KB細胞

KB是一種被指屬於學術醜聞的細胞系，由哈里·伊格爾（Harry Eagle）在1955年建立^[1]，那時候伊格爾也研究着海拉細胞^[2]。最初它被認為是一種人類口腔表皮樣癌細胞系^[1]，但是後來通過同工酶、HeLa標記染色體和DNA指紋分析發現起源細胞已經被海拉細胞所污染，應為一種與人類乳突病毒相關的內子宮腺癌（papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma）細胞系。 1966年，遺傳學家斯坦利·加特勒（Stanley Gartler）發現這個事實後，翌年發表一篇名為《Genetic Markers as Tracers in Cell Culture》的文章^[3]。Gartler的發現已通過多種方法得到了多次確認。例如1976年，Nelson-Rees在《科學》上發表文章確實此事^[4]，又例如2001年Masters等作出的研究^[5]。

儘管已經確定KB細胞早已被海拉細胞所污染，替代了原始細胞，但是此後仍然有許多研究人員把KB細胞當作人類口腔表皮樣癌細胞系，並且將其研究發表於期刊，或者以論文的方式發表。然而部分出版物將KB細胞正確地描述它是一種宮頸癌細胞系，或者稱其為海拉細胞的衍生物。這可能提高對KB細胞作為錯誤識別細胞系的認識。2017年，Vaughan等在《Cancer Research》發表一篇文章，探究了錯誤識別KB細胞所造成的影響。他們指出2000年至2014年期間發表的631篇期刊文章中都使用了KB細胞，其中574篇文章錯誤描述KB細胞，僅有57篇文章正確描述KB細胞^[6]。

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 EAGLE, H. Propagation in a fluid medium of a human epidermoid carcinoma, strain KB.. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 1955-07, 89 (3): 362–4 [2020-02-19]. PMID 13254761. doi:10.3181/00379727-89-21811. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.
^ EAGLE, H. The specific amino acid requirements of a human carcinoma cell (Stain HeLa) in tissue culture.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 1955-07-01, 102 (1): 37–48 [2020-02-19]. PMID 14392239. doi:10.1084/jem.102.1.37. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.
^ Gartler, SM. Genetic markers as tracers in cell culture.. National Cancer Institute monograph. 1967-09, 26: 167–95 [2020-02-19]. PMID 4864103. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.
^ Nelson-Rees, WA; Flandermeyer, RR. HeLa cultures defined.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 1976-01-09, 191 (4222): 96–8 [2020-02-16]. PMID 1246601. doi:10.1126/science.1246601. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-16）.
^ Masters, JR; Thomson, JA; Daly-Burns, B; Reid, YA; Dirks, WG; Packer, P; Toji, LH; Ohno, T; Tanabe, H; Arlett, CF; Kelland, LR; Harrison, M; Virmani, A; Ward, TH; Ayres, KL; Debenham, PG. Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference standard for human cell lines.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001-07-03, 98 (14): 8012–7 [2020-02-19]. PMID 11416159. doi:10.1073/pnas.121616198. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.
^ Vaughan, L; Glänzel, W; Korch, C; Capes-Davis, A. Widespread Use of Misidentified Cell Line KB (HeLa): Incorrect Attribution and Its Impact Revealed through Mining the Scientific Literature.. Cancer research. 2017-06-01, 77 (11): 2784–2788 [2020-02-19]. PMID 28455420. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2258. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

外部連結

Cellosaurus entry for KB （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）

[EAGLE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 EAGLE, H. Propagation in a fluid medium of a human epidermoid carcinoma, strain KB.. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 1955-07, 89 (3): 362–4 [2020-02-19]. PMID 13254761. doi:10.3181/00379727-89-21811. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

[2] EAGLE, H. The specific amino acid requirements of a human carcinoma cell (Stain HeLa) in tissue culture.. The Journal of experimental medicine. 1955-07-01, 102 (1): 37–48 [2020-02-19]. PMID 14392239. doi:10.1084/jem.102.1.37. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

[3] Gartler, SM. Genetic markers as tracers in cell culture.. National Cancer Institute monograph. 1967-09, 26: 167–95 [2020-02-19]. PMID 4864103. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

[4] Nelson-Rees, WA; Flandermeyer, RR. HeLa cultures defined.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 1976-01-09, 191 (4222): 96–8 [2020-02-16]. PMID 1246601. doi:10.1126/science.1246601. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-16）.

[5] Masters, JR; Thomson, JA; Daly-Burns, B; Reid, YA; Dirks, WG; Packer, P; Toji, LH; Ohno, T; Tanabe, H; Arlett, CF; Kelland, LR; Harrison, M; Virmani, A; Ward, TH; Ayres, KL; Debenham, PG. Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference standard for human cell lines.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001-07-03, 98 (14): 8012–7 [2020-02-19]. PMID 11416159. doi:10.1073/pnas.121616198. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

[6] Vaughan, L; Glänzel, W; Korch, C; Capes-Davis, A. Widespread Use of Misidentified Cell Line KB (HeLa): Incorrect Attribution and Its Impact Revealed through Mining the Scientific Literature.. Cancer research. 2017-06-01, 77 (11): 2784–2788 [2020-02-19]. PMID 28455420. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-2258. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-19）.

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