意志力薄弱

这是一篇与哲学相关的小作品。您可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。

意志力薄弱（希腊语 ἀκρασία/akrasia。有时音译为 acrasia，英语中也作 acrasy 或 acracy）是一个古希腊哲学词汇，指是缺乏自我控制，或违背自己的判断力行事。

参考资料

Adler, J.E. Akratic Believing?. Philosophical Studies. July 2002, 110 (1): 1–27. S2CID 189775373. doi:10.1023/A:1019823330245.
Arpaly, N. On Acting Rationally against One's Best Judgement. Ethics. April 2000, 110 (3): 488–513. S2CID 170712803. doi:10.1086/233321.
Arpaly, N.; Schroeder, T. Praise, Blame and the Whole Self. Philosophical Studies. February 1999, 93 (2): 161–188. S2CID 170234461. doi:10.1023/A:1004222928272.
Audi, R. Weakness of Will and Practical Judgment. Noûs. May 1979, 13 (2): 173–196. JSTOR 2214396. doi:10.2307/2214396.
Bovens, L. The Two Faces of Akratics Anonymous. Analysis. October 1999, 59 (4): 230–6. doi:10.1111/1467-8284.00174.
Cameron, M.E. Akrasia, AIDS, and Virtue Ethics. Journal of Nursing Law. 1997, 4 (1): 21–33. PMID 12545981.
Campbell, P.G. Diagnosing Agency. Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology. June 2000, 7 (2): 107–119.
Chan, D.K. Non-Intentional Actions. American Philosophical Quarterly. April 1995, 32 (2): 139–151.
Davidson, D. How is Weakness of the Will Possible?. Essays on Actions and Events. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1980: 21–42 [Essay first published 1969]. ISBN 978-0-19-924626-7.
Gilead, A. How is Akrasia Possible After All?. Ratio. September 1999, 12 (3): 257–270. doi:10.1111/1467-9329.00091.
Haggard, P.; Cartledge, P.; Dafydd, M.; Oakley, D.A. Anomalous Control: When 'Free-Will' is not Conscious. Consciousness and Cognition. September 2004, 13 (3): 646–654. PMID 15336254. S2CID 5731662. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2004.06.001.
Haji, I. Moral Responsibility and the Problem of Induced Pro-Attitudes. Dialogue. Fall 1996, 35 (4): 703–720. S2CID 170293939. doi:10.1017/S0012217300008581.
Hardcastle, V.G. Life at the Borders: Habits, Addictions and Self-Control. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence. 2003, 15 (2): 243–253. S2CID 46625694. doi:10.1080/0952813021000055612.
Hartmann, D. Neurophysiology and Freedom of the Will. Poiesis & Praxis. May 2004, 2 (4): 275–284. S2CID 207063367. doi:10.1007/s10202-003-0056-z.
Harwood, Sterling. For an Amoral, Dispositional Account of Weakness of Will. Auslegung. 1992, 18 (1): 27–38. reprinted in Harwood, Sterling (编). Business as Ethical and Business as Usual. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing. 1996: 378–384.
Henry, D. Aristotle on Pleasure and the Worst Form of Akrasia, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 5 (3): 255–270. September 2002.
Hodgson, D. Plain Person's Free Will. Journal of Consciousness Studies. January 2005, 12 (1): 3–19.
Holton, R. Intention and Weakness of Will. The Journal of Philosophy. May 1999, 96 (5): 241–262. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.649.927 . JSTOR 2564667. doi:10.2307/2564667.
Hookway, C. Epistemic Akrasia and Epistemic Virtue. Fairweather, A.; Zagzebski, L. (编). Virtue Epistemology: Essays on Epistemic Virtue and Responsibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001: 178–199. ISBN 978-0-19-514077-4.
Jiang, X.-Y. What Kind of Knowledge Does a Weak-Willed Person Have? — A Comparative Study of Aristotle and the Ch'eng-Chu School. Philosophy East & West. April 2000, 50 (2): 242–253.
Joyce, R. Early Stoicism and Akrasia. Phronesis. 1995, 40 (3): 315–335. doi:10.1163/156852895321051874.
Martin, M.W. Alcoholism as Sickness and Wrongdoing. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. June 1999, 29 (2): 109–131. doi:10.1111/1468-5914.00094.
Mele, A.R. Akrasia, Self-Control, and Second-Order Desires. Noûs. September 1992, 26 (3): 281–302. JSTOR 2215955. doi:10.2307/2215955.
Mele, A.R. Akratic Feelings. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. December 1989, 50 (2): 277–288. JSTOR 2107960. doi:10.2307/2107960.
Mele, A.R. Incontinent Believing. Philosophical Quarterly. April 1986, 36 (143): 212–222. JSTOR 2219769. doi:10.2307/2219769.
Mele, A.R. Is Akratic Action Unfree?. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. June 1986, 46 (4): 673–679. JSTOR 2107677. doi:10.2307/2107677.
Mele, A.R. Real Self-Deception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. March 1997, 20 (1): 91–102. PMID 10096996. S2CID 1701371. doi:10.1017/s0140525x97000034.
Metcalfe, J.; Mischel, W. A Hot/Cool-System Analysis of Delay of Gratification: Dynamics of Willpower. Psychological Review. January 1999, 106 (1): 3–19. PMID 10197361. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.106.1.3.
Owens, D. Epistemic Akrasia. The Monist. July 2002, 85 (3): 381–397. doi:10.5840/monist200285316.
Peijnenburg, J. Akrasia, Dispositions and Degrees. Erkenntnis. 2000, 53 (3): 285–308. S2CID 170464969. doi:10.1023/A:1026563930319.
Rorty, A.O. Political Sources of Emotions: Greed and Anger. Midwest Studies in Philosophy. 1998, 22: 21–33. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4975.1998.tb00329.x.
Rorty, A.O. The Social and Political Sources of Akrasia. Ethics. July 1997, 107 (4): 644–657. S2CID 154584728. doi:10.1086/233763.
Rorty, A.O. Where Does the Akratic Break Take Place?. Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 1980, 58 (4): 333–46. doi:10.1080/00048408012341341.
Santas, G. Aristotle on Practical Inference, the Explanation of Action, and Akrasia. Phronesis. 1969, 14 (2): 162–189. doi:10.1163/156852869X00118.
Santas, G. Plato's Protagoras and Explanations of Weakness. The Philosophical Review. January 1966, 75 (1): 3–33. JSTOR 2183590. doi:10.2307/2183590.
Schorsch, A.J. Housing Policy and Common Sense: An Inquiry and a Method (PDF) Thesis/Dissertation. University of Illinois at Chicago. 1992: 85–90 [2022-12-03]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-21）.
Searle, J.R. Rationality in Action. Cambridge: MIT Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-262-19463-1.
Shand, A.F. Attention and Will: A Study in Involuntary Action. Mind. October 1895, 4 (16): 450–471. doi:10.1093/mind/os-4.15.450.
Stroud, Sarah. Weakness of Will. Zalta, Edward N. (编). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Fall. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2008 [2022-12-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-06）.
Valverde, M. Diseases of the Will: Alcohol and the Dilemmas of Freedom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0-521-62300-1.
Walker, A.F. The Problem of Weakness of Will. Noûs. December 1989, 23 (5): 653–676. JSTOR 2216006. doi:10.2307/2216006.
Wallace, R.J. Three Conceptions of Rational Agency. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. 1999, 2 (3): 217–242. S2CID 141434264. doi:10.1023/A:1009946911117.
Wegner, D.M. Ironic Processes of Mental Control. Psychological Review. 1994, 101 (1): 44–52. PMID 8121959. doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.1.34.
Wegner, D.M. The Illusion of Conscious Will. Cambridge: MIT Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-262-23222-7.
Wegner, D.M.; Wheatley, T. Apparent Mental Causation: Sources of the Experience of Will. American Psychologist. July 1999, 54 (7): 480–492. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.188.8271 . PMID 10424155. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.7.480.
Williams, B. Voluntary Acts and Responsible Agents. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. 1990, 10 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1093/ojls/10.1.1.