點名羞辱
點名羞辱是一種當眾羞辱的方式，羞辱者會「公開指出某個人、團體或企業做了錯事」，[1] 羞辱者通常不滿某些行為或個人以及企業，會通過點名羞辱這一方式影響輿論，進而給企業或個人造成壓力。[2]
有證據表明，點名羞辱可以減少暴行，並使被點名羞辱的政府有所收斂。[3][4][5][6]然而一些學者質疑點名羞辱未必能達到預期效果。 [7][6][5]
參考文獻
- ^ Cambridge Online Dictionary （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, accessed 3 January 2019
- ^ Rousseau, Elise. Power, Mechanisms, and Denunciations: Understanding Compliance with Human Rights in International Relations. Political Studies Review. 2018-11-01, 16 (4): 318–330. ISSN 1478-9299. S2CID 150144735. doi:10.1177/1478929918768979 （英語）.
- ^ DeMeritt, Jacqueline H. R. International Organizations and Government Killing: Does Naming and Shaming Save Lives?. International Interactions. 2012-11-01, 38 (5): 597–621. ISSN 0305-0629. S2CID 153465502. doi:10.1080/03050629.2012.726180. hdl:1902.1/20502
.
- ^ Krain, Matthew. J'accuse! Does Naming and Shaming Perpetrators Reduce the Severity of Genocides or Politicides?. International Studies Quarterly. 2012-09-01, 56 (3): 574–589. ISSN 0020-8833. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00732.x （英語）.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Hafner-Burton, Emilie M. Sticks and Stones: Naming and Shaming the Human Rights Enforcement Problem. International Organization. October 2008, 62 (4): 689–716. ISSN 1531-5088. S2CID 154303864. doi:10.1017/S0020818308080247 （英語）.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Hendrix, Cullen S.; Wong, Wendy H. When Is the Pen Truly Mighty? Regime Type and the Efficacy of Naming and Shaming in Curbing Human Rights Abuses. British Journal of Political Science. July 2013, 43 (3): 651–672. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 154774395. doi:10.1017/S0007123412000488 （英語）.
- ^ Snyder, Jack. Backlash against human rights shaming: emotions in groups. International Theory. 2020, 12: 109–132. ISSN 1752-9719. doi:10.1017/S1752971919000216 （英語）.
