二千坚尼锦标
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英国二千坚尼 | |
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![]() 1874年二千坚尼锦标, 版画, Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, 1874年5月 |
英国二千坚尼锦标(2000 Guineas Stakes)是一场只限三岁雄马及雌马参赛的平地国际一级赛事。每年四月末或五月初举行,路程为一哩(1609米),于新市场马场的罗利赛道上竞逐。
这场赛事是英国五场经典赛事之一,也是每年最先举行的经典赛。它与次关叶森打吡和尾关圣烈治锦标合组成英国三冠系列,近年已甚少马匹能连赢三关。
历史
首届二千坚尼锦标于1809年4月18日举行,比只限雌马参与的一千坚尼锦标早了五年。这两场三岁赛事,都是叶森打吡共同创办人、赛马会董事查尔斯·班伯里爵士一手促成。赛事以奖金总额来命名(1坚尼相当于21先令或1.05英镑)。
至1860年代中期,二千坚尼已被视为其中一场最顶级的三岁马赛事。这个年龄组别最顶级的五场比赛(一千坚尼锦标、二千坚尼锦标、橡树大赛、叶森打吡、圣烈治锦标,特色是距离一场比一场长),渐被人们称为经典赛。经典赛的概念,后来更传到其他国家。
欧洲不同国家都有二千坚尼赛事,包括爱尔兰的爱尔兰二千坚尼、德国的Mehl-Mülhens-Rennen、法国的Poule d'Essai des Poulains和意大利的Premio Parioli;而在欧洲以外的国家,也有澳洲的澳洲坚尼和日本的皋月赏。
参加二千坚尼的马匹,通常会以卡拉芬锦标或格拉咸锦标作热身,所以这两场比赛一般被视为二千坚尼的预赛。也有马匹完全不作热身便走上二千坚尼战场。而二千坚尼本身也可作为叶森打吡的预赛,对上一匹能赢取这两场一级赛的是2012年的帝皇城堡。另一方面,2018年的冠军硕信尚武成为首只大震撼的子嗣胜出英国经典赛事。
自2001年起,一千坚尼的奖金提升至与二千坚尼相同。2016年起两者的奖金金额俱为50万英镑[1]。
历届冠军
年份 | 马匹 | 骑师 | 练马师 | 马主 | 时间 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1809 | Wizard | Bill Clift | Tom Perren | Christopher Wilson | |
1810 | Hephestion | Frank Buckle | Robert Robson | 2nd Earl Grosvenor | |
1811 | Trophonius | Sam Barnard | Dixon Boyce | Robert Andrew | |
1812 | Cwrw | Sam Chifney Jr. | William Chifney | 3rd Earl of Darlington | |
1813 | Smolensko | H. Miller | Crouch | Sir Charles Bunbury | |
1814 | Olive | Bill Arnull | Dixon Boyce | Charles Wyndham | |
1815 | Tigris | Bill Arnull | Dixon Boyce | 1st Baron Rous | |
1816 | Nectar | Bill Arnull | Dixon Boyce | Lord George Cavendish | |
1817 | Manfred | Will Wheatley | Robert Stephenson | Scott Stonehewer | |
1818 | Interpreter | Bill Clift | Richard Prince | 3rd Baron Foley | |
1819 | Antar | Edward Edwards [2] | James Edwards | Sir John Shelley | |
1820 | Pindarrie | Frank Buckle | Robert Robson | 4th Duke of Grafton | |
1821 | Reginald | Frank Buckle | Robert Robson | 4th Duke of Grafton | |
1822 | Pastille ‡ | Frank Buckle | Robert Robson | 4th Duke of Grafton | |
1823 | Nicolo | Will Wheatley | Joe Rogers | Joe Rogers | |
1824 | Schahriar | Will Wheatley | James Haffenden | ||
1825 | Enamel | Jem Robinson | Charles Marson | 2nd Marquess of Exeter | |
1826 | Dervise | John Barham Day | Robert Robson | 4th Duke of Grafton | |
1827 | Turcoman | Frank Buckle | Robert Robson | 4th Duke of Grafton | |
1828 | Cadland | Jem Robinson | Dixon Boyce | 5th Duke of Rutland | |
1829 | Patron | Frank Boyce | Charles Marson | 2nd Marquess of Exeter | |
1830 | Augustus | Patrick Conolly | Charles Marson | 2nd Marquess of Exeter | |
1831 | Riddlesworth | Jem Robinson | James Edwards | 5th Earl of Jersey | |
1832 | Archibald | Arthur Pavis | Jonathan Peel | ||
1833 | Clearwell | Jem Robinson | 3rd Earl of Orford | ||
1834 | Glencoe | Jem Robinson | James Edwards | 5th Earl of Jersey | |
1835 | Ibrahim | Jem Robinson | James Edwards | 5th Earl of Jersey | |
1836 | Bay Middleton | Jem Robinson | James Edwards | 5th Earl of Jersey | |
1837 | Achmet | Edward Edwards | James Edwards | 5th Earl of Jersey | |
1838 | Grey Momus | John Barham Day | John Barham Day | Lord George Bentinck | |
1839 | The Corsair | Bill Wakefield | John Doe | 1st Earl of Lichfield | |
1840 | Crucifix ‡ | John Barham Day | John Barham Day | Lord George Bentinck | |
1841 | Ralph | John Barham Day | W. Edwards | 4th Earl of Albemarle | |
1842 | Meteor | Bill Scott | John Scott | John Bowes | |
1843 | Cotherstone | Bill Scott | John Scott | John Bowes | |
1844 | The Ugly Buck | John Day | John Barham Day | John Barham Day | |
1845 | Idas | Nat Flatman | Robert Boyce Jr. | 2nd Earl of Stradbroke | |
1846 | Sir Tatton Sykes | Bill Scott | William Oates | Bill Scott | |
1847 | Conyngham | Jem Robinson | John Day | Sir Robert Pigot | |
1848 | Flatcatcher | Jem Robinson | Henry Stebbing | B. Green | |
1849 | Nunnykirk | Frank Butler | John Scott | Anthony Nichol | |
1850 | Pitsford | Alfred Day | John Day | Harry Hill | |
1851 | Hernandez | Nat Flatman | John Kent Jr. | Viscount Enfield | |
1852 | Stockwell | John Norman | William Harlock | 2nd Marquess of Exeter | |
1853 | West Australian † | Frank Butler | John Scott | John Bowes | |
1854 | The Hermit | Alfred Day | John Day | John Gully | |
1855 | Lord of the Isles | Tom Aldcroft | William Day | James Merry | |
1856 | Fazzoletto | Nat Flatman | John Scott | 14th Earl of Derby | |
1857 | Vedette | John Osborne Jr. | George Abdale | 2nd Earl of Zetland | 1:51.00 |
1858 | Fitz-Roland | John Wells | George Manning | Sir Joseph Hawley | |
1859 | The Promised Land | Alfred Day | William Day | William Day | |
1860 | The Wizard | Tom Ashmall | John Scott | Anthony Nichol | |
1861 | Diophantus | Arthur Edwards | Joseph Dawson | 7th Earl of Stamford | 1:43.00 |
1862 | The Marquis | Tom Ashmall | John Scott | Stanhope Hawke | |
1863 | Macaroni | Tom Chaloner | James Godding | Richard Naylor | |
1864 | General Peel | Tom Aldcroft | Tom Dawson | 5th Earl of Glasgow | 1:48.50 |
1865 | Gladiateur † | Harry Grimshaw | Tom Jennings, Sr. | Frédéric de Lagrange | |
1866 | Lord Lyon † | R. Thomas | James Dover | Richard Sutton | |
1867 | Vauban | George Fordham | John Day | 8th Duke of Beaufort | |
1868 (dh) |
Formosa † ‡ Moslem |
George Fordham Tom Chaloner |
Henry Woolcott Alec Taylor, Sr. |
William Graham William Stirling Crawfurd |
|
1869 | Pretender | John Osborne Jr. | Tom Dawson | John Johnstone | |
1870 | Macgregor | John Daley | J. Waugh | James Merry | |
1871 | Bothwell | John Osborne Jr. | Tom Dawson | John Johnstone | |
1872 | Prince Charlie | John Osborne Jr. | Joseph Dawson | Joseph Dawson | |
1873 | Gang Forward | Tom Chaloner | Alec Taylor, Sr. | William Stirling Crawfurd | 1:46.00 |
1874 | Atlantic | Fred Archer | Mathew Dawson | 6th Viscount Falmouth | |
1875 | Camballo | John Osborne Jr. | Mathew Dawson | Clare Vyner | |
1876 | Petrarch | Harry Luke | John Dawson, Sr. | Viscount Dupplin | |
1877 | Chamant | Jem Goater | Tom Jennings, Sr. | Frédéric de Lagrange | 1:50.00 |
1878 | Pilgrimage ‡ | Tom Cannon, Sr. | Joe Cannon | 4th Earl of Lonsdale | 1:56.00 |
1879 | Charibert | Fred Archer | Mathew Dawson | 6th Viscount Falmouth | 1:51.00 |
1880 | Petronel | George Fordham | Joe Cannon | 8th Duke of Beaufort | 1:52.00 |
1881 | Peregrine | Fred Webb | Robert Peck | 1st Duke of Westminster | 1:49.00 |
1882 | Shotover ‡ | Tom Cannon, Sr. | John Porter | 1st Duke of Westminster | 1:53.40 |
1883 | Galliard | Fred Archer | Mathew Dawson | 6th Viscount Falmouth | 1:50.40 |
1884 | Scot Free | Billy Platt | Tom Chaloner | John Foy | 1:48.00 |
1885 | Paradox | Fred Archer | John Porter | William Broderick Cloete | 1:51.40 |
1886 | Ormonde † | George Barrett | John Porter | 1st Duke of Westminster | 1:46.80 |
1887 | Enterprise | Tom Cannon, Sr. | James Ryan | Douglas Baird | 1:45.60 |
1888 | Ayrshire | John Osborne Jr. | George Dawson | 6th Duke of Portland | 1:52.20 |
1889 | Enthusiast | Tom Cannon, Sr. | James Ryan | Douglas Baird | 1:45.20 |
1890 | Surefoot | John Liddiard | Charles Jousiffe | Archie Merry | 1:49.80 |
1891 | Common † | George Barrett | John Porter | 1st Baron Alington | 1:47.00 |
1892 | Bona Vista | Jack Robinson | William Arthur Jarvis | Charles Day Rose | 1:54.00 |
1893 | Isinglass † | Tommy Loates | James Jewitt | Harry McCalmont | 1:42.40 |
1894 | Ladas | John Watts | Mathew Dawson | 5th Earl of Rosebery | 1:44.20 |
1895 | Kirkconnel | John Watts | Jos Day | Sir John Blundell Maple | 1:42.40 |
1896 | St Frusquin | Tommy Loates | Alfred Hayhoe | Leopold de Rothschild | 1:43.60 |
1897 | Galtee More † | Charles Wood | Sam Darling | John Gubbins | 1:40.60 |
1898 | Disraeli | Sam Loates | John Dawson, Sr. | Wallace Johnstone | 1:41.80 |
1899 | Flying Fox † | Morny Cannon | John Porter | 1st Duke of Westminster | 1:43.00 |
1900 | Diamond Jubilee † | Herbert Jones | Richard Marsh | 威尔斯亲王 | 1:41.60 |
1901 | Handicapper | Bill Halsey | Fred Day | Sir Ernest Cassel | 1:43.00 |
1902 | Sceptre † ‡ | Herbert Randall | Bob Sievier | Bob Sievier | 1:39.00 |
1903 | Rock Sand † | Skeets Martin | George Blackwell | Sir James Miller | 1:42.00 |
1904 | St Amant | Kempton Cannon | Alfred Hayhoe | Leopold de Rothschild | 1:38.80 |
1905 | Vedas | Herbert Jones | Jack Robinson | West de Wend-Fenton | 1:41.20 |
1906 | Gorgos | Herbert Jones | Richard Marsh | Arthur James | 1:43.80 |
1907 | Slieve Gallion | Billy Higgs | Sam Darling | Henry Greer | 1:41.80 |
1908 | Norman | Otto Madden | John Watson | August Belmont Jr. | 1:44.60 |
1909 | Minoru | Herbert Jones | Richard Marsh | 爱德华七世 | 1:37.80 |
1910 | Neil Gow | Danny Maher | Percy Peck | 5th Earl of Rosebery | 1:40.40 |
1911 | Sunstar | George Stern | Charles Morton | Jack Barnato Joel | 1:37.60 |
1912 | Sweeper | Danny Maher | Atty Persse | Herman Duryea | 1:38.40 |
1913 | Louvois | Johnny Reiff | Dawson Waugh | Walter Raphael | 1:38.80 |
1914 | Kennymore | George Stern | Alec Taylor Jr. | Sir John Thursby | 1:38.00 |
1915 | Pommern † | Steve Donoghue | Charles Peck | Solomon Joel | 1:43.40 |
1916 | Clarissimus | Jimmy Clark | Willie Waugh | 7th Viscount Falmouth | 1:39.60 |
1917 | Gay Crusader † | Steve Donoghue | Alec Taylor Jr. | Alfred Cox | 1:40.80 |
1918 | Gainsborough † | Joe Childs | Alec Taylor Jr. | Lady James Douglas | 1:44.60 |
1919 | The Panther | Dick Cooper | George Manser | Sir Alec Black | 1:44.40 |
1920 | Tetratema | Brownie Carslake | Atty Persse | Dermot McCalmont | 1:43.20 |
1921 | Craig an Eran | John Brennan | Alec Taylor Jr. | 2nd Viscount Astor | 1:41.60 |
1922 | St Louis | George Archibald | Peter Gilpin | 1st Baron Queenborough | 1:43.60 |
1923 | Ellangowan | Charlie Elliott | Jack Jarvis | 5th Earl of Rosebery | 1:37.80 |
1924 | Diophon | George Hulme | Dick Dawson | 阿加汗三世 | 1:39.00 |
1925 | Manna | Steve Donoghue | Fred Darling | Henry Morriss | 1:39.40 |
1926 | Colorado | Tommy Weston | George Lambton | 17th Earl of Derby | 1:43.60 |
1927 | Adam's Apple | Jack Leach | Harry Cottrill | Charles Whitburn | 1:38.20 |
1928 | Flamingo | Charlie Elliott | Jack Jarvis | Sir Laurence Philipps | 1:38.80 |
1929 | Mr Jinks | Harry Beasley | Atty Persse | Dermot McCalmont | 1:39.80 |
1930 | Diolite | Freddie Fox | Fred Templeman | Sir Hugo Hirst | 1:42.40 |
1931 | Cameronian | Joe Childs | Fred Darling | Arthur Dewar | 1:39.40 |
1932 | Orwell | Bobby Jones | Joseph Lawson | Washington Singer | 1:42.40 |
1933 | Rodosto | Roger Brethès | Harry Count | Princesse de Lucinge | 1:40.40 |
1934 | Colombo | Rae Johnstone | Thomas Hogg | 1st Baron Glanely | 1:40.00 |
1935 | Bahram † | Freddie Fox | Frank Butters | 阿加汗三世 | 1:41.40 |
1936 | Pay Up | Bobby Dick | Joseph Lawson | 2nd Viscount Astor | 1:39.60 |
1937 | Le Ksar | Charles Semblat | Frank Carter | Evremond de Saint-Alary | 1:44.60 |
1938 | Pasch | Gordon Richards | Fred Darling | Henry Morriss | 1:38.80 |
1939 | Blue Peter | Eph Smith | Jack Jarvis | 6th Earl of Rosebery | 1:39.40 |
1940 | Djebel | Charlie Elliott | Albert Swann | Marcel Boussac | 1:42.60 |
1941 | Lambert Simnel | Charlie Elliott | Fred Templeman | 2nd Duke of Westminster | 1:42.60 |
1942 | Big Game | Gordon Richards | Fred Darling | HM King George VI | 1:40.80 |
1943 | Kingsway | Sam Wragg | Joseph Lawson | Alfred Saunders | 1:37.60 |
1944 | Garden Path ‡ | Harry Wragg | Walter Earl | 17th Earl of Derby | 1:39.60 |
1945 | Court Martial | Cliff Richards | Joseph Lawson | 2nd Viscount Astor | 1:40.80 |
1946 | Happy Knight | Tommy Weston | Henri Jelliss | Sir William Cooke | 1:38.20 |
1947 | Tudor Minstrel | Gordon Richards | Fred Darling | Arthur Dewar | 1:37.80 |
1948 | My Babu | Charlie Smirke | Sam Armstrong | HH Maharaja of Baroda | 1:35.80 |
1949 | Nimbus | Charlie Elliott | George Colling | Marion Glenister | 1:38.00 |
1950 | Palestine | Charlie Smirke | Marcus Marsh | 阿加汗三世 | 1:36.80 |
1951 | Ki Ming | Scobie Breasley | Michael Beary | Ley On | 1:42.00 |
1952 | Thunderhead | Roger Poincelet | Etienne Pollet | Eugène Constant | 1:42.48 |
1953 | Nearula | Edgar Britt | Charles Elsey | William Humble | 1:38.26 |
1954 | Darius | Manny Mercer | Harry Wragg | Sir Percy Loraine | 1:39.45 |
1955 | Our Babu | Doug Smith | Geoffrey Brooke | David Robinson | 1:38.83 |
1956 | Gilles de Retz | Frank Barlow | Helen Johnson Houghton[a] | Anthony Samuel | 1:38.76 |
1957 | Crepello | 柏葛 | Noel Murless | 沙宣爵士 | 1:38.24 |
1958 | Pall Mall | Doug Smith | Cecil Boyd-Rochfort | 伊莉沙白二世 | 1:39.43 |
1959 | Taboun | 佐治摩亚 | 夏雅历 | Prince Aly Khan | 1:42.42 |
1960 | Martial | Ron Hutchinson | Paddy Prendergast | Reginald Webster | 1:38.33 |
1961 | Rockavon | Norman Stirk | George Boyd | Thomas Yuill | 1:39.46 |
1962 | Privy Councillor | Bill Rickaby | Tom Waugh | Gerald Glover | 1:38.74 |
1963 | Only for Life | 连利 | Jeremy Tree | Monica Sheriffe | 1:45.00 |
1964 | Baldric | Bill Pyers | Ernie Fellows | Mrs Howell Jackson | 1:38.44 |
1965 | Niksar | Duncan Keith | Walter Nightingall | Wilfred Harvey | 1:43.31 |
1966 | Kashmir | 连利 | Mick Bartholomew | Peter Butler | 1:40.68 |
1967 | 皇宫 | 佐治摩亚 | Noel Murless | Jim Joel | 1:39.37 |
1968 | Sir Ivor | 柏葛 | 欧伯恩 | Raymond Guest | 1:39.26 |
1969 | Right Tack | 卢亦思 | John Sutcliffe, Jr. | Jim Brown | 1:41.65 |
1970 | 尼真斯基 | 柏葛 | 欧伯恩 | Charles Engelhard | 1:41.54 |
1971 | 格烈准将 | 缪沙 | 香迪奇 | Jean Hislop | 1:39.20 |
1972 | High Top | 嘉逊 | Bernard van Cutsem | Sir Jules Thorn | 1:40.82 |
1973 | Mon Fils | Frankie Durr | 向能 | Brenda Davis | 1:42.97 |
1974 | Nonoalco | 冼马田 | 包添 | María Félix Berger | 1:39.58 |
1975 | Bolkonski | 戴达利 | 施素尔 | Carlo d'Alessio | 1:39.49 |
1976 | Wollow | 戴达利 | 施素尔 | Carlo d'Alessio | 1:38.09 |
1977 | Nebbiolo | Gabriel Curran | 彭达嘉 | Niels Schibbye | 1:38.54 |
1978 | Roland Gardens | Frankie Durr | Duncan Sasse | John Hayter | 1:47.33 |
1979 | Tap On Wood | 高梵 | 侯尔仕 | Tony Shead | 1:43.60 |
1980 | Known Fact b | 嘉逊 | Jeremy Tree | 鸭都拿王子 | 1:40.46 |
1981 | To-Agori-Mou | 史达琪 | 夏活 | Andry Muinos | 1:41.43 |
1982 | Zino | 赫德 | 包添 | Gerry Oldham | 1:37.13 |
1983 | Lomond | 魏德礼 | 欧伯恩 | 罗拔桑士达 | 1:43.87 |
1984 | El Gran Senor | 魏德礼 | 欧伯恩 | 罗拔桑士达 | 1:37.41 |
1985 | Shadeed | 柏葛 | 司徒德 | 麦通酋长 | 1:37.41 |
1986 | 勇舞 | 史达琪 | 夏活 | 鸭都拿王子 | 1:40.00 |
1987 | Don't Forget Me | 嘉逊 | 向能 | James Horgan | 1:36.74 |
1988 | Doyoun | 史永邦 | 司徒德 | 阿加汗四世 | 1:41.73 |
1989 | 那时还 | 嘉逊 | 香迪奇 | 咸顿酋长 | 1:36.44 |
1990 | 提洛尔 | 靳能 | 向能 | John Horgan | 1:35.84 |
1991 | 奥秘 | 罗拔时 | 白礼顿 | Lady Beaverbrook | 1:37.83 |
1992 | 特里安卢 | 柏葛 | 卓普咸 | 罗拔桑士达 | 1:38.37 |
1993 | 沙坊力 | 魏德礼 | 费伯华 | 鸭都拿王子 | 1:35.32 |
1994 | 百利先生 | 韦法 | 张仕顿 | G. R. Bailey Ltd | 1:35.08 |
1995 | 百利金 | 查尔尼 | 费伯华 | 穆罕默德酋长 | 1:35.16 |
1996 | Mark of Esteem | 戴图理 | 苏莱 | 高多芬 | 1:37.59 |
1997 | 企业家 | 靳能 | 司徒德 | Tabor / Magnier | 1:35.64 |
1998 | 王中王 | 靳能 | 岳伯仁 | Magnier / Tabor | 1:39.25 |
1999 | 沙岛 | 戴图理 | 苏莱 | 高多芬 | 1:37.14 |
2000 | 皇中王 | 范义龙 | 司徒德爵士 | Saeed Suhail | 1:37.77 |
2001 | 哥兰名驹 | 范义龙 | 司徒德爵士 | Lord Weinstock | 1:37.48 |
2002 | 直布罗山 | 莫狄 | 岳伯仁 | 费格逊爵士 / Magnier | 1:36.50 |
2003 | 坚毅不屈 | 施慕龄 | 卫尔德 | Moyglare Stud Farm | 1:37.98 |
2004 | Haafhd | 侯理察 | 侯尔仕 | 咸顿酋长 | 1:36.64 |
2005 | Footstepsinthesand | 范义龙 | 岳伯仁 | Tabor / Magnier | 1:36.10 |
2006 | 华盛顿 | 范义龙 | 岳伯仁 | Magnier / Tabor / Smith | 1:36.86 |
2007 | Cockney Rebel | 柏兆雷 | Geoff Huffer | Phil Cunningham | 1:35.28 |
2008 | 亨利先锋 | 莫狄 | 岳伯仁 | Sue Magnier | 1:39.14 |
2009 | 海都之星 | 靳能 | 岳斯 | 崔家亮 | 1:35.88 |
2010 | 马劲飞 | 李慕华 | 杜诚高 | Mathieu Offenstadt | 1:36.35 |
2011 | 范高尔 | 祁义理 | 施素尔爵士 | 鸭都拿王子 | 1:37.30 |
2012 | 帝皇城堡 | 岳本贤 | 岳伯仁 | Smith / Magnier / Tabor | 1:42.46 |
2013 | 黎明路向 | 万宁 | 鲍尔杰 | 高多芬 | 1:35.84 |
2014 | 雷霆夜 | 范义龙 | 向礼伦 | Saeed Manana | 1:36.61 |
2015 | 教堂峡谷 | 莫雅 | 岳伯仁 | Smith / Magnier / Tabor | 1:37.55 |
2016 | 天文金骏 | 戴图理 | 彭晓高 | Al Shaqab Racing | 1:35:91 |
2017 | 邱吉尔 | 莫雅 | 岳伯仁 | Smith / Magnier / Tabor | 1:36:61 |
2018 | 硕信尚武 | 岳品贤 | 岳伯仁 | Smith / Magnier / Tabor | 1:36:55 |
2019 | 大希腊 | 岳品贤 | 岳伯仁 | Smith /Mrs Magnier / Tabor / Flaxman Stables | 1:36:84 |
2020 | 佳明骥 | 莫艾诚 | 包义定 | Qatar Racing | 1:34.72 |
2021 | 诗情绽放 | 万宁 | 鲍尔杰 | Jackie Bolger | 1:35.69 |
2022 | 夺标先驱 | 杜俊诚 | 艾柏宾 | 高多芬 | 1:36.27 |
a 官方公布Gilles de Retz的练马师是Charles Jerdein,因为1956年时英国赛马会仍未准许女性持有练马师牌照。
b 雷里耶夫虽然是首匹过终点的参赛马,但经竞赛小组研讯后被贬为最后一名。
参考来源
- ^ Purse Hikes For Newmarket Classics. thoroughbreddailynews. 2016-02-23 [2016-06-08]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-06).
- ^ Randall, John; Morris, Tony. Horse Racing: The Records. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1985: 14. ISBN 0-85112-446-1.