斑纹隐小鳉

斑纹隐小鳉
保护状况
	; 无危（IUCN 3.1）
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目：	鳉形目 Cyprinodontiformes
科：	鰕鳉科 Aplocheilidae
属：	隐小鳉属 Kryptolebias
种：	斑纹隐小鳉 K. marmoratus
二名法
	Kryptolebias marmoratus; Poey, 1880
异名
	Rivulus marmoratus, Poey, 1880; Rivulus heyei, Nichols, 1914; Rivulus marmoratus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958; Rivulus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958; Rivulus garciai, de la Cruz & Dubitsky, 1976;

斑纹隐小鳉，又称北美红树林鳉鱼（mangrove killifish），为辐鳍鱼纲鲤齿目鰕鳉亚目鰕鳉科的其中一种，为热带淡水鱼，分布于加勒比海沿岸，自美国东南部的佛罗里达至巴西等地。栖息在泥底质的河口区、沼泽湿地、沟渠、水塘淡水及半咸水水域。此鱼能忍受低溶氧环境，体长可达7.5公分，可做为观赏鱼。^[1]

斑纹隐小鳉性成熟时的体长约为1.7公分。此鱼性别含雌雄同体与公鱼两种。其中，雌雄同体的个体可自体受精产生下一代。公鱼则又可再分为初级公鱼与次级公鱼。初级公鱼指性成熟时即为公鱼，目前研究显示若孵化期间温度低于摄氏20度，即可能产生初级公鱼。而次级公鱼则指个体原先为雌雄同体，在雌性器官退化后即变为公鱼。^[2]

此鱼在野外多躲藏于湿枝叶下方或陆生蟹的巢洞中^[3]；而离开水体的个体，其鳃盖会停止运动，借由扩张表皮与鱼鳍上的毛细血管网来呼吸。^[4]

在实验室观察中显示，两只斑纹隐小鳉相遇时会表现明显的攻击性及打斗行为，且其攻击性及打斗行为已被证实会受前次打斗获胜/落败经验所影响（胜者效应/败者效应）。^[5]

参考资料

^ Taylor, D. S. (2012). "Twenty-Four Years in the Mud: What Have We Learned About the Natural History and Ecology of the Mangrove Rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus?" Integrative and Comparative Biology.
^ Taylor, D. S. 2001. "Physical variability and fluctuating asymmetry in heterozygous and homozygous populations of Rivulus marmoratus." Canadian journal of zoology
^ Taylor, D. S. 1992. "Diet of the killifish Rivulus marmoratzu collected from land crab burrows, with further ecological notes." Environmental Biology of Fishes
^ Grizzle, J. M., & Thiyagarajah, A. 1987. "Skin histology of Rivulus ocellatus marmoratus: apparent adaptation for aerial respiration." Copeia,
^ Hsu, Y. & Wolf, L. L. 1999. "The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences." Animal Behaviour.

参考文献

Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) (2014). Kryptolebias marmoratus. FishBase. Version 2014-08.

扩展阅读

维基物种上的相关信息：斑纹隐小鳉

[1] Taylor, D. S. (2012). "Twenty-Four Years in the Mud: What Have We Learned About the Natural History and Ecology of the Mangrove Rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus?" Integrative and Comparative Biology.

[2] Taylor, D. S. 2001. "Physical variability and fluctuating asymmetry in heterozygous and homozygous populations of Rivulus marmoratus." Canadian journal of zoology

[3] Taylor, D. S. 1992. "Diet of the killifish Rivulus marmoratzu collected from land crab burrows, with further ecological notes." Environmental Biology of Fishes

[4] Grizzle, J. M., & Thiyagarajah, A. 1987. "Skin histology of Rivulus ocellatus marmoratus: apparent adaptation for aerial respiration." Copeia,

[5] Hsu, Y. & Wolf, L. L. 1999. "The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences." Animal Behaviour.

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