阿赫迈底亚
系列条目 |
伊斯兰教 |
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阿赫迈底亚(阿拉伯语:أحمدية;乌尔都语:احمدیہ)是一个发源于英属印度的伊斯兰教运动,由米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德于1887年在旁遮普创立。
米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德自认笃信伊斯兰教,却自称是尔萨转世,是真主任命的穆斯林的新先知,也就是审判日的判官——马赫迪。由于不承认穆罕默德是最后一位先知,因此被大多伊斯兰教的教士认定是异端。米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德死后,由于对教派领袖的产生方法存有分歧,该教派已分裂成为两派——阿赫迈底亚穆斯林会和拉合尔阿赫迈底亚运动,但绝大多数信徒属于前者。
目前许多主流伊斯兰社群拒绝承认阿赫迈底亚派为伊斯兰教教派[1],主流穆斯林对阿赫迈底亚信徒的迫害也经常发生。在巴基斯坦,这教派在佐勒菲卡尔·阿里·布托和穆罕默德·齐亚·哈克统治时代被政府宣布为非法,并被禁止自称穆斯林。
人口分布
阿赫迈底亚派信徒几乎分布于世界各国,其中主要集中在南亚、西非、东非和印尼;根据其他独立机构调查显示,全世界信仰该教派者约有1000万至2000万间,占全球穆斯林人口约1%。阿赫迈底亚人口在21世纪初期是成长最快的伊斯兰教派,目前拥有最多阿赫迈底亚信徒的国家为巴基斯坦,约有400万人口。
参考文献
- ^ 阿赫迈底亚邪教的真相. 伊斯兰之光. [2020-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17).
- ^ Anti Ahmadiyya Movement in Pakistan. Itrool. [2020-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-10).
- ^ 印尼对新疆情势的沉默. hrw. [2020-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17).
延伸阅读
- Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad. Invitation to Ahmadiyyat. Routledge & Kegan Ltd. 1980 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 0-7100-0119-3. (原始内容存档于2016-11-22).
- Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad. Ahmadiyyat or the true Islam (PDF). Islam International Publications. 1924 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 1-85372-982-5. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2008-05-12).
- Mirza Tahir Ahmad. With Love to the Muslims of the World: The Ahmadiyya Perspective (PDF). Surrey: Islam International Publications. 2004 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 1-85372-744-X. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2014-12-26).
- Mirza Tahir Ahmad. An Elementary Study of Islam. Surrey: Islam International Publications. 1985 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 1-85372-562-5. (原始内容存档于2021-09-10).
- Syed Hasanat Ahmad. An Introduction to the Hidden Treasures of Islam (PDF). Surrey: Islam International Publications. 2010 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 978-1-84880-050-2. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-08-19).
- Humphrey J Fisher. Ahmadiyya: a study in contemporary Islam on the West African coast. Nigeria: Oxford University Press. 1963.
- Yohanan Friedmann. Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford University Press. 2003. ISBN 965-264-014-X.
- Antonio R. Gualtieri. Conscience And Coercion. Canada: Guernica Editions. 1989. ISBN 0-920717-41-1.
- Antonio Gualtieri. The Ahmadis: community, gender, and politics in a Muslim society. Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press. 2004. ISBN 0-7735-2738-9.
- Shaikh Abdul Hadi. Basics of Religious Education (PDF) 5th. Canada: Islam International Publications. 2008 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 978-1882494-03-3. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-07-12).
- Farhan Iqbal; Imtiaz Ahmed Sra. With Love to Muhammad, The Khatam-un-Nabiyyin: The Ahmadiyya Muslim Understanding of Finality of Prophethood (PDF). Canada: Islam International Publications. 2014 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 978-0-9937731-0-5. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-11-26).
- Muhammad Zafarullah Khan. Ahmadiyyat: The Renaissance of Islam. Tabshir Publications. 1978. ISBN 0-85525-015-1.
- Korbel, Jonathan; Preckel, Claudia. Ghulām Aḥmad al-Qādiyānī: The Messiah of the Christians—Peace upon Him—in India (India, 1908). Bentlage, Björn; Eggert, Marion; Krämer, Hans-Martin; Reichmuth, Stefan (编). Religious Dynamics under the Impact of Imperialism and Colonialism. Numen Book Series 154. Leiden: Brill Publishers. 2016: 426–442 [10 November 2020]. ISBN 978-90-04-32511-1. doi:10.1163/9789004329003_034. (原始内容存档于2021-11-04).
- Simon Ross Valentine. Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat: history, belief, practice. Columbia University Press. 2008 [2021-09-10]. ISBN 978-0-231-70094-8. (原始内容存档于2021-09-10).
- Karimullah Zirvi. Welcome to Ahmadiyyat, the True Islam (PDF). Islam International Publications. [2021-09-10]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-02-02).
外部链接
阿赫迈底亚穆斯林会
- Official International 官方网站 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Official Chinese 阿赫迈底亚会官方网站 - 中文 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Official Website of JALSA SALANA the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Australia (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Austria (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Bangladesh (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Belgium (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Canada (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat France (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Germany (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Indonesia
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat New Zealand (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Sweden (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Switzerland (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community UK and Ireland (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community USA (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Spain (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Islam Ahmadiyyat - Revival of Faith Documentary (2008) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
拉合尔阿赫迈底亚运动
- Official Website of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam -- Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat-e-Islam Lahore (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
其他相关链接
- Persecution of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Article regarding death of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Dawat-e-Lillah Articles - Ahmadiyya articles at eSnips both in Urdu and in English languages and as well as in Arabic
反对者的意见
- The Qadiani Sect by Yusuf Smith - A Muslim convert's Point of View (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - Alhafeez.org Anti Ahmadiyya Anti Shia Anti Barelvi, Anti Ismaieli website
- Qadiyanism: A Brief Survey - The Institute of Islamic Information and Education, USA
- Allama Iqbal on Ahmadism (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - ServantsofAllah.org
- Sir Muhammad Iqbal and the Ahmadiyya Movement (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - Iqbal's sympathies and support for the Ahmadiyya Movement
- The Problem Of Qadiyanism by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - Ummah.com Anti Ahmadiyya Anti Shia Anti Barelvi, Anti Ismaieli website
- Mirza Qadiani's Anti-Islamic Claims by Dr. Syed Rashid Ali (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - Islamicweb
- Finality of Prophethood by Abul A'la Maududi - youngmuslims.com
- Darul Ishaat - Learn the truth about Islam
- AboutAhmadiyya.com - Information about Ahmadiyya movement
批评者的意见
- - Replies to miscellaneous allegations
- Confession of few facts by severe opponents of Ahmadis like Dr, Israr Ahmad.Positive remarks about Ahmadiyyat and Founder of Ahmadiyyat by Allama Iqbal, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and bitter opponent of Ahmadiyyat Dr. Israr Ahmad.A video Clip from ARY Digital, A famous satellite TV channel)
- Allama Iqbal on Ahmadism (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - ServantsofAllah.org
- Khatm-e-Nubuwwat (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Anti Corruption (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)