駕車槍擊
駕車槍擊是一種襲擊方式,襲擊方通常會從機動車輛內向目標射擊[1],之後乘車逃離現場。駕車槍擊的優勢在於襲擊者能快速完成襲擊,之後再快速逃離現場,執法力量通常來不及做出反應。駕車槍擊所必需的是槍械和車輛[2]。
創始
據信烏克蘭獨立戰爭期間的無政府主義革命者、烏克蘭革命起義軍指揮官內斯托爾·馬赫諾是駕車槍擊的始創者[3][4][5][6][7][8]。當時馬赫諾將馬車和機槍組裝到一起,作為快速襲擊目標並在對方做出有效反應前逃離現場的工具。
機動車輛是藏匿武器並將其運輸至犯罪地點的理想載具(例如2015年聖貝納迪諾槍擊案),同時也能充當逃離現場的交通工具。襲擊者駕車接近目標,既能避免後者提前覺察到異樣,也能在所有人對襲擊做出反應前快速逃跑[2]。
參考文獻
- ^ Hutson, H. Range; Anglin, Deirdre; Pratts, Michael J. Jr. Adolescents and Children Injured or Killed in Drive-By Shootings in Los Angeles. New England Journal of Medicine. 3 February 1994, 330 (5): 324–327. PMID 8277953. doi:10.1056/NEJM199402033300506.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Dedel, Kelly. The Problem of Drive-By Shootings. Arizona State University. January 2007 [17 September 2020]. (原始內容存檔於2019-07-16).
- ^ William Henry Chamberlin, Russia's Iron Age, Ayer Publishing, 1970, p201; V. Rapoport, Y. Alekseev, V. G. Treml (translated by B. Adams)
- ^ High Treason: Essays on the History of the Red Army, 1918–1938, Duke University Press, 1985, p68
- ^ Michael Malet, Nestor Makhno in the Russian Civil War, Macmillan, 1982, p85
- ^ Steve Zaloga, Leland S. Ness, Red Army Handbook, 1939–45, Sutton, 1998, p105
- ^ Leon Trotsky, How the Revolution Armed: The Military Writings and Speeches of Leon Trotsky, New Park Publications, 1981, p 295
- ^ Edward R. Kantowicz, The Rage of Nations: The World In The Twentieth Century, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1999, p173