英语不规则动词

本条目包含了英语中常用的不规则动词。完整的不规则动词表可参见英语不规则动词列表。

英语中有大约 200 个不规则动词，如果把前缀派生词也计算在内的话，则会更多。在大多数情况下，不规则动词的不规则性体现在过去式和过去分词上。

通常来说，不规则动词的第三人称单数和现在分词的屈折变化（分别是加 -[e]s 或 -ing 后缀）是规则的，但也有一些例外：如动词 be, have, do, go, say 等。有些情态动词则没有部分屈折形态。

英语中的不规则动词包含了日常生活中最常用的动词。英语中的新词（如外来词）往往遵循一般的屈折变化，除非它们的词根是一个不规则动词（如 housesit 遵循和 sit 一样的不规则屈折变化）。

现代英语中的许多不规则动词由日耳曼语强变化动词派生而来，这些动词往往通过元音变换来体现屈折形式，比如现代英语中 sing-sang-sung。相对的，规则动词在词尾加 -ed 的屈折变化，则是来源于日耳曼语弱变化动词在词尾加齿音（-t 或 -d）的习惯。

有关动词英语中规则动词变位的信息，可参见英语动词条目。

列表

本列表包含 204 个标签现代英语中常用的不规则动词。罕用的、仅在方言中使用的，或是参古旧的用法不包含在此列表内。通过给基础动词加上前缀形成的大部分动词（如 unbend, understand, mistake 等）也不包含在内。不收录非限定动词（如 clad, sodden 等）。

完整的列表请参见英语不规则动词列表。每个单词的发音及释义，请参见维基词典。

• a- : for abide, arise, awake, see bide, rise, wake
• be (am, is, are) – was, were – been
• be- : for become, befall, beset, etc. see come, fall, set, etc.
• bear – bore – borne [spelt born in passive and adjectival uses relating to birth]
• beat – beat – beaten
• beget – begot – begot(ten) [Biblical past tense: begat]
• begin – began – begun
• bend – bent – bent
• bet – bet – bet [past tense and participle also sometimes betted]
• beware – [defective]
• bid – bid – bid [as in an auction]
• bid – bade/bid – bidden/bid [meaning "request"]
• bide – bided/bode – bided/bidden [but abide mostly uses the regular forms only]
• bind – bound – bound
• bite – bit – bitten
• bleed – bled – bled
• blow – blew – blown
• break – broke – broken
• breed – bred – bred
• bring – brought – brought
• build – built – built
• burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned
• burst – burst – burst
• buy – bought – bought
• can – could [defective]
• cast – cast – cast [prefixed forms broadcast, forecast, etc. sometimes take -ed]
• catch – caught – caught
• choose – chose – chosen
• clad – clad/cladded – clad/cladded [clad is also sometimes used as past form of clothe]
• cleave – clove/cleft – cloven/cleft [but regular when meaning "adhere"]
• cling – clung – clung
• come – came – come
• cost – cost – cost [but regular when meaning "calculate the cost of"]
• creep – crept/creeped – crept/creeped
• crow – crowed/crew – crowed [crew normally used only of a cock's crowing]
• cut – cut – cut
• dare – regular except for possible third person singular present dare
• deal – dealt – dealt
• dig – dug – dug
• dive – dived/dove – dived [the form dove is chiefly American]
• do (does /dʌz/) – did – done
• drag – dragged/drug – dragged/drug [the form drug is chiefly dialectal]
• draw – drew – drawn
• dream – dreamed/dreamt – dreamed/dreamt
• drink – drank – drunk
• drive – drove – driven
• dwell – dwelt/dwelled – dwelt/dwelled
• eat – ate – eaten
• fall – fell – fallen
• feed – fed – fed
• feel – felt – felt
• fight – fought – fought
• find – found – found
• fit – fit/fitted – fit/fitted
• flee – fled – fled
• fling – flung – flung
• fly – flew – flown [the form flied is common in the baseball sense]
• for(e)- : for forgo, foresee, etc. see go, see, etc.
• forbid – forbade/forbid – forbidden
• forget – forgot – forgotten
• forsake – forsook – forsaken
• freeze – froze – frozen
• get – got – gotten/got [past participle got in British English, gotten in American, but see have got]
• gild – gilded/gilt – gilded/gilt
• give – gave – given
• go – went – gone [see also have been]
• grind – ground – ground
• grow – grew – grown
• hang – hung/hanged – hung/hanged [the form hanged is more common in the sense of execution by hanging]
• have (has) – had – had
• hear – heard – heard
• hew – hewed – hewn/hewed
• hide – hid – hidden
• hit – hit – hit
• hoist – hoist/hoisted – hoist/hoisted
• hold – held – held
• hurt – hurt – hurt
• in- : for inlay, input, etc. see lay, put, etc.
• inter- : for interlay, interweave, etc. see lay, weave, etc.
• keep – kept – kept
• kneel – knelt/kneeled – knelt/kneeled
• knit – knit/knitted – knit/knitted
• know – knew – known
• lay – laid – laid
• lead – led – led
• lean – leaned/leant – leaned/leant
• leap – leaped/leapt – leaped/leapt
• learn – learned/learnt – learned/learnt
• leave – left – left
• lend – lent – lent
• let – let – let
• lie – lay – lain [but regular when meaning "tell an untruth"]
• light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted
• lose – lost – lost
• make – made – made
• may – might [defective]
• mean – meant – meant
• meet – met – met
• mis- : for misspeak, mistake, etc. see speak, take, etc.
• mow – mowed – mowed/mown
• must – [defective]
• need – regular except for possible third person singular present need
• off- : for offset see set, etc.
• ought – [defective]
• out- : for outbid, output, etc. see bid, put, etc.
• over- : for overbid, overdo, etc. see bid, do, etc.
• pay – paid – paid [but sometimes spelt regularly when meaning "let out" (rope etc.)]
• plead – pleaded/pled – pleaded/pled
• pre- : for prepay, preset, etc. see pay, set, etc.
• prove – proved – proved/proven
• put – put – put
• quit – quit – quit
• re- : for redo, remake, etc. see do, make, etc.
• read /riːd/ – read /rɛd/ – read /rɛd/
• rend – rent – rent
• rid – rid/ridded – rid/ridded/ridden
• ride – rode – ridden
• ring – rang – rung
• rise – rose – risen
• run – ran – run
• saw – sawed – sawn/sawed
• say (says /sɛz/) – said – said
• see – saw – seen
• seek – sought – sought
• sell – sold – sold
• send – sent – sent
• set – set – set
• sew – sewed – sewn/sewed
• shake – shook – shaken
• shall – should [defective]
• shear – sheared/shore – shorn/sheared
• shed – shed – shed
• shine – shone/shined – shone/shined
• shit – shat/shit/shitted – shat/shit/shitted
• shoe – shoed/shod – shoed/shod
• shoot – shot – shot
• show – showed – shown/showed
• shrink – shrank/shrunk – shrunk
• shrive – shrove – shriven
• shut – shut – shut
• sing – sang – sung
• sink – sank – sunk
• sit – sat – sat
• slay – slew/slayed – slain/slayed
• sleep – slept – slept
• slide – slid – slid
• sling – slung – slung
• slink – slunk – slunk
• slit – slit – slit
• smell – smelled/smelt – smelled/smelt
• smite – smote – smitten
• sneak – sneaked/snuck – sneaked/snuck [snuck is chiefly American, is regarded as informal and is only cited from 1887]
• sow – sowed – sown/sowed
• speak – spoke – spoken
• speed – sped/speeded – sped/speeded
• spell – spelled/spelt – spelled/spelt
• spend – spent – spent
• spill – spilled/spilt – spilled/spilt
• spin – spun – spun
• spit – spat/spit – spat/spit [the form spit rather than spat is common in America]
• split – split – split
• spoil – spoiled/spoilt – spoiled/spoilt
• spread – spread – spread
• spring – sprang/sprung – sprung
• stand – stood – stood
• stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
• steal – stole – stolen
• stick – stuck – stuck
• sting – stung – stung
• stink – stank – stunk
• strew – strewed – strewn/strewed
• stride – strode – stridden/strode
• strike – struck – struck/stricken
• string – strung – strung
• strive – strove/strived – striven/strived
• swear – swore – sworn
• sweat – sweated/sweat – sweated/sweat
• sweep – swept – swept
• swell – swelled – swollen/swelled
• swim – swam – swum
• swing – swung – swung
• take – took – taken
• teach – taught – taught
• tear – tore – torn
• tell – told – told
• think – thought – thought
• throw – threw – thrown
• thrust – thrust/thrusted – thrust/thrusted
• tread – trod – trodden/trod
• un- : for unbend, unweave, etc. see bend, weave, etc.
• under- : for underlie, undergo, understand, etc. see lie, go, stand, etc.
• up- : for upset see set, etc.
• wake – woke – woken
• wear – wore – worn
• weave – wove – woven
• wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded
• weep – wept – wept
• wet – wet/wetted – wet/wetted
• will – would [defective]
• win – won – won
• wind – wound – wound [but regular in the meanings connected with air and breath]
• with- : for withdraw, withhold, withstand, see draw, hold, stand
• wring – wrang/wrung – wrung
• write – wrote – written

外部链接

• （英文） 维基词典：英语不规则动词表