TORRO等级
TORRO等级(英语:TORRO tornado intensity scale,简写为T-scale),是一种以等级T0-T11来区分龙卷风强度的评估系统。这个系统是由英国气象组织“龙卷风与风暴研究组织”(Torro)的Terence Meaden提出的,并可作为蒲福等级的延伸。
T0一般无法对村庄造成危害,而T11表示在人类历史中观测到最大强度的龙卷风。
参考文献
- Grazulis, Thomas P. Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991, A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, VT: The Tornado Project of Environmental Films. 1993. ISBN 1-879362-03-1.
- Meaden, G. T. Tornadoes in Britain: Their intensities and distribution in space and time. Journal of Meteorology (UK). 1976, 1 (8): 242–51.
- Meaden, G. T. A study of tornadoes in Britain, with assessments of the general tornado risk potential and the specific risk potential at particular regional sites. Journal of Meteorology (UK). 1985, 8 (79): 151–3.