蒙哥湖遺骨

蒙哥湖遺骨中包含三具比較出名的遺骸：蒙哥湖一號骸骨（俗稱：蒙哥湖夫人）、蒙哥湖二號骸骨和蒙哥湖三號骸骨（俗稱：蒙哥湖先生）。蒙哥湖（英語：Lake Mungo）位於澳大利亞新南威爾士州的威蘭德拉湖區，該地區亦是世界遺產地之一。^[1]^[2]這些遺骸是在澳大利亞發現的最古老的現代人，有關他們的年齡在科學界一直飽受爭議。

蒙哥湖一號骸骨

蒙哥湖一號骸骨被墨爾本大學教授吉姆·鮑勒（Jim Bowler）在1969年於威蘭德拉湖區所發現。^[3] 經過放射性碳定年法鑒定，該骸骨生活在距今24,700年到19,030年前。與此同時，該骸骨下有一層厚約15釐米的木炭燃燒物，這些木炭燃燒物距今已有26,250年歷史（上下1,120年誤差）。^[4]一號骸骨也是人類迄今已知最早的被火葬的人類。^[1]^[5]

蒙哥湖三號骸骨

蒙哥湖三號骸骨於1974年被發現，是被認為生活在澳大利亞大陸最古老的人類。目前的科學研究認為他生活在距今6.8萬年到4萬年之間的更新世。

深度發現

參見

衍生閱讀

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Bowler JM, Jones R, Allen H, Thorne AG. Pleistocene human remains from Australia: a living site and human cremation from Lake Mungo, Western New South Wales.. World Archaeol. 1970, 2 (1): 39–60. PMID 16468208. doi:10.1080/00438243.1970.9979463.
^ Barbetti M, Allen H. Prehistoric man at Lake Mungo, Australia, by 32,000 years BP.. Nature. 1972, 240 (5375): 46–8. PMID 4570638. doi:10.1038/240046a0.
^ Bowler, J.M. 1970. Late Quaternary environments: a study of lakes and associated sediments in south-eastern Australia. Doctoral thesis, Australian National University, Canberra
^ Brown, Peter Lake Mungo 1 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2006-02-21. University of New England
^ Bowler, J.M. 1971. Pleistocene salinities and climatic change: Evidence from lakes and lunettes in southeastern Australia. In: Mulvaney, D.J. and Golson, J. (eds), Aboriginal Man and Environment in Australia. Canberra: Australian National University Press, pp. 47-65.

[pmid16468208-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Bowler JM, Jones R, Allen H, Thorne AG. Pleistocene human remains from Australia: a living site and human cremation from Lake Mungo, Western New South Wales.. World Archaeol. 1970, 2 (1): 39–60. PMID 16468208. doi:10.1080/00438243.1970.9979463.

[pmid4570638-2] Barbetti M, Allen H. Prehistoric man at Lake Mungo, Australia, by 32,000 years BP.. Nature. 1972, 240 (5375): 46–8. PMID 4570638. doi:10.1038/240046a0.

[3] Bowler, J.M. 1970. Late Quaternary environments: a study of lakes and associated sediments in south-eastern Australia. Doctoral thesis, Australian National University, Canberra

[Brown1-4] Brown, Peter Lake Mungo 1 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2006-02-21. University of New England

[5] Bowler, J.M. 1971. Pleistocene salinities and climatic change: Evidence from lakes and lunettes in southeastern Australia. In: Mulvaney, D.J. and Golson, J. (eds), Aboriginal Man and Environment in Australia. Canberra: Australian National University Press, pp. 47-65.

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