俄羅斯網絡水軍
俄羅斯網絡水軍(英語:Trolls from Olgino)現象在2014年末引發關注,大量虛假帳戶出現在各類網絡討論區(社交網絡,線上新聞門戶,影片網站等等)發佈支援俄羅斯對於烏克蘭及中東政策的宣傳言論。2014年6月一篇由黑客發佈在BuzzFeed的文章揭露了俄羅斯政府在幕後操作的行徑。[1]2015年6月,位於聖彼得堡的一家名為互聯網研究中心的機構被曝在實際執行這些假帳戶,並引發了全球媒體關注。一些報道指出俄羅斯政府僱傭了大量人員用這些假帳戶發佈資訊。[2]
參考文獻
- ^ Max Seddon. Documents Show How Russia’s Troll Army Hit America. BuzzFeed. 2014-06-02 [2016-06-12]. (原始內容存檔於2016-05-10) (英語).
- ^ Everything you wanted to know about trolls but were afraid to ask. ShareAmerica (U.S. State Dept. Bureau of International Information Programs). 4 November 2015 [6 November 2015]. (原始內容存檔於2017-10-07) (美國英語).
延伸閱讀
- Olga Khazan. Russia's Online-Comment Propaganda Army. The Atlantic. 9 October 2013 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2013-10-09).
- Chen, Adrian. The Agency. The New York Times Magazine. 2 June 2015 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-13).
- Doctrow, Cory. Russia's troll factory. Boing Boing. 2 June 2015 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2015-06-05).
- Karoun Demirjian. A whistleblower is trying to bring down Russia’s secret Internet troll army. The Washington Post. 4 June 2015 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2015-07-18).
- Trolls for hire: Why are Russians being paid to wreak havoc online?. Q (radio show podcast) (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation). 10 June 2015 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2020-09-24).
- Dickerson, Caitlin. How Fake News Turned a Small Town Upside Down. The New York Times Magazine. 26 September 2017 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2019-03-22).
- Entous, Adam; Nakashima, Ellen; Jaffe, Greg (26 December 2017). "Kremlin trolls burned across the Internet as Washington debated options."(頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館) The Washington Post.
- Boucher, Tim. Internet Research Agency. timboucher.ca. 24 November 2017 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2019-03-22).
- Howard, Philip N.; Ganesh, Bharath; Liotsiou, Dimitra; Kelly, John; François, Camille. The IRA, Social Media and Political Polarization in the United States, 2012-2018 (PDF). Computational Propaganda Research Project. 17 December 2018 [2019-03-22]. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2021-03-08) –透過Wikimedia Commons.
- DiResta, Renee; Shaffer, Kris; Ruppel, Becky; Sullivan, David; Matney, Robert; Fox, Ryan; Albright, Jonathan; Johnson, Ben. The Tactics & Tropes of the Internet Research Agency (PDF). New Knowledge. [2019-03-22]. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2021-03-15) –透過Wikimedia Commons.
參見
外部連結
- Iuliia Subbotovska. Russia Steps up Propaganda Push with Online 'Kremlin Trolls'. NBC News. AP. 29 May 2015 [12 June 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2019-03-23) (英語).
- Все о троллях. Тролли - кто они? [All the trolls. Trolls – Who are they?]. 2014 [12 June 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2016-02-01) (俄語).
- В Сети действительно работает банда кремлевских троллей. Имена, адреса, документы [In web forums work the Kremlin's gang of trolls. Names, addresses, documents]. UAINFO. 31 May 2014 [12 June 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2014-08-10) –透過reddit (俄語).