方法演技
方法演技,又称演技方法(英语:Method acting),是令演员完全融入角色中的表演方式,除了演员本人的性格之外,也要创造角色本身的性格及生活,务求写实地演绎角色。
方法演技由俄国戏剧大师史坦尼斯拉夫斯基提倡,他十分关注演员的表演方法,并认为演员必须精于观察事实,揣摩现实生活中的行为,亦应对心理学、语言学有基础认识,想像出演绎角色的心理状况、地方特色(例:伦敦人饰演北英人和德州美国人的口音差别),以便演活角色。
应用
许多著名演员,包含曾夺奥斯卡最佳男主角奖的马龙·白兰度、艾尔·帕西诺、劳勃·狄尼洛、达斯汀·霍夫曼、丹尼尔·戴-路易斯、克里斯汀·贝尔,都擅于透过方法演技演绎角色。亚洲人例子包括梁朝伟[1](曾因剧情需要而接受三年武术训练)、黄秋生、崔岷植。
坏处
方法演技式演员因为长时间投入在角色里面,可能导致在现实生活无法跳脱角色而引致忧郁症、烟酒上瘾;为求逼真而改变身形 (例:克里斯汀·贝尔 在2004年出演《迷魂杀阵》前减重27公斤)[2],会引致厌食症、虚脱、高(低)血压。如果同时拍摄多部作品,更有可能引致人格分裂。
参考
Articles
- Mel Gussow: "The Method, Still Disputed But Now Ubiquitous," (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) The New York Times (April 14, 1987)
Major books on Method acting
- The Technique of Acting by Stella Adler
- Acting—The First Six Lessons by Richard Boleslavsky
- To the Actor by Michael Chekhov
- A Dream of Passion by Lee Strasberg
- Sanford Meisner on Acting by Sanford Meisner
- Method—or Madness? by Robert Lewis
- Advice to the Players by Robert Lewis
- Respect for Acting by Uta Hagen
- No Acting Please by Eric Morris and Joan Hotchkis
- Strasberg's Method: As Taught by Lorrie Hull by S. Loraine Hull
- Life and Acting: Techniques for the Actor by Jack Garfein
- The Power of the Actor by Ivana Chubbuck
Books on contemporary approaches to Method acting
- The Intent to Live by Larry Moss
- Dreamwork for Actors by Janet Sonenberg
- O poetică a artei actorului (Poetics of the actor's art) by Ion Cojar
- Rosemary Malague: An Actress Prepares: Women and "the Method", London & New York: Routledge, 2011
- ^ Tony Leung Chiu Wai – Page 4. wongkarwai.net. [2020-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-30) (美国英语).
- ^ IGN Interviews Christian Bale - IGN, [2020-11-06], (原始内容存档于2020-08-06) (英语)