人體溫度

人體體溫、人體正常體溫（英語：human body temperature、normal human body temperature、normothermia或euthermia）測量出的結果取決於在一天中的時間中身體內發生的變化，以及該人的活動水平。而正常體溫一般值在：

口探（舌下）：36.8±0.4℃（98.2±0.72°F）

體內（直腸，陰道）：37.5°C（98.6°F）

身體的不同部位有不同的溫度，直接測量體腔內部的直腸或陰道的結果通常比口探測量稍高，而且口探測量比皮膚測量稍高。其他地方，如在手臂或耳後會產生不同的正常溫度。

在一天中，因為身體的需要和人活動後的變化，一個健康的人體溫在早上會較低，在傍晚和晚上則高大約0.5℃（0.9°F）。其他情形也會影響身體的溫度，例如：當一個人餓了，困了，病了，或冷，體溫也隨之變化。

測量方法

測量一個人的溫度是一個完整的臨床檢查的初始部分。有用於測量的各類醫療溫度計，包含：

在肛門（直腸溫度）
在口腔（口腔溫度）
在手臂下（腋下溫度）
在耳（鼓膜溫度）
在陰道（陰道溫度）
在膀胱
在額頭上顳動脈皮膚

參考資料

^ Marx J. Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice. 6th. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier. 2006: 2239. ISBN 978-0-323-02845-5. OCLC 58533794.
^ Hutchison JS, Ward RE, Lacroix J, Hébert PC, Barnes MA, Bohn DJ, et al. Hypothermia therapy after traumatic brain injury in children. The New England Journal of Medicine. June 2008, 358 (23): 2447–56. PMID 18525042. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0706930.
^ Pryor JA, Prasad AS. Physiotherapy for Respiratory and Cardiac Problems: Adults and Paediatrics. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2008: 8. ISBN 978-0702039744 （英語）. Body temperature is maintained within the range 36.5-37.5 °C. It is lowest in the early morning and highest in the afternoon.
^ Axelrod YK, Diringer MN. Temperature management in acute neurologic disorders. Neurologic Clinics. May 2008, 26 (2): 585–603, xi. PMID 18514828. doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.005.
^ Laupland KB. Fever in the critically ill medical patient. Critical Care Medicine. July 2009, 37 (7 Suppl): S273–8. PMID 19535958. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181aa6117.
^ Grunau BE, Wiens MO, Brubacher JR. Dantrolene in the treatment of MDMA-related hyperpyrexia: a systematic review. Cjem. September 2010, 12 (5): 435–42. PMID 20880437. doi:10.1017/s1481803500012598. Dantrolene may also be associated with improved survival and reduced complications, especially in patients with extreme (≥ 42 °C) or severe (≥ 40 °C) hyperpyrexia
^ Sharma HS (編). Neurobiology of Hyperthermia 1st. Elsevier. 2007: 175–177, 485 [19 November 2016]. ISBN 9780080549996. Despite the myriad of complications associated with heat illness, an elevation of core temperature above 41.0 °C (often referred to as fever or hyperpyrexia) is the most widely recognized symptom of this syndrome.

[Rosen-1] Marx J. Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice. 6th. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier. 2006: 2239. ISBN 978-0-323-02845-5. OCLC 58533794.

[pmid18788094-2] Hutchison JS, Ward RE, Lacroix J, Hébert PC, Barnes MA, Bohn DJ, et al. Hypothermia therapy after traumatic brain injury in children. The New England Journal of Medicine. June 2008, 358 (23): 2447–56. PMID 18525042. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0706930.

[3] Pryor JA, Prasad AS. Physiotherapy for Respiratory and Cardiac Problems: Adults and Paediatrics. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2008: 8. ISBN 978-0702039744 （英語）. Body temperature is maintained within the range 36.5-37.5 °C. It is lowest in the early morning and highest in the afternoon.

[NC08-4] Axelrod YK, Diringer MN. Temperature management in acute neurologic disorders. Neurologic Clinics. May 2008, 26 (2): 585–603, xi. PMID 18514828. doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.005.

[CC09-5] Laupland KB. Fever in the critically ill medical patient. Critical Care Medicine. July 2009, 37 (7 Suppl): S273–8. PMID 19535958. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181aa6117.

[6] Grunau BE, Wiens MO, Brubacher JR. Dantrolene in the treatment of MDMA-related hyperpyrexia: a systematic review. Cjem. September 2010, 12 (5): 435–42. PMID 20880437. doi:10.1017/s1481803500012598. Dantrolene may also be associated with improved survival and reduced complications, especially in patients with extreme (≥ 42 °C) or severe (≥ 40 °C) hyperpyrexia

[7] Sharma HS (編). Neurobiology of Hyperthermia 1st. Elsevier. 2007: 175–177, 485 [19 November 2016]. ISBN 9780080549996. Despite the myriad of complications associated with heat illness, an elevation of core temperature above 41.0 °C (often referred to as fever or hyperpyrexia) is the most widely recognized symptom of this syndrome.

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