古代北部东亚人

在考古人类学与古遗传学中，古代北部东亚人（英语：Ancient Northern East Asian，ANEA），也被称为北东亚人（Northern East Asian，NEA）、东亚北部人群，是生存在亚洲东部，贝加尔湖区域至黄河流域，以至于秦岭—淮河线以北，的古代人类^[1]^[2] 。一般认为他们在公元前20,000年至26,000年之间，从古代南方东亚人（ASEA）之中分离出来，成为独立族群^[1]^[3]^[4]^[5]。

古代北部东亚人之中，又可以被大致区分出三个次族群，分别为古代东北亚人（英语：Ancient Northeast Asian），新西伯利亚人（Neo-Siberians）与黄河农人（Yellow River farmers）。

概论

注释

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Zhang, Ming; Fu, Qiaomei. Human evolutionary history in Eastern Eurasia using insights from ancient DNA. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. Genetics of Human Origin. 1 June 2020, 62: 78–84. ISSN 0959-437X. PMID 32688244. S2CID 220671047. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.009 （英语）.
^ Yang, Melinda A.; Fan, Xuechun; Sun, Bo; Chen, Chungyu; Lang, Jianfeng; Ko, Ying-Chin; Tsang, Cheng-hwa; Chiu, Hunglin; Wang, Tianyi; Bao, Qingchuan; Wu, Xiaohong; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Ko, Albert Min-Shan; Ding, Manyu; Cao, Peng. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China. Science. 17 July 2020, 369 (6501): 282–288. Bibcode:2020Sci...369..282Y. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 32409524. S2CID 218649510. doi:10.1126/science.aba0909 （英语）.
^ Yang, Melinda A.; Fan, Xuechun; Sun, Bo; Chen, Chungyu; Lang, Jianfeng; Ko, Ying-Chin; Tsang, Cheng-Hwa; Chiu, Hunglin; Wang, Tianyi; Bao, Qingchuan; Wu, Xiaohong; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Ko, Albert Min-Shan; Ding, Manyu; Cao, Peng. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China. Science. 17 July 2020, 369 (6501): 282–288. Bibcode:2020Sci...369..282Y. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 32409524. S2CID 218649510. doi:10.1126/science.aba0909.
^ Gakuhari, Takashi; Nakagome, Shigeki; Rasmussen, Simon; Allentoft, Morten E.; Sato, Takehiro; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Chuinneagáin, Blánaid Ní; Matsumae, Hiromi; Koganebuchi, Kae; Schmidt, Ryan; Mizushima, Souichiro; Kondo, Osamu; Shigehara, Nobuo; Yoneda, Minoru; Kimura, Ryosuke. Ancient Jomon genome sequence analysis sheds light on migration patterns of early East Asian populations. Communications Biology. 25 August 2020, 3 (1): 437. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 7447786 . PMID 32843717. doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01162-2 （英语）.
^ Mao, Xiaowei; Zhang, Hucai; Qiao, Shiyu; Liu, Yichen; Chang, Fengqin; Xie, Ping; Zhang, Ming; Wang, Tianyi; Li, Mian; Cao, Peng; Yang, Ruowei; Liu, Feng; Dai, Qingyan; Feng, Xiaotian; Ping, Wanjing. The deep population history of northern East Asia from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Cell. 10 June 2021, 184 (12): 3256–3266.e13. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 34048699. S2CID 235226413. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.040  （英语）.

[Zhang_and_Fu-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Zhang, Ming; Fu, Qiaomei. Human evolutionary history in Eastern Eurasia using insights from ancient DNA. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. Genetics of Human Origin. 1 June 2020, 62: 78–84. ISSN 0959-437X. PMID 32688244. S2CID 220671047. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.009 （英语）.

[2] Yang, Melinda A.; Fan, Xuechun; Sun, Bo; Chen, Chungyu; Lang, Jianfeng; Ko, Ying-Chin; Tsang, Cheng-hwa; Chiu, Hunglin; Wang, Tianyi; Bao, Qingchuan; Wu, Xiaohong; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Ko, Albert Min-Shan; Ding, Manyu; Cao, Peng. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China. Science. 17 July 2020, 369 (6501): 282–288. Bibcode:2020Sci...369..282Y. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 32409524. S2CID 218649510. doi:10.1126/science.aba0909 （英语）.

[Yang_282–288-3] Yang, Melinda A.; Fan, Xuechun; Sun, Bo; Chen, Chungyu; Lang, Jianfeng; Ko, Ying-Chin; Tsang, Cheng-Hwa; Chiu, Hunglin; Wang, Tianyi; Bao, Qingchuan; Wu, Xiaohong; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Ko, Albert Min-Shan; Ding, Manyu; Cao, Peng. Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China. Science. 17 July 2020, 369 (6501): 282–288. Bibcode:2020Sci...369..282Y. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 32409524. S2CID 218649510. doi:10.1126/science.aba0909.

[4] Gakuhari, Takashi; Nakagome, Shigeki; Rasmussen, Simon; Allentoft, Morten E.; Sato, Takehiro; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Chuinneagáin, Blánaid Ní; Matsumae, Hiromi; Koganebuchi, Kae; Schmidt, Ryan; Mizushima, Souichiro; Kondo, Osamu; Shigehara, Nobuo; Yoneda, Minoru; Kimura, Ryosuke. Ancient Jomon genome sequence analysis sheds light on migration patterns of early East Asian populations. Communications Biology. 25 August 2020, 3 (1): 437. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 7447786 . PMID 32843717. doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01162-2 （英语）.

[5] Mao, Xiaowei; Zhang, Hucai; Qiao, Shiyu; Liu, Yichen; Chang, Fengqin; Xie, Ping; Zhang, Ming; Wang, Tianyi; Li, Mian; Cao, Peng; Yang, Ruowei; Liu, Feng; Dai, Qingyan; Feng, Xiaotian; Ping, Wanjing. The deep population history of northern East Asia from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Cell. 10 June 2021, 184 (12): 3256–3266.e13. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 34048699. S2CID 235226413. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.040  （英语）.

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