毒蝰
毒蝰 | |
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科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 爬行纲 Reptilia |
目: | 有鳞目 Squamata |
亚目: | 蛇亚目 Serpentes |
科: | 蝰科 Viperidae |
属: | 蝰属 Vipera |
种: | 毒蝰 V. aspis
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二名法 | |
Vipera aspis | |
异名[3] | |
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毒蝰(学名:Vipera aspis)是蝰属的一种毒蛇[4]。其毒性很强,人类被咬后死亡率达4%[5]。其种加词来自希腊语,意思就是“毒蛇”[6]。它有五个亚种。[7]
分类
亚种[7] | 命名人[7] | 分布[4] |
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V. aspis aspis | (Linnaeus, 1758) | 欧洲大部分地区 |
V. aspis atra | Meisner, 1820 | 瑞士、法国和意大利阿尔卑斯山脉地区 |
V. aspis francisciredi | Laurenti, 1768 | 意大利中部 |
V. aspis hugyi | Schinz, 1833 | 意大利南部 |
V. aspis zinnikeri | Kramer, 1958 | 加斯科尼、安道尔和临近的西班牙地区 |
特征
其体长一般在60—65厘米(24—26英寸)之间,雄蛇最长可达85 cm(33英寸),雌性则为75 cm(30英寸),但雄性身体要比雌性细一些.。[4]
参考文献
- ^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
- ^ Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the...Viperidæ. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I.- XXV. (Vipera aspis, pp. 481-485.)
- ^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ^ Street D. 1979. The Reptiles of Northern and Central Europe. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd. 268 pp. ISBN 0-7134-1374-3.
- ^ Gotch AF. 1986. Reptiles – Their Latin Names Explained. Poole, UK: Blandford Press. 176 pp. ISBN 0-7137-1704-1.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Vipera aspis. ITIS. [2006-08-13].
外部连接
- European Field Herping Community
- TIGR Reptile Database上的Vipera aspis
- Vipera aspis (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) at Amphibians and Reptiles of Europe (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Accessed 9 October 2006.
- Asp viper, Vipera aspis (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) at Reptiles & Amphibians of France (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Accessed 6 June 2008.