CXCL12
趨化因子CXCL12 又稱基質細胞衍生因子－1(SDF-1)是小分子的細胞因子，屬於趨化因子蛋白家族。它有兩種形式，SDF-1α/CXCL12a和SDF-1β/CXCL12b[1]。趨化因子有四個保守的半胱氨酸殘基形成兩對雙硫鍵以構成趨化因子的特殊結構。第一第二半胱氨酸殘基之間隔着一個介入氨基酸殘基。
趨化因子CXCL12對淋巴細胞有強烈的趨化作用並在發育中起重要作用[2]。在胚胎發育中CXCL12引導造血幹細胞從胎兒肝臟到骨髓的遷徙。CXCL12基因敲除的小鼠往往在胎中或出生後1小時內死亡[3][4]。SDF-1α/CXCL12a還可以影響神經元的電生理。CXCL12可以在許多組織（包括腦，胸腺，心，肺，肝，腎，骨髓，脾臟）中表達。
趨化因子CXCL12的受體是CXCR4[5]。但是，最近有人認為CXCL12還可以與CXCR7受體結合[6]。
參考文獻
- ^ De La Luz Sierra et al. Differential processing of stromal-derived factor-1alpha and beta explains functional diversity. Blood 103:2452-2459, 2004.
- ^ Bleul et al. A highly efficacious lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). J. Exp. Med. 184: 1101-1109, 1996.
- ^ Ara et al. Impaired colonization of the gonads by primordial germ cells in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 5319-5323, 2003.
- ^ Ma et al. Impaired B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and derailed cerebellar neuron migration in CXCR4- and SDF-1-deficient mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 9448-9453, 1998.
- ^ Bleul et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382: 829-833, 1996.
- ^ Balabanian et al. The chemokine SDF-1/CXCl12 binds to and signals through the orphan receptor RDC1 in T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 280:35760-35766, 2005.