID 11527462. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0975. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2012-08-23）.

[8] Piaggio, Antoinette J.; Spicer, Greg S. Molecular Phylogeny of the Chipmunk Genus Tamias Based on the Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II Gene (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 2000, 7 (3): 147–166 [2024-04-22]. S2CID 7623018. doi:10.1023/a:1009484302799. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-09-13）.

[9] Musser, G. G.; Durden, L. A.; Holden, M. E.; Light, J. E. Systematic review of endemic Sulawesi squirrels (Rodentia, Sciuridae), with descriptions of new species of associated sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura), and phylogenetic and zoogeographic assessments of sciurid lice (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 2010, 339 (339): 1–260 [2024-04-22]. S2CID 82712592. doi:10.1206/695.1. hdl:2246/6067. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-04-30）.

[10] Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, scĭūrus. A Latin Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1879. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）.

[11] Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, S , strēnŭē , strĭo. A Latin Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1879. （原始内容存档于2021-10-27）.

[Wishner_page_113-12] Wishner, Lawrence. Eastern Chipmunks: Secrets of Their Solitary Lives. 1982: 113. ISBN 978-0874749625.

[13] Eastern chipmunk videos, photos and facts – Tamias striatus – ARKive. [26 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于3 December 2013）.

[WV-14] Eastern Chipmunk (PDF). West Virginia Wildlife Series. [2024-04-22]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-07-08）.

[15] Long, John L. Introduced Mammals of the World: Their History, Distribution and Influence. Csiro Publishing. 2003-08-14 [2024-04-22]. ISBN 978-0-643-09916-6. （原始内容存档于2023-03-03）.

[Ark-16] Chipmunks (PDF). Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management: B-14. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于29 August 2018）.

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分类单元识别码
Tamias striatus	维基数据: Q692664 维基物种: Tamias striatus ADW: Tamias_striatus ARKive: tamias-striatus BOLD: 12270 EoL: 311526 EPPO: TAMIST Fossilworks: 52031 GBIF: 2437438 iNaturalist: 46217 IRMNG: 11111171 ITIS: 180207 IUCN: 42583 MSW: 12401228 NBN: NHMSYS0021109806 NCBI: 45474 ODNR: eastern-chipmunk uBio: 109460
Sciurus striatus	维基数据: Q19666468 GBIF: 9604153