维基百科:公有领域的图像资源

这里有很多万维网上公共领域图片的来源。

这个列表并不保证里面的任何图片都属于公共领域。您在维基百科上使用之前，有责任检查图片的版权状态。

请阅读关于图片使用的要求和建议： Wikipedia:文件使用方针……

参见：

（公共资源）
（图像上传）

物体

飞机

考古发现

基督教神学院

建筑

http://www.washjeff.edu/capl/category_list.asp?cat=major&id=16

汽车

大轿车

http://www.washjeff.edu/capl/category_list.asp?cat=sub&id=44

基督教

http://www.thebiblerevival.com/clipart.htm

电子计算机

8BS.com - Many PD images of various Acorn/BBC computers. Please tag with {{PD-8BS}}

食品

家具

http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/1/2/2/5/12254/12254-h/12254-h.htm

人造卫星

船舶

动植物

动物

FreeQration.com - 公共域图片(or CC0)(over 在2,000,000 Public domain images without any limitations - for private and commercial use)
Picdrome Public domain photos.
Pixabay.com - 公共域图片 (Public domain images without any limitations - for private and commercial use)
Photostockeditor.com.com - (Public domain images CC0)
TotallyFreeImages.com - 在400.000完全免费的图片!
http://freefotos.lu/
Large collection of valuable free stock photos
4 Free Photos Public domain images.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/index.html
Pixnio – 公共域图片
http://pdphoto.org/
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/1-animal.htm
http://www.usda.gov/oc/photo/opclibra.htm
http://images.fws.gov/
http://www.nps.gov/yell/press/images/
http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse_2001/africaimages.html
~~http://schmode.net/ Selection of animal photos, released in the public domain by the photographer~~ - Temporaraly Down Due To Permissions Problem (As Of January 13 2005)
http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/default.asp 美国疾病控制预防中心，包括传播疾病的动物、细菌、病毒、寄生虫等图片

鸟类

1905年的鸟类图片
Citizen Bird 鸟类黑白图片
50种城市中生活的鸟公共领域图片

鱼类

昆虫

植物

海景/雪景

Sea
Snow

农村

花果蔬菜

药草

http://www.rootgrafix.com/herbalnexus/photos.htm

微生物

http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Science_Internet/TI_2001E/index.html - Protists
http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/default.asp Public Health Image Library from CDC: micrographs of protists, bacteria, viruses related to public health; photos of infections. Searchable by category or keyword

自然/科学

化学

http://157.98.10.135/Main_Pages/pub-Structures-list-tr.html (structure diagrams of toxic substances)
http://cactus.nci.nih.gov/services/gifcreator/ Will generate (copyright kosher) GIFs or PNGs from molecular description files of many formats. Use {{CACTVSGIF}} for copyright on image page. Valid input formats include: MDL Molfile (or SD files), PDB, JCAMP/CS, CIF (Chiron interchange format, not Crystallographic formats), MDL RXN (Reaction file), RDF (Reaction Data File format), XYZ, SMD4, SMD5, CTX, CACTVS (binary, ascii, cbase), SMILES (including SMARTS subset), Compass, 441, Gaussian/Input, Gaussian/Archive, SCF, SHEL-X, XTEL (XTELPlot input format), Cerius (Ascii exchange format of CeriusII Toolkit), Sharc (SHift ARChives format), Alchemy, Hyperchem, Molconn-Z, Sybyl, Sybyl2, SLN (Sybyl line notation).
German mirror to the above: http://www2.ccc.uni-erlangen.de/services/gifcreator/
ChemIDplus from the National Library of Medicine (structure diagrams)
Crystal structures (http://cst-www.nrl.navy.mil/lattice/)
Minerals (http://resourcescommittee.house.gov/subcommittees/emr/usgsweb/photogallery/)

地貌(山脉、沙漠、火山口等)

医药

Johns Hopkins Autopsy Resource (JHAR) Image Archive
Public domain cytology photomicrographs, courtesy of Dr. Andrew Borkowski.
Public domain dermatopathology photomicrographs, courtesy of Dr. Grace F. Kao.
Historical anatomical drawings
Historical Anatomies on the Web - historical anatomical drawings (courtesy National Institutes of Health)
Dream Anatomy gallery
Public Health Image Library from CDC: photos of numerous diseases, including microscopic material; pathogens and vectors; medical techniques and equipment. Searchable by category or keyword
1918 edition of Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body contains various illustrations.

物理

Physics for Free: Public domain physics textbook in pdf format with illustrations

宇宙(行星、恒星、银河系等)、宇航

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/ STScI Publication of public domain photography taken by the Hubble Space Telescope (copyright notice)
http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ Great Images in NASA library of images.
http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/picturegallery/index.shtml Gallery for the Spitzer Space Telescope (used to discover Sedna) at JPL
http://oposite.stsci.edu/pubinfo/SubjectT.html
http://nix.nasa.gov/ NIX: NASA Image eXchange
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/ NASA planetary image catalog
http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/ NASA image gallery
http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/ Johnson Space Center digital image collection
http://www.donaldedavis.com/PARTS/allyours.html Public domain works done for NASA by Don Davis: high-resolution scans of space-related paintings.
http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/2mass/gallery/index.html 2MASS Atlas Image Gallery (public domain images, acknowledgment required)

水下

http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/nurp/index.html
Ocean Explorer Gallery - pictures, movies, and slideshows from NOAA expeditions

美国国家公园

http://photo.itc.nps.gov/storage/images/index.html National Park Service Digital Image Index
http://www2.nature.nps.gov/grd/cfprojects/photodb/Photo_search.cfm
http://www.nps.gov/bibe/photogallery/photogallery.htm

气候

http://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/sseop/efs/atmo.htm
http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/nssl/
http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/historic/nws/index.html
http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/torscans.htm NOAA pictures of tornadoes

历史

历史图片

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ammemhome.html Library of Congress American Memory site (Check copyright information for the separate items before deciding to use them!)
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/ - public domain images of American Political History
http://www.exclassics.com/newgate/ngillus.htm Images from The Newgate Calendar. Mostly crimes and criminals from the 18th century. Also other works at http://www.exclassics.com
http://www.holoweb.net/~liam/pictures/oldbooks/ Collection images scanned from various books published before 1923 and thus in the public domain.
http://www.john-leech-archive.org.uk/ John Leech sketch archives 1841 until 1864 from Punch magazine The page states they are long out of copyright and that they are believed to be public domain.

具体年代

World War II Poster Collection over 300 posters issued by U.S. Federal agencies
Photos of the Great War many images of World War I, scanned in from public domain resources. Slight usage notice, which is probably compatible with GFDL (requires attribution and link, as does GFDL, requests e-mail notice of usage).
The Heritage of the Great War has several colour pictures from World War I (likely all PD, since the effort taken to scan/reproduce them probably fails to qualify for being a derivative work).
World's Armed Forces Forum (gallery for images taken from the French Ministry of Culture's website) hosts more colour images of World War I (likely all PD, since the effort taken to scan/reproduce them probably fails to qualify for being a derivative work).
http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/ Child Labor in america 1908 - 1912 by Lewis W. Hine

人物

http://www.lib.utexas.edu/photodraw/portraits/index.html - A selection of portraits of historical figures
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/ - A collection of over 500 public domain images of American Political History
http://www.sonoma.edu/psychology/psychart.htm Public domain drawings of famous psychologists. Some better than others.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/daghtml/daghome.html - more than 700 Daguerreotypes 1839 - 1864 (mostly portraits)
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/vvhtml/vvhome.html Creative Americans 1932 - 1964, photographs by Carl Van Vechten; 1400 public domain portrait photos
http://www.marxists.org/glossary/ modern philosophers' photographs.There are also many photographs other than Marxists.
http://www.loc.gov/rr/print Portraits of famous people, Library of Congress (not all public domain; remember, anything prior to 1923 is, and post-1922 images on the site that are copyright free are indicated)
http://www.france.diplomatie.fr/photos/index.gb.html - portraits of many current heads of state and political figures. Images are free usable but should be credited to "Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Photographic Service"
http://www.radiobras.gov.br/ (click "Fotografias" for today's) - Agência Brasil makes news photos available free of charge. List credit as "Photographer's_Name/ABr". Requires log-in, hard to navigate, but plenty of quality pics.
http://www.generalsandbrevets.com - portraits of all the generals (+1,000) of the American Civil War.
http://www.noelcollection.org/noel/noelimag.html - Noel Collection Image Bank asks for a backlink and non-commercial use but almost all are pre-1923 and so PD

电影

http://www.archive.org/movies/ - historical movies. (Check rights before using! The Prelinger Archives are clear for reuse, but the other movie collections may not be. - Andre Engels)

场所

城市

http://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/

电子地图数据

CIA World Data Bank II: available from http://www.evl.uic.edu/pape/data/WDB/ and from http://www.246.dk/ciaworld.html

地图

David Rumsey Historical Map Collection over 11,000 ultra-high quality maps, focusing on rare 18th and 19th century North and South America maps and other cartographic materials. Highly recommended.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/gmdhome.html Library of Congress digital map archive 1500-2002 (some maps under copyright)
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hep10/nhs/ U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration maps of the National Highway System (NHS)
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/index.html PCL Map Collection
http://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mapit/ Automatic public domain map generating program
http://www.aquarius.geomar.de/omc/ Public domain map generator
http://maps.mygeo.info Collection of CIA World Factbook maps since 1997; all in public domain

南极

http://photolibrary.usap.gov

孟加拉

http://bdesh.info/photos

博茨瓦纳

http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse_2001/africaimages.html

加拿大

http://www.imagescanada.ca Check rights!
http://www.archives.ca
http://www.ccdmd.qc.ca/quebec/ Le Québec en images

古巴

捷克

http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/Prague.htm Prague

埃及

http://www.cts.edu/ImageLibrary/Egypt.cfm

芬兰

http://www.lib.helsinki.fi/memory/helmie.html

法国

德国

http://www.washjeff.edu/capl/ (Contributions accepted)

(contributed by Art Lader)

加纳

http://www.cts.edu/FacHomePages/imagelibrary/ghana.htm

印度

http://www.hindubooks.org/sudheer_birodkar/hindu_history/freegraphics.html - A non-profit site about India
http://www.historylink102.com/india/india-art.htm - free images about the People and Art of India. Users should credit them and link back to their URL.

伊朗

http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse99/iranimages.html

爱尔兰

http://pdphoto.org/

以色列

http://www.cts.edu/FacHomePages/imagelibrary/Isreal_slides.htm

意大利

日本

墨西哥

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/detroit/detrSubjects29.html

挪威

http://cefirelda.infoville.net/album/seccion.asp?idseccion=5213

巴基斯坦

http://www.tourism.gov.pk/img_gallery.html

巴拿马

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/detroit/dethome.html

南非

http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse_2001/africaimages.html

西班牙

http://cefirelda.infoville.net/album/index.asp

瑞士

http://www.picswiss.ch/ (in German) - the photographer has given explicit permission to GFDL the online images, which are lower-res than the ones he sells - see de:Benutzer:Voyager/Picswiss for the relevant email (also in German)

英国

http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~cookian/html/imagelib.html (mostly Arundel Castle)
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/England.htm for private or commercial use

美国

Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record, 1933-Present - from the Library of Congress.

底特律

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/detroit/dethome.html

纽约

http://www.empirestateroads.com/maps/

佛蒙特

http://www.vtweb.com/foliage/thumbs00.shtml

华盛顿

http://content.lib.washington.edu/pacificsearch.html (check to see if indiv. collections are public domain)

乌兹别克

http://www.uzland.uz/ "Copying, reproduction and use of any materials from UzLand are allowed with attribution to this site."

越南

http://cefirelda.infoville.net/album/noticia.asp?idnoticia=29470

西印度群岛

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/detroit/dethome.html

赞比亚

http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse_2001/africaimages.html

津巴布韦

http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/eclipse_2001/africaimages.html

其他

PhoozWikiA Wiki for Photographers to document local views/locations.
http://pdfoto.com - Various locations
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/1-Europe.htm - Europe

艺术

http://www.artrenewal.org/asp/database/contents.asp - Images of the works of more than 2,600 realist painters many in the public domain, check catalogue for dates of works and artists.
http://www.historylink102.com/india/india-art.htm - free images about the People and Art of India. Users should credit them and link back to their URL.
http://www.pdfoto.com - Free for commercial use. 3D and Digital Art as well as public domain photos. All images are organized by catagory.

视觉艺术

Note: Accurate photographs of visual artworks lack expressive content and are automatically in the public domain once the painting's copyright has expired (which it has in the US if it was published before 1923). All other copyright notices can safely be ignored.

The National Gallery, London(requires Java plugin for large versions)
The Louvre
http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/
http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/
http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/
http://sunsite.dk/cgfa/
Foto Search: Royalty Free Photo Library

音乐

http://www.ibiblio.org/mutopia/

旗帜和标志

http://www.sodipodi.com/index.php3?section=clipart/flags&area=flags 376 (at last count) public-domain flags (many national, some regional) in SVG format. Can be easily rasterized into high-quality PNGs.
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/ CIA World Factbook
http://www.brandsoftheworld.com Logotypes of brands from all over the world - all downloadable as EPSs.

运动

http://www.igs.net/~bmitchell/Tennis/tennis.htm - Photo gallery of women's tennis players. Photos taken by bmitchell are specially marked and free to be used with credit and link back to the site. (Photo's offline since october 2004).
http://www.stervanwalcheren.nl/ (see http://www.stervanwalcheren.nl/2003/fotos03.php for the photos) - Site of a Dutch ladies' cycling tournament. All pictures copyright Frans Meijer, but may be copied provided the source is acknowledged.

美国邮票

While not technically public domain after 1978 (all stamps before that are in the public domain) the USPS has a liberal licensing policy regarding stamps. The United States Postal Service retains copyright to stamps under Title 17 of the United States Code. The Domestic Mail Manual, G013 Trademarks and Copyrights, states that while "The USPS secures copyrights in its philatelic designs and certain publications. The designs of postage stamps, stamped envelopes, stamped cards, aerogrammes, souvenir cards, and other philatelic items issued on or after January 1, 1978, are copyrighted by the USPS under title 17 USC." The USPS licenses certain copyrighted material to the public, however, thus:

The use of illustrations of the designs covered by such copyrights is permitted:

a. In editorial matter in newspapers, magazines, journals, books, philatelic catalogs, and philatelic albums.

For the full document, see: http://pe.usps.gov/text/DMM/g013.htm.

An encyclopedia is considered a book, therefore, Wikipedia, an on-line encyclopedia, could be considered within this permitted use. However Wikipedia is licensed under the GFDL and as such "permitted use" for Wikipedia alone is not enough. It should also be "permitted use" for all derivative works.

收藏

LibreShot.com - 免费的照片用于商业和非商业用途。知识共享组织（CC BY-SA2.0）。
The Wonderlusters - Collection of 15,000+ free high-resolution travel photos from all over the world under Creative Commons.
Photos8.com - Large collection of High Resolution photos and wallpapers, Thousands of high quality public domain pictures.
skitterphoto.com Daily added free to use and modify photographs, published under Creative Commons CC0 license (no rights reserved).
http://www.public-domain-photos.com - 5000 public domain photos in hight quality. All for commercial and personal use.
Public Domain Cliparts Over 8000 public domain cliparts - all with no copyright restrictions and svg source..
http://www.sunipix.com - Free photos for personal and business use.
http://www.morguefile.com - Over 58,000 free high resolution reference photos. All images are organized by category and keyword search and are free for commercial use. No registration needed.
http://cefirelda.infoville.net/album/index.asp - Collection of free photos. 17.000 Photos of over 30 countries and several categories for educational purposes. (Website in Spanish)
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/ - Collection of free stock photos of nature and European cities.
http://www.gutenberg.net/catalog/ - Project Gutenberg: 12,000+ books, only a few illustrated, but the number of illustrated books increases from week to week. There are thousands upon thousands of PD images to be had, with a wee bit of legwork and a modicum of serendipity.
http://gallica.bnf.fr/ - Digital documents from the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (BNF). (website is in French)
http://geekphilosopher.com/MainPage/photos.htm - Collection of public domain photos organized by category.
http://gimp-savvy.com/PHOTO-ARCHIVE/ - GIMP Archive: 32,000 Royalty-free photos, organized by keyword.
http://www.gnuart.net - GNU Art.
http://www.openclipart.org/ - This project aims to create an archive of clip art that can be used for free for any use. The clip art is public domain and stored in the W3C scalable vector graphics (SVG) format.
openphoto.net - http://www.openphoto.net/ -- Creative Commons not public domain licensed.
http://www.pdfoto.com/ - Public Domain photography and art website. Small but growing fast with over 25,000 images to be uploaded. All images are organized by category and free for commercial use.
http://www.pixeleye.com Pixeleye.com - Pictures from the Montafon Valley. Collection of public domain photos organized by category.
http://www.pdimages.com/web6.htm - Random assortment of Public Domain images.
http://pdphoto.org/ - Large collection of mostly public domain photos. Read the license for each picture before use; also, model releases may not have been obtained for all photos.
http://www.logodesignweb.com/stockphoto/ - Small but growing public domain stock photos released by photographer.
http://srufaculty.sru.edu/david.dailey/public/public_domain.htm - Scanned and colorised etchings claimed to be PD images.

If any page or image seems missing, replace http://www.sru.edu/depts/cisba/compsci/dailey in its URI with http://srufaculty.sru.edu/david.dailey/

http://www.pixelquelle.de - 6,700 pictures in various categories. -- License requires attribution and forbids use for certain cases, e.g. for image catalogs, therefor non-GFDL
http://www.picturestation.net - Picturestation: over 4,000 free photos
http://www.lamediterrania.org - La Mediterrania: Public database of photos from various categories. Only personal use.
http://www.sxc.hu/ - Huge selection of user-contributed photos. Read the license for each picture before use, all are subject to the SXC terms of use.
http://www.openphoto.tk/ - Open Photography: Growing collection of public domain photos and articles.

Public Domain Spain Pictures - Public Domain Spain Photo Gallery, Public domain pictures of Spain, Copyrights-free photo archive containing the collection of free, public domain images and photos of Spain

综合

http://www.mathpuzzle.com/loyd/ Images of pages of a 1914 book of puzzles
http://flag.blackened.net/anarpics/ - Images of anarchists and anarchist symbols
http://www.angelfire.com/pa2/sacredspiral/ - Public Domain Pagan Clipart
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/1-object.htm - Image collection of objects
http://content.lib.washington.edu/costumehistweb/index.html - fashion plate archive
http://www.uprr.com/aboutup/photos/ - Thousands of photographs from as early as 1860 taken by employees of the Union Pacific railroad
http://www.john-leech-archive.org.uk/ - John Leech Sketch archives from Punch magazine. The page states they are long out of copyright and that they are believed to be public domain.
http://www.cepolina.com/freephoto/tt/1-fireworks.htm - Fireworks photos from Italy

公共领域电子图片

http://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mapit/ - Automatic public domain map generating program
http://www.aquarius.geomar.de/omc/omc_intro.html - another one
http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/cin/index-e.html - Canadian Illustrated News, 1869-1883 Note: should be cited in the Images page as: "[list full source]. Reproduced from the National Library of Canada's website (www.nlc-bnc.ca)."

多来源的公共领域图片

PxHere摄影图库
http://www.wfu.edu/~tedforrl/imagcoll.html
http://www.washjeff.edu/german/imagemining/ (Image resources by category for German speaking world)
http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/links/clipart.html (a lengthy list of categorised links to other public domain image sources, many of those links don't work though)
http://dmoz.org/Computers/Graphics/Clip_Art/Public_Domain/ (a list of links to sites with public domain clip art)

Dover Publications has many, many books of copyright-free illustrations. Search on "copyright-free", "clip art" or "Pictorial Archive". These are hard copy and would have to be scanned, but they cover everything. You have to buy the books or borrow them from the library; the art is free. Here are just a few examples:

Plants: 2,400 Copyright-Free Illustrations of Flowers, Trees, Fruits and Vegetables
Animals: 1,419 Copyright-Free Illustrations of Mammals, Birds, Fish, Insects, etc.
Ready-to-Use Illustrations of World-Famous Places: 109 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Illustrations of Pets: 96 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Illustrations of Appliances and Electronics: 98 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Portraits of Famous People: 121 Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Mammals Illustrations: 98 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Illustrations of Marine Animals: 96 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Authentic Civil War Illustrations: 245 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Bird Illustrations: 98 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Flower Illustrations: 96 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Endangered Animals Illustrations: 96 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Ready-to-Use Medieval Herb, Plant and Flower Illustrations: 294 Different Copyright-Free Designs
Airplanes of the Second World War Coloring Book 46 accurate illustrations copyright-free.

Weapons and Armor, 1400 copyright-free illustrations of battle-axes, bows & arrows, cannons, more
Transportation, 525 copyright-free illustrations include trains, trolleys, cars, ships, airplanes, many other vehicles.

未分类

美国政府网站

http://memory.loc.gov/ - U.S. Library of Congress digital image archive. (Some images are still under copyright, so caveat emptor.)
http://olpaimages.nsf.gov/index.html - The National Science Foundation Image Library: Really great resource for all sorts of science imagery. Must fill out form to download, but most images are for public use as long as attributed. You can use {{NSFIL}} for copyright tagging (don't forget attribution).
http://pictures.fws.gov/ - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service pictures
http://images.fws.gov/ - More U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service imagery
http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/ - NOAA Photo Library
http://images.usace.army.mil/ - United States Army Corps of Engineers Digital Visual Library
http://photolibrary.usap.gov/ - Antarctic Photo Library

Other sites:

http://www.sru.edu/depts/cisba/compsci/dailey/public/public_domain.htm
http://images.google.com - search for images on government sites; this still requires one to check the copyright status of each image.

物体

飞机