關於稱義教義的聯合聲明

《關於稱義教義的聯合聲明》（英語：Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification，JDDJ），也稱《有關成義教義的聯合聲明》、《因信稱義聯合聲明》，是一份由天主教會和世界信義宗聯會（英語：Lutheran World Federation）於1999年正式簽署的一份聲明。該聯合聲明宣稱雙方教會對「通過對基督的信念，憑藉神的恩典稱義」這一觀點的一致^[1]。

簽署雙方認為，聲明基本上解決了對於稱義本質認識的爭議，而這一爭議正是宗教改革的基礎。至於另外兩大國際性信義宗組織，包括國際路德會與世界路德宗認信聯會，則對《因信稱義聯合聲明》普遍持否定態度，^[2]認為聲明內容含糊不清，^[3]簽署雙方實際上只是各說各話，嚴格來說不算是一份「協定」。^[4]^[5]^[6]

在2006年，世界循道衛理宗協會（英語：World Methodist Council）投票決定採納JDDJ。2016年，普世聖公宗咨議會發表歡迎和肯認JDDJ重要性的聲明。2017年，世界改革宗聯會（英語：World Communion of Reformed Churches）投票決定採納JDDJ。^[7]

參考文獻

^ JOINT DECLARATION ON THE DOCTRINE OF JUSTIFICATION. 聖座官方網站. [2012-12-24]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-06）.
^ A German pope heads for the Land of Luther （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, National Catholic Reporter, 2 Sept 2011 （英文）, saying "To be sure, the Joint Declaration has not exactly brought about an ecumenical New Jerusalem. Some Lutherans have rejected the agreement, including the International Lutheran Council and the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference. On the Catholic side, the Vatican’s approval remains officially binding, but enthusiasm varies."
^ WELS Topical Q&A - Justification. [2015-10-12]. （原始內容存檔於2009-09-27）. To put it mildly, confusion and not clarity reigns. The biblical Lutheran teaching of 「forensic」 justification maintains that the only effective cause of our forgiveness is a verdict of God that takes place outside of ourselves. We are declared 「not guilty」 entirely on the basis of what Christ has done for us. Catholic teaching on justification makes a change within man part of the cause of our forgiveness. The Joint Declaration does not represent a change in the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. It does nothing to repudiate Rome’s historic position on the doctrine. The Joint Declaration is nothing more than an ambiguous statement, carefully worded to make it possible for the Pope’s representatives to sign it without changing, retracting, or correcting anything that has been taught by the Roman Catholic Church since the time of the Council of Trent in the sixteenth century. The Joint Declaration is a compromise. It masquerades as a significant change which brings Roman Catholicism in line with confessional Lutheranism on the teaching of justification. In fact, it is a deception that presents the appearance of agreement without any real substance that would make agreement possible. It is a thinly veiled attempt on the part of ecumenicism to embrace Catholicism. In the final analysis it appears that Rome has moved closer to reattaching what was lost in the sixteenth century without any substantive change in its doctrinal position.
^ The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justiﬁcation in Confessional Lutheran Perspective. [2015-10-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-01）.
^ McCain, Rev. Paul T. A Betrayal of the Gospel: The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. First Things. 12 March 2010 [2014-01-17]. ISSN 1047-5141. （原始內容存檔於2013-09-13）.
^ Gerlach, Joel, A Question of Indulgences - Again （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Forward in Christ, October 1999, "What the Joint Declaration does is link the Lutheran understanding of being declared righteous by God with the Roman understanding of becoming righteous by living a sanctified life. That's not a real agreement. That's an agreement to disagree--on the teaching by which, as the Reformers said, 'the church stands or falls.' In truth, we are still back to where we started on Oct. 31, 1517. The Pope has made it clear. It's a question of indulgences--again"
^ Lutherans, Catholics, Methodists, Reformed and Anglicans “drawn into deeper communion”. anglicannews. [2017-11-16]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-09）.

外部連結

[1] JOINT DECLARATION ON THE DOCTRINE OF JUSTIFICATION. 聖座官方網站. [2012-12-24]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-06）.

[2] A German pope heads for the Land of Luther （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, National Catholic Reporter, 2 Sept 2011 （英文）, saying "To be sure, the Joint Declaration has not exactly brought about an ecumenical New Jerusalem. Some Lutherans have rejected the agreement, including the International Lutheran Council and the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference. On the Catholic side, the Vatican’s approval remains officially binding, but enthusiasm varies."

[WELS-JDDJ-3] WELS Topical Q&A - Justification. [2015-10-12]. （原始內容存檔於2009-09-27）. To put it mildly, confusion and not clarity reigns. The biblical Lutheran teaching of 「forensic」 justification maintains that the only effective cause of our forgiveness is a verdict of God that takes place outside of ourselves. We are declared 「not guilty」 entirely on the basis of what Christ has done for us. Catholic teaching on justification makes a change within man part of the cause of our forgiveness. The Joint Declaration does not represent a change in the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. It does nothing to repudiate Rome’s historic position on the doctrine. The Joint Declaration is nothing more than an ambiguous statement, carefully worded to make it possible for the Pope’s representatives to sign it without changing, retracting, or correcting anything that has been taught by the Roman Catholic Church since the time of the Council of Trent in the sixteenth century. The Joint Declaration is a compromise. It masquerades as a significant change which brings Roman Catholicism in line with confessional Lutheranism on the teaching of justification. In fact, it is a deception that presents the appearance of agreement without any real substance that would make agreement possible. It is a thinly veiled attempt on the part of ecumenicism to embrace Catholicism. In the final analysis it appears that Rome has moved closer to reattaching what was lost in the sixteenth century without any substantive change in its doctrinal position.

[4] The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justiﬁcation in Confessional Lutheran Perspective. [2015-10-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-08-01）.

[mccain-5] McCain, Rev. Paul T. A Betrayal of the Gospel: The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. First Things. 12 March 2010 [2014-01-17]. ISSN 1047-5141. （原始內容存檔於2013-09-13）.

[6] Gerlach, Joel, A Question of Indulgences - Again （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Forward in Christ, October 1999, "What the Joint Declaration does is link the Lutheran understanding of being declared righteous by God with the Roman understanding of becoming righteous by living a sanctified life. That's not a real agreement. That's an agreement to disagree--on the teaching by which, as the Reformers said, 'the church stands or falls.' In truth, we are still back to where we started on Oct. 31, 1517. The Pope has made it clear. It's a question of indulgences--again"

[7] Lutherans, Catholics, Methodists, Reformed and Anglicans “drawn into deeper communion”. anglicannews. [2017-11-16]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-09）.

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