酒業
酒業,也叫酒精工業,是一種商業工業,涉及到酒精飲料的製造、分銷和銷售。[1]
批評
20世紀90年代,該行業一直受到批評,因為它轉移了人們對飲酒相關問題的注意力。[2] 酒業也被批評在減少酒精的危害方面沒有幫助。[3]
世界銀行在對公共衛生問題和社會政策產生積極影響時,與酒業項目合作並對其進行投資。[4]酒精行業資助的減少酒精危害的教育,實際上導致酒精危害的增加。因此,建議酒精行業不要參與酒精政策或教育項目。[5]
在英國,新工黨政府認為,與酒業合作以減少危害是最有效的戰略。然而,與酒精有關的傷害和酒精濫用有所增加。[6]酒精行業被指控誇大了酒精對健康的益處,而酒精被認為是一種對健康有潛在嚴重影響的潛在危險的娛樂性毒品。[7]
由於乙醇被歸類為一類致癌物,而且酒精沒有安全劑量;酒精工業被認為是形成文明或生活方式疾病的主要因素之一。酒精行業一直在積極地誤導公眾關於酒精消費導致癌症的風險,[8]除此之外,他們還發起運動廢除要求酒精飲料必須貼有癌症警告標籤的法律。[9]
參考文獻
- ^ Big Alcohol Myths. IOGT International. [13 January 2018]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-14).
- ^ DeJong, W.; Wallack, L. The role of designated driver programs in the prevention of alcohol-impaired driving: a critical reassessment.. Health Education Quarterly. 1992, 19 (4): 429–42; discussion 443–5. PMID 1452445. doi:10.1177/109019819201900407.
- ^ Casswell, S.; Thamarangsi, T. Reducing harm from alcohol: call to action.. Lancet. Jun 2009, 373 (9682): 2247–57. PMID 19560606. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60745-5.
- ^ Room, R.; Jernigan, D. The ambiguous role of alcohol in economic and social development.. Addiction. Dec 2000,. 95 Suppl 4 (12s4): S523–35. PMID 11218349. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.95.12s4.6.x.
- ^ Anderson, P. Global alcohol policy and the alcohol industry.. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. May 2009, 22 (3): 253–7. PMID 19262384. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e328329ed75.
- ^ Anderson, P. A safe, sensible and social AHRSE: New Labour and alcohol policy.. Addiction. Oct 2007, 102 (10): 1515–21. PMID 17854326. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.02000.x.
- ^ Sellman, D.; Connor, J.; Robinson, G.; Jackson, R. Alcohol cardio-protection has been talked up.. New Zealand Medical Journal. 2009, 122 (1303): 97–101. PMID 19851424.
- ^ Petticrew M, Maani Hessari N, Knai C, Weiderpass E, et al. How alcohol industry organisations mislead the public about alcohol and cancer. Drug and Alcohol Review [Epub ahead of print]. 2018, 37 (3): 293–303. PMID 28881410. doi:10.1111/dar.12596.[1] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- ^ Chaudhuri, Saabira. Lawmakers, Alcohol Industry Tussle Over Cancer Labels on Booze. The Wall Street Journal. 9 February 2018 [2020-11-29]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-21).