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細胞體

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細胞體(英語:somacell body)簡稱胞體,是神經元(神經細胞)的結構之一。細胞體的形狀近似於球體,直徑約為20微米。細胞體由細胞質基質細胞器細胞核組成[1]

細胞體也可指神經膠質細胞的類似結構[2][3][4]

功能

攜帶遺傳信息的細胞核位於細胞體中。細胞體中含有核糖體粗面內質網滑面內質網高爾基體,以及線粒體細胞器,是神經元蛋白質合成的主要場所[1][5]。在細胞體中合成的蛋白質可通過軸突內部的微管集束運輸到軸突遠離細胞體的一段,以維持軸突的正常功能[5][6]

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Mark. F. Bear; Barry W. Conners; Michael A. Paradiso. Neuroscience: exploring the brain Third Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2007: 28-35. ISBN 978-0-7817-6003-4. 
  2. ^ Bazargani, N; Attwell, D. Astrocyte calcium signaling: the third wave.. Nature Neuroscience. February 2016, 19 (2): 182–9. PMID 26814587. doi:10.1038/nn.4201. 
  3. ^ Baumann, N; Pham-Dinh, D. Biology of oligodendrocyte and myelin in the mammalian central nervous system.. Physiological Reviews. April 2001, 81 (2): 871–927. PMID 11274346. doi:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.2.871. 
  4. ^ Kozlowski, C; Weimer, RM. An automated method to quantify microglia morphology and application to monitor activation state longitudinally in vivo.. PLoS ONE. 2012, 7 (2): e31814. PMC 3294422可免費查閱. PMID 22457705. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031814. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Kim, Eunjin; Jung, Hosung. Local protein synthesis in neuronal axons: why and how we study. BMB Reports. 2015, 48 (3): 139–146. ISSN 1976-6696. doi:10.5483/BMBRep.2015.48.3.010. 
  6. ^ Freund, Tamás F.; Katona, István. Perisomatic Inhibition. Neuron. 2007, 56 (1): 33–42. ISSN 0896-6273. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.09.012.