前脑啡黑细胞促素皮促素
| Opioids neuropeptide | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鉴定 | |||||||||
| 标志 | Op_neuropeptide | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF08035（旧版） | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR013532 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00964 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
前脑啡黑细胞促素皮促素（Pro-opiomelanocortin），简称POMC，为一种由241个氨基酸组成的前驱多肽。POMC最初翻译且修饰前的型态称为原POMC（pre-POMC），含有285个氨基酸，原POMC移除信号肽之后才会成为POMC。
功能
POMC可以切成多种多肽片段，每一个多肽片段都有由囊泡所包覆，并经由胞吐作用释放到细胞外液：
- 黑色素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）：由弓状核的神经元产生的α-MSH，在调节食欲以及性行为中扮演重要角色。脑下垂体间叶分泌的α-MSH则调控黑色素的产生。
- 促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）：属于肽类激素，负责调控糖皮质激素的分泌。
- β-内啡肽（β-Endorphin）及甲硫脑素（Met-enkephalin）：属于内源性的类鸦片多肽，可于脑部多处作用。前者是脑内啡，后者是脑啡肽。会和中枢神经系统内的神经细胞，其细胞膜上的鸦片类受体 (Opioid receptors) 结合，达到镇痛的效果。
参见
参考文献
- ^ 對Β-內啡肽起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 對促腎上腺皮質激素起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 對Γ-黑色素细胞刺激素起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115138 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020660 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
延伸阅读
- Millington GW. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC): the cutaneous roles of its melanocortin products and receptors. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. May 2006, 31 (3): 407–12. PMID 16681590. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02128.x.
- Millington GW. The role of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurones in feeding behaviour. Nutrition & Metabolism. September 2007, 4: 18. PMC 2018708
. PMID 17764572. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-4-18. - Bhardwaj RS, Luger TA. Proopiomelanocortin production by epidermal cells: evidence for an immune neuroendocrine network in the epidermis. Archives of Dermatological Research. 1994, 287 (1): 85–90. PMID 7726641. doi:10.1007/BF00370724.
- Raffin-Sanson ML, de Keyzer Y, Bertagna X. Proopiomelanocortin, a polypeptide precursor with multiple functions: from physiology to pathological conditions. European Journal of Endocrinology. August 2003, 149 (2): 79–90. PMID 12887283. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1490079.
- Dores RM, Lecaude S. Trends in the evolution of the proopiomelanocortin gene. General and Comparative Endocrinology. May 2005, 142 (1-2): 81–93. PMID 15862552. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.02.003.
- König S, Luger TA, Scholzen TE. Monitoring neuropeptide-specific proteases: processing of the proopiomelanocortin peptides adrenocorticotropin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the skin. Experimental Dermatology. October 2006, 15 (10): 751–61. PMID 16984256. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00472.x.
- Farooqi S, O'Rahilly S. Genetics of obesity in humans. Endocrine Reviews. December 2006, 27 (7): 710–18. PMID 17122358. doi:10.1210/er.2006-0040.
