大年結實

大年結實是某些多年生植物果實產量會周期性地發生巨大差異的一種自然現象^[1]^[2]。這一類植物在某些年份會大量結實（大年）, 而在其他年份很少或根本不結實（小年）^[1]。這是植物適應環境、提高繁殖能力的一種策略^[1]，同時也受到氣候因素的直接影響^[3]。大年結實現象主要發生在風媒傳粉的樹種中，但也出現在龍腦香科和禾本科植物中^[2]^[3]。在依賴動物擴散種子的植物中, 大年結實被認為是植物通過控制動物的貯食行為提高種子擴散效率, 增加繁殖成功率的一種策略。^[1]

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Yang, Xifu; Zhang, Hongmao; Zhang, Zhibin. Mast seeding and its relationship to animal hoarding behaviour. Biodiversity Science. 2020-07-20, 28 (7): 821. doi:10.17520/biods.2019312.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Norton, D. A.; Kelly, D. Mast Seeding Over 33 Years by Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb. (rimu) (Podocarpaceae) in New Zealand: The Importance of Economies of Scale. Functional Ecology. 1988, 2 (3): 399. doi:10.2307/2389413.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Kelly, Dave; Sork, Victoria L. Mast Seeding in Perennial Plants: Why, How, Where?. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 2002-11, 33 (1): 427–447. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095433.

[biods.2019312-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Yang, Xifu; Zhang, Hongmao; Zhang, Zhibin. Mast seeding and its relationship to animal hoarding behaviour. Biodiversity Science. 2020-07-20, 28 (7): 821. doi:10.17520/biods.2019312.

[Norton2389413-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Norton, D. A.; Kelly, D. Mast Seeding Over 33 Years by Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb. (rimu) (Podocarpaceae) in New Zealand: The Importance of Economies of Scale. Functional Ecology. 1988, 2 (3): 399. doi:10.2307/2389413.

[annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095433-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Kelly, Dave; Sork, Victoria L. Mast Seeding in Perennial Plants: Why, How, Where?. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 2002-11, 33 (1): 427–447. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095433.

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