林蛇屬
林蛇屬 | |
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黃環林蛇(Boiga dendrophila) | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 爬蟲綱 Reptilia |
目: | 有鱗目 Squamata |
亞目: | 蛇亞目 Serpentes |
科: | 游蛇科 Colubridae |
亞科: | 黃頷蛇亞科 Colubrinae |
屬: | 林蛇屬 Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 |
林蛇屬(Boiga),是蛇亞目游蛇科下的一個有微量毒素的蛇屬,屬下的蛇類有貓眼蛇、貓蛇、林蛇或棕樹蛇等稱呼。主要分佈於東南亞、印度及澳洲,但由於牠們擁有堅韌的適應能力及生存能力,因此其分佈地正向世界上其他適合的棲息地擴張。
主要物種
截止2022年6月3日,根據reptile-database中的數據,本屬包含37種:[1]
- 安達曼林蛇 Boiga andamanensis (Wall, 1909)
- 萊特林蛇 Boiga angulata (Peters, 1861)
- 甘加魯瓦林蛇 Boiga barnesii (Günther, 1869)
- 貝氏林蛇 Boiga beddomei (Wall, 1909)
- 明古魯林蛇 Boiga bengkuluensis Orlov, Kudryavtzev, Ryabov & Shumakov, 2003
- 鮑氏林蛇 Boiga bourreti Tillack, Ziegler & Khac Quyet, 2004
- Boiga buruensis Hoser, 2016
- 斯里蘭卡林蛇 Boiga ceylonensis (Günther, 1858)
- 綠林蛇 Boiga cyanea (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
- 犬齒林蛇 Boiga cynodon (Boie, 1827)
- 黃環林蛇 Boiga dendrophila (Boie, 1827)
- 皮爾梅德林蛇 Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) [2]
- Boiga donagheyae Hoser, 2017
- 白點林蛇 Boiga drapiezii (Boie, 1827)
- 黃綠林蛇 Boiga flaviviridis Vogel & Ganesh, 2013 [3]
- 南亞林蛇 Boiga forsteni (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
- Boiga germainegreerae Hoser, 2017
- 東伽馬林蛇 Boiga gokool
- 廣西林蛇 Boiga guangxiensis
- 豪氏林蛇 Boiga hoeseli
- 棕樹蛇 Boiga irregularis
- 碧玉林蛇 Boiga jaspidea
- 絞花林蛇 Boiga kraepelini
- 西紅樹林蛇 Boiga melanota
- 多帶樹蛇 Boiga multifasciata
- 繁花林蛇 Boiga multomaculata Boie, 1827[4]
- 黑頭林蛇 Boiga nigriceps
- 頸斑林蛇 Boiga nuchalis
- 茶色林蛇 Boiga ochracea Theobald, 1868[4]
- 菲律賓林蛇 Boiga philippina
- 斜點林蛇 Boiga quincunciata
- Boiga ranawanei Samarawickrama, Samarawickrama, Wijesena et Orlov, 2005[5]
- 帶林蛇 Boiga saengsomi
- 舒氏林蛇 Boiga schultzei
- 泰國林蛇 Boiga siamensis
- 塔納詹佩阿林蛇 Boiga tanahjampeana
- 撒氏林蛇 Boiga thackerayi Giri, Deepak, Captain, Pawar & Tillack, 2019[6]
- 伽馬林蛇 Boiga trigonata (Schneider, 1802)
- 尼科巴林蛇 Boiga wallachi Das, 1998
- 韋氏林蛇 Boiga westermanni
- 惠氏林蛇 Boiga whitakeri Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel, 2021 [2]
特性與行為
林蛇普遍體型較幼瘦,體長較長,頭部及眼睛比例較大,有多種顏色及體紋。大部分林蛇體紋都呈帶狀,也有部分林蛇體紋以斑點為主或無體紋。顏色方面,林蛇有黑色、棕色、綠色、白色及黃色各種。另外,林蛇屬卵生動物。
林蛇一般棲息於樹木上,屬夜行性動物,以獵食蜥蜴、鳥類及鼠類動物為主要食物。牠們的毒性因應品種而異,但一般不認為其毒素是對人類有危險的致命性。
參考文獻
- ^ Reptarium.cz Reptile Database 中的 Boiga
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Surya Narayanan, Sandeep Das, Y. Muhammed Anvar, Frank Tillack, Pratyush P. Mohapatra, David J. Gower, K. P. Rajkumar and V. Deepak. 2023. On the Taxonomic Validity of Boiga whitakeri Ganesh et al., 2021 with New insights on Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae). Vertebrate Zoology 73: 1-21. DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e97002
- ^ Vogel, Gernot and S. r. Ganesh. 2013. A New Species of Cat Snake (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae: Boiga) from Dry Forests of eastern Peninsular India. Zootaxa. 3637(2): 158-168.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Gunther Köhler, Panupong Thammachoti Charunrochana, Linda Mogk, Ni Lar Than, Nia Kurniawan, Ahmad Muammar Kadafi, Abhijit Das, Frank Tillack and Mark O'Shea. 2023. A Taxonomic Revision of Boiga multomaculata (Boie, 1827) and B. ochracea (Theobald, 1868), with the Description of A New Subspecies (Squamata, Serpentes, Colubridae). Zootaxa. 5270(2); 151-193. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.1, http://Researchgate.net/publication/370133784_A_taxonomic_revision_of_Boiga_multomaculata_and_B_ochracea, http://facebook.com/100088301342746/posts/175934658693245, http://facebook.com/TMMTwildlife/posts/195000870013852
- ^ S. R. Ganesh, V. A. M. P. K. Samarawickrama, Aishwarya J. Urs, Achyuthan N. Srikanthan and Omkar Dilip Adhikari. 2022. Resurrection of Boiga ranawanei Samarawickrama, Samarawickrama, Wijesena et Orlov, 2005, with Expanded Descriptions and Species Distribution Modelling of Some Indian Taxa of the B. ceylonensis Group (Reptilia: Colubridae). Russian Journal of Herpetology. 29(6);341-354. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2022-29-6-341-354
- ^ Varad B. Giri, V. Deepak, Ashok Captain, Swapnil Pawar and Frank Tillack. 2019. A New Species of Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 (Serpentes: Colubridae) from The Northern Western Ghats of India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 116. DOI: 10.17087/jbnhs/2019/v116/144901
外部連結
- (英文)爬蟲類資料庫:貓眼蛇屬 (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- (英文)關於東方棕樹蛇 (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- (英文)Gernot-Vogel.de: 貓眼蛇屬名單 (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)