用戶:Htmlzycq/沙盒1

「鼠類的冠狀病毒」（Coronavirus in rodents）

在2014年前，只有鼠冠狀病毒（M-CoV）一個可感染齧齒目的符合ICTV定義的冠狀病毒種被發現（包括可感染小鼠的MHV和感染大鼠的RCoV-P等多個毒株）。2014年之後第二種、第三種被連續發現，之後的大規模田野調查發現了大量的Embecovirus（β冠狀病毒屬的支系A）中的以及α冠狀病毒屬可感染齧齒目動物的冠狀病毒，基本上明確了包括β1冠狀病毒（人OC43等）在內的β屬支系A是以鼠類為天然病毒庫。

M-CoV

鼠冠狀病毒作為β冠狀病毒屬的模式種，是被研究最為深入的冠狀病毒之一。

LRNV

HKU24

COVID-19在鼠類中的傳播

α冠狀病毒屬中的鼠類冠狀病毒

JOSEPH W. THORNTON

01年的一篇PNAS中提出^[1]，03年的一篇science指出甾體激素的祖先可能本身就是雌二醇配體^[2]，06年的一篇science又進一步加強了這一觀點 ^[3]，11年MCE文章^[4]

^ Thornton, Joseph W. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001-05-08, 98 (10): 5671–5676. PMID 11331759. doi:10.1073/pnas.091553298.
^ Thornton, JW; Need, E; Crews, D. Resurrecting the ancestral steroid receptor: ancient origin of estrogen signaling.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2003-09-19, 301 (5640): 1714–7. PMID 14500980. doi:10.1126/science.1086185.
^ Bridgham, JT; Carroll, SM; Thornton, JW. Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2006-04-07, 312 (5770): 97–101. PMID 16601189. doi:10.1126/science.1123348.
^ Eick, GN; Thornton, JW. Evolution of steroid receptors from an estrogen-sensitive ancestral receptor.. Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2011-03-01, 334 (1-2): 31–8. PMID 20837101. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.09.003.

[1] Thornton, Joseph W. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001-05-08, 98 (10): 5671–5676. PMID 11331759. doi:10.1073/pnas.091553298.

[2] Thornton, JW; Need, E; Crews, D. Resurrecting the ancestral steroid receptor: ancient origin of estrogen signaling.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2003-09-19, 301 (5640): 1714–7. PMID 14500980. doi:10.1126/science.1086185.

[3] Bridgham, JT; Carroll, SM; Thornton, JW. Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2006-04-07, 312 (5770): 97–101. PMID 16601189. doi:10.1126/science.1123348.

[4] Eick, GN; Thornton, JW. Evolution of steroid receptors from an estrogen-sensitive ancestral receptor.. Molecular and cellular endocrinology. 2011-03-01, 334 (1-2): 31–8. PMID 20837101. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.09.003.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]