提攜角
提攜角 | |
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中間圖上標有提攜角(的補角)。由於該圖像為一人所演示,不反映真實的肘內翻與肘外翻。 | |
分類和外部資源 | |
醫學專科 | 醫學遺傳學 |
ICD-11 | LB90.7 |
ICD-10 | M21.0、Q74.0 |
提攜角(carrying angle)為前臂完全伸展並旋後時臂軸和前臂軸延長線構成的向外開放的夾角,也常使用其補角描述該值。[1][2]人的提攜角通常在10°~15°之間。[2]成年男性的平均提攜角約為10°,女性約為13°。[1]
在正常人中,雙臂的提攜角可能並不相同,慣用手的角度通常大於非慣用手的角度。[3][1]一項在南印度農村兒童中進行的研究表明,提攜角與15歲以下的年齡相關性最佳,隨后角度略有下降。男孩和女孩的攜帶角每年分別增加0.42°和0.60°,性別差異逐漸增大,並在青春期時達到最大值。總體而言,女孩的提攜角平均比男孩大1.31°[4],這也被考慮作為女性的第二性徵。[5]
意義
肘關節提攜角的存在或有利於人的日常活動。提攜角使得關節在伸展時前臂遠離身體中線以增大運動幅度,如允許前臂在行走擺臂時避開臀部、手提東西的時候避免讓東西碰到腿[6][7],在屈曲時使前臂靠近身體中線。[8]但異常的提攜角反應了肘部的畸形,提攜角的補角在0~10°之間時為直肘,小於0°為肘內翻,大於20°為肘外翻。[2]增加的提攜角是肘部非創傷性尺神經病變的危險因素。[9]
參考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Paraskevas, G.; Papadopoulos, A.; Papaziogas, B.; Spanidou, S.; Argiriadou, H.; Gigis, J. Study of the carrying angle of the human elbow joint in full extension: a morphometric analysis. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2004-02-01, 26 (1). ISSN 0930-1038. doi:10.1007/s00276-003-0185-z.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 張紹祥,張雅芳. 局部解剖学. 人民衛生出版社. 2015: 314. ISBN 978-7-117-20395-1.
- ^ Manandhar, B; Shrestha, I; Shrestha, R. Dominance of Carrying Angle in Right-hand among Dental Students of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.. JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association. 2022-03-11, 60 (247): 282–285 [2024-12-04]. PMID 35633261. doi:10.31729/jnma.7244.
- ^ Balasubramanian, Pradeep; Madhuri, Vrisha; Muliyil, Jayaprakash. Carrying angle in children: a normative study. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. Part B. 2006-01, 15 (1). ISSN 1060-152X. PMID 16280718. doi:10.1097/01202412-200601000-00008.
- ^ A comparative study of carrying angle among males and females in Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. medpulse.in. [2024-12-04] (英語).
- ^ Prabhakar, T; Gurram, Vinodkumar. Radiological study of carrying angle among male and female and its clinical importance. Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology. 2024-05-28, 11 (1). ISSN 2394-2118. doi:10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.009.
The carrying angle permits the forearms to clear the hips in swinging movements during walking and is important when carrying objects.
- ^ 胳膊肘就应该往外拐. 汕頭大學廣州華新骨科醫院. [2024-12-04].
- ^ 丁文龍,劉學政. 系统解剖学. 人民衛生出版社. 2018: 48. ISBN 978-7-117-26718-2.
- ^ Chang, Chein-Wei; Wang, Yi-Chian; Chu, Chang-Hung. Increased Carrying Angle is a Risk Factor for Nontraumatic Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2008-09, 466 (9). ISSN 0009-921X. PMC 2492992 . PMID 18506557. doi:10.1007/s11999-008-0308-2 (英語).