通用動力電船
通用動力電船公司(General Dynamics Electric Boat)是美國通用動力公司的一個部門,在超過100年的時間裡一直都是美國海軍潛艇的主建造商。公司的主要設施是位於康涅狄格州格羅頓的船塢和位於羅得島州北金斯頓的構件和設備工廠。
公司由美國發明家伊薩克·賴斯於1899年創建,最初名為電船公司(Electric Boat Company),目的主要是為了實現約翰·菲利普·霍蘭的水下艦艇設計,這項設計是在劉易斯·尼克松位於新澤西州伊麗莎白的克雷森特船廠里發展出來的。電船公司建造的第一艘潛艇命名為霍蘭六號,1900年4月11日,霍蘭六號成為美國海軍訂購併正式服役的第一艘潛艇,更命為霍蘭號。在第一次世界大戰中,電船公司為美國海軍共生產了85艘潛艇和722艘獵潛艦。但戰後直到1931年,美國海軍都沒有向電船公司訂購任何一艘潛艇。第二次世界大戰期間,電船公司共生產了74艘潛艇。
1952年,公司更名為通用動力公司,次年,又收購了康維爾公司。公司決定將控股公司命名為「通用動力」,而潛艇建造部門依舊保留「電船」的名稱[1]。
1954年1月,電船公司建造了世界上第一艘核動力潛艇——鸚鵡螺號(USS Nautilus SSN-571)。1959年,該公司又建造了世界上第一艘彈道導彈潛艇,喬治·華盛頓號。此外,俄亥俄級核潛艇、洛杉磯級核潛艇、海狼級核潛艇和弗吉尼亞級核潛艇潛艇均為電船公司建造。
參考資料
- ^ General Dynamics Corporation. U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission. [2006-03-31]. (原始內容存檔於2008-11-12).
深度閱讀
- The Defender: The Story of General Dynamics, by Roger Franklin. Published by Harper and Row 1986. More accurate version of "just who" actually founded this company.
- Brotherhood of Arms: General Dynamics and The Business of Defending America, by Jacob Goodwin. Published 1985. Random House.
- The Legend of Electric Boat, Serving The Silent Service. Published by Write Stuff Syndicate, 1994 and 2007. Written by Jeffery L. Rodengen.
- International Directory of Company Histories Volume 86 under General Dynamics/Electric Boat Corporation, July 2007; pp. 136–139. Published by St James Press/Thomson Gale Group.
- Who Built Those Subs? Naval History Magazine, Oct. 1998 125th Anniversary issue, pp. 31–34. Written by Richard Knowles Morris PhD. Published by The United States Naval Institute, Annapolis, Md. Copyrighted 1998.
- The Klaxon, The U.S. Navy's official submarine force newsletter, April 1992. Published by the Nautilus Memorial Submarine Force Library and Museum in Groton/New London, CT.
- "The Ups and Downs of Electric Boat" John D. Alden, United States Naval Institute, Proceedings Magazine, July 1, 1999, p. 64.
外部連結
- Official site crediting those who played key roles as the company was founded (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Crescent Shipyard is the location where Electric Boat began developing U. S. Navy's first submarines (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Brief history and account of General Dynamics and parent company, Electric Boat (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Official Pentagon/Chief of Naval Operations web site/submarine warfare division/under Submarine Pioneers/John Philip Holland/Arthur Leopold Busch etc (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- The ironic history of Electric Boat can be found at this site
- Mr. Holland trying to set up operations in Europe after fallout with Isaac Leopold Rice, Electric Boat's first President and CEO (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)