特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草
特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草
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| 特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草的上位籠 | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots |
| 目： | 石竹目 Caryophyllales |
| 科： | 豬籠草科 Nepenthaceae |
| 屬： | 豬籠草屬 Nepenthes |
| 種： | 特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草 N. × trusmadiensis
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| 二名法 | |
| Nepenthes × trusmadiensis | |
土魯斯瑪迪豬籠草[3]（學名：N. × trusmadiensis），又稱特魯斯馬迪豬籠草或簡稱作TM豬籠草，是由勞氏豬籠草（N. lowii）和大葉豬籠草（N. macrophylla）雜交得到的豬籠草自然雜交種。其僅存在於婆羅洲特魯斯馬迪山，也因此而得名。[3][4]
植物學史
1983年，約翰內斯·馬拉維尼（Johannes Marabini）和約翰·布里格斯（John Briggs）在特魯斯馬迪山上發現了特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草。[2]約翰·布里格斯對於該發現這樣寫道：[注 1][5][6]
| “ | 約上午8點，我們即將離開山頂的時候，約翰內斯·馬拉維尼從茂密的灌木叢中出現……拿着兩個巨大捕蟲籠。其最突出的特徵是其巨大的尺寸，大於任何存在於特魯斯馬迪山的豬籠草。後來，我們意識到這是婆羅洲豬籠草中捕蟲籠第二大的，僅次於基納巴盧山的馬來王豬籠草……有證據表明，這種新發現的豬籠草是勞氏豬籠草與愛德華豬籠草的自然雜交種。巨大的尺寸也符合這一觀點——雜交種的特徵。我們沒有時間考察這一新類群的分別。因此，我們採集了一些標本後就啟程下山了，花了三天時間回到坦布南。 | ” |
形態特徵
特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草的葉片具柄，可長達50厘米。捕蟲籠可高達35厘米，是婆羅洲豬籠草物種中較大的一種。[6][7]其表現為親本的中間型。籠蓋如勞氏豬籠草般外翻，下表面具短毛須。[4]唇具突出的唇肋和唇齒，但不如大葉豬籠草發達。[8]特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草的花序可長達50厘米，每個花梗帶2朵花。[5]儘管其捕蟲籠較大，該自然雜交種植株的體型並不大。 [4]
生態關係
特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草僅存在於特魯斯馬迪山的頂峰山脊海拔2500米至2600米處。[5]
注釋
- ^ 約翰·布里格斯敘述發現特魯斯馬迪山豬籠草的原文：[5][6]
“ We were about to leave the summit around 8.00 a.m. when Johannes Marabini emerged from a dense bush [...] holding two huge pitchers quite unlike any other species. The most striking feature was the sheer size of the pitchers—they were bigger than anything else on Trus Madi. Later on, we were to realise that they were the second biggest pitchers of all the Borneo Nepenthes—exceeded only by those of N. rajah on Kinabalu. [...] The evidence strongly suggested the new pitcher-plant was a hybrid of N. lowii and N. edwardsiana. The great size of the pitchers agreed with this idea—being characteristic of hybrids. There was no time to investigate the distribution of this new plant. So, after collecting a few specimens we set off down the mountain for the three-day trek back to Tambunan. ”
參考文獻
- ^ von Arx, B., J. Schlauer & M. Groves 2001. CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist.PDF The Cromwell Press, United Kingdom.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Marabini, J. 1983. Eine neue Nepenthes-Hybride aus Borneo. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 19: 449–452.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 79. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Briggs, J.G.R. 1984. The discovery of Nepenthes × trusmadiensis—an impressive new pitcher-plant. Malaysian Naturalist 38(2): 13–15, 18–19.
- ^ Briggs, J.G.R. 1988. Mountains of Malaysia: A Practical Guide and Manual. Longman Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
- ^ Clarke, C.M. 2001. A Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sabah. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- Fretwell, S. 2013. Back in Borneo to see giant Nepenthes. Part 3: Mt. Trusmadi and Mt. Alab. Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 109: 6–15.
- Marabini, J. 1984. A field trip to Gunong Trusmadi.PDF (442 KiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(2): 38–40.
- Marabini, J. 1996. re:nepenthes book （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 30, 1996.
- McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
