胱天蛋白酶6
胱天蛋白酶6（英语：Caspase 6）是人类中由CASP6基因编码的一种酶。[5][6]许多可获得完整基因组数据的哺乳动物中都已鉴定出CASP6直向同源物。[7]鸟类、蜥蜴、滑体动物和真骨类中也存在独特的直系同源物。胱天蛋白酶6在亨廷顿舞蹈症和阿尔茨海默病的细胞凋亡、[8]早期免疫反应[9][10]和神经变性中具有重要功能。[11]
作用
该基因编码的蛋白质是胱天蛋白酶家族的成员。胱天蛋白酶的连续激活在细胞凋亡的执行阶段发挥着核心作用。[8]胱天蛋白酶以无活性的酶原形式存在，在保守的天冬氨酸残基处经历蛋白水解加工，产生一大一小两个亚基，然后二聚化形成活性酶。该蛋白由胱天蛋白酶7、8和10加工，被认为是胱天蛋白酶激活级联中的下游酶。胱天蛋白酶6也可以在没有胱天蛋白酶家族其他成员的情况下进行自我加工。[12]该基因的选择性剪接产生了编码不同亚型的两个转录变体。[13]
胱天蛋白酶6通过去抑制在早期免疫反应中发挥作用。它降低免疫抑制剂细胞因子白细胞介素10[9]的表达，并裂解巨噬细胞上表达的IRAK-M来抑制巨噬细胞。[10]
对于神经变性，胱天蛋白酶6可以裂解亨廷顿舞蹈症中的亨廷顿蛋白（HTT）和阿尔茨海默病中的前类淀粉蛋白质（APP）。这两种情况都会导致片段的蛋白质聚集。[11]
相互作用
胱天蛋白酶6已被证明与胱天蛋白酶8发生相互作用。[14][15][16]
参见
参考文献
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拓展阅读
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