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维基百科，自由的百科全书

T1

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T2

伊52の派遣の目的は伊30号により持ち帰ったドイツ製工業製品の製造技術の取得のために派遣された。当艦に便乗していたのは主に民間の技術者で ある。ドイツへの技術供与の対価として2トンの金塊、および当時のドイツで不足していたスズ・モリブデン・タングステンなど計228トンが積載されてい た。

アメリカ軍は訪独潜水艦作戦に特別な関心を示し日本とドイツ間で交わされる無線を傍受、その動きを追い続けていた。 イ52は無線交信では「モミ」と呼ばれていた。

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用户:JuneAugust/伊号第五二潜水舰

T3

http://homepage1.nifty.com/kitabatake/rikukaiguntop.html



http://cache.baidu.com/c?m=9f65cb4a8c8507ed4fece763104586330e54f7683c929b027fa3c215cc7958444463feb822231619d1c77f6503a8495eebf33570351420c0c18ed714c9fecf68798772672b4f914163864efc8b&p=c37cd116d9c811a05beb932c1c0e8c&newp=9a759a46d0c415e00be29f2913559c231610db2151d4d2122b9b&user=baidu&fm=sc&query=Gaia+Gear&qid=9b1e3f110e87c5e3&p1=12 GAIA GEAR

T4

帝国陸軍編制総覧

T5

[1] http://wenku.baidu.com/view/cecdd086ec3a87c24028c4c1.html

T6

http://www.wdic.org/d/MILI


T7

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T8

国语配音名单

基拉·大和/于正升 亚斯兰·萨拉/丘台名、王瑞芹（幼年） 拉克丝·克莱因/詹雅菁 卡嘉丽·尤拉·阿斯哈/詹雅菁 芙蕾·阿露斯达/林美秀 美莉亚·赫/林美秀 赛·阿盖尔/熊肇川 托尔·寇尼希/丘台名 卡兹·巴斯卡克/詹雅菁 玛琉·拉米亚斯/王瑞芹→詹雅菁 娜塔尔·巴基露露/詹雅菁 穆·拉·布拉加/熊肇川 劳·卢·克鲁谢/熊肇川→于正升 伊撒古·玖尔/于正升 迪亚加·艾尔斯曼/丘台名 尼哥路·阿玛菲/林美秀 安德烈·巴特菲尔德/梁兴昌 米盖尔·艾曼/熊肇川

T9

关于similarly named ships, principles of government, and other uses，请见「Constitution (disambiguation)」。
Constitution under sail, 19 August 2012
Constitution under sail, 19 August 2012
历史
United States Navy ensignUS
船名 USS Constitution
艦名出處 United States Constitution[1]
下订日 1 March 1794
建造方 Edmund Hartt's Shipyard
原始造价 $302,718 (1797)[2]
铺设龙骨 1 November 1794
下水日期 21 October 1797
首航日期 22 July 1798[3]
更名 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
Old Constitution 1917
Constitution 1925
重新歸類 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
IX-21, 1941
No classification, 1 September 1975
母港 Charlestown Navy Yard[2]
綽號 "Old Ironsides"
目前狀態 In active service
船徽
技术数据(As built ca. 1797)
船型 44-gun frigate
噸位 1,576[4]
排水量 2,200 tons[4]
船長 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
204英尺（62米） billet head to taffrail;
175英尺（53米） at waterline[2]
型宽 43英尺6英寸（13.26米）
高度 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
foremast: 198英尺（60米）
mainmast: 220英尺（67米）
mizzenmast:172.5英尺（52.6米）[2]
吃水 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
21英尺（6.4米） forward
23英尺（7.0米） aft[4]
舱深 14英尺3英寸（4.34米）[1]
甲板 Orlop, Berth, Gun, Spar
動力來源 Sail (three masts, ship rig)
帆索方案 42,710 sq ft（3,968 m2） on three masts[2]
船速 13節（24公里每小時；15英里每小時）[1]
舰载船 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
1 × 36英尺（11米） longboat
2 × 30英尺（9.1米） cutters
2 × 28英尺（8.5米） whaleboats
1 × 28英尺（8.5米） gig
1 × 22英尺（6.7米） jolly boat
1 × 14英尺（4.3米） punt[2]
乘員 450 including 55 Marines and 30 boys (1797)[2]
武器裝備 列表错误：<br /> list（帮助）
30 × 24-pounder (11 kg) long gun
20 × 32-pounder (15 kg) carronade
2 × 24-pounder (11 kg) bow chasers[2]
USS Constitution
地点Boston Naval Shipyard, Boston, Massachusetts
占地面积less than one acre
建于1797
NRHP编号66000789[5]
NRHP收录15 October 1966

USS Constitution is a wooden-hulled, three-masted heavy frigate of the United States Navy. Named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America, she is the world's oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat.[Note 1] Launched in 1797, Constitution was one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed. Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy's capital ships, and so Constitution and her sisters were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period. Built in Boston, Massachusetts, at Edmund Hartt's shipyard, her first duties with the newly formed United States Navy were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War.

Constitution is most famous for her actions during the War of 1812 against Great Britain, when she captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships: “Guerriere”号1806 (6), “Java”号1811 (2), “Pictou”号1813 (2), “Cyane”号1806 (2) and “Levant”号1813 (2). The battle with Guerriere earned her the nickname of "Old Ironsides" and public adoration that has repeatedly saved her from scrapping. She continued to serve as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons, and circled the world in the 1840s. During the American Civil War, she served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy. She carried US artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878.

Retired from active service in 1881, Constitution served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship in 1907. In 1934 she completed a three-year, 90-port tour of the nation. Constitution sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997, and again in August 2012, to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere.

Constitution's stated mission today is to promote understanding of the Navy's role in war and peace through educational outreach, historic demonstration, and active participation in public events. As a fully commissioned US Navy ship, her crew of 60 officers and sailors participate in ceremonies, educational programs, and special events while keeping the ship open to visitors year round and providing free tours. The officers and crew are all active-duty US Navy personnel and the assignment is considered special duty in the Navy. Traditionally, command of the vessel is assigned to a Navy Commander. Constitution is berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy Yard, at one end of Boston's Freedom Trail.

Construction

主条目：Original six frigates of the United States Navy

In 1785 Barbary pirates, most notably from Algiers, began to seize American merchant vessels in the Mediterranean. In 1793 alone, eleven American ships were captured and their crews and stores held for ransom. To combat this problem, proposals were made for warships to protect American shipping, resulting in the Naval Act of 1794.[7][8] The act provided funds to construct six frigates, but included a clause that if peace terms were agreed to with Algiers, the construction of the ships would be halted.[9][10]

Joshua Humphreys' design was unusual for the time, being long on keel and narrow of beam (width) and mounting very heavy guns. The design called for a diagonal scantling (rib) scheme intended to restrict hogging while giving the ships extremely heavy planking. This design gave the hull a greater strength than a more lightly built frigate. Humphreys' design was based on his realization that the fledgling United States of the period could not match the European states in the size of their navies. This being so, the frigates were designed to be able to overpower any other frigate yet escape from a ship of the line.[11][12][13]

The name Constitution was selected by President George Washington.[14] Her keel was laid down on 1 November 1794 at Edmund Hartt's shipyard in Boston, Massachusetts, under the supervision of Captain Samuel Nicholson and naval constructor Colonel George Claghorn.[15][16] Primary materials used in her construction consisted of pine and oak, including southern live oak, which was cut and milled near St. Simons, Georgia.[16] Constitution's hull was built 21英寸（530毫米） thick and her length between perpendiculars was 175英尺（53米）, with a 204英尺（62米） length overall and a width of 43英尺6英寸（13.26米）.[2][4] In total, 60英畝（24公頃） of trees were needed for her construction.[17] Paul Revere forged the copper bolts and breasthooks.[18] The copper sheathing, installed to prevent shipworm, was imported from England.[19][Note 2]

A photo shows the announcement of the launching of a ship
Claghorn's announcement of the launching

In March 1796, as construction slowly progressed, a peace accord was announced between the United States and Algiers and, in accordance with the Naval Act of 1794, construction was halted.[21] After some debate and prompting by President Washington, Congress agreed to continue to fund the construction of the three ships nearest to completion: “United States”号1797 (2), “Constellation”号1797 (2), and Constitution.[22][23] Constitution's launching ceremony on 20 September 1797 was attended by then President John Adams and Massachusetts Governor Increase Sumner. Upon launch, she slid down the ways only 27英尺（8.2米） before stopping; her weight had caused the ways to settle into the ground, preventing further movement. An attempt two days later resulted in only an additional 31英尺（9.4米） of travel before the ship again stopped. After a month of rebuilding the ways, Constitution finally slipped into Boston Harbor on 21 October 1797, with Captain James Sever breaking a bottle of Madeira wine on her bowsprit.[24][25]

Armament

参见：Naval artillery in the Age of Sail

Though rated as a 44-gun frigate, Constitution would often carry over 50 guns at a time.[26] Ships of this era had no permanent battery of guns, such as modern Navy ships carry. The guns and cannons were designed to be completely portable, and often were exchanged between ships as situations warranted. Each commanding officer outfitted armaments to his liking, taking into consideration factors such as the overall tonnage of cargo, complement of personnel aboard, and planned routes to be sailed. Consequently, the armaments on ships would change often during their careers, and records of the changes were not generally kept.[27]

During the War of 1812, Constitution's battery of guns typically consisted of thirty 24-pounder (11 kg) cannons, with 15 on each side of the gun deck. Twenty-two 32-pounder (15 kg) carronades on the spar deck were deployed 11 per side. Four chase guns were also positioned, two each at the stern and bow.[28]

Since her 1927–1931 restoration, all of the guns aboard Constitution are replicas. Most were cast in 1930, but two carronades on the spar deck were cast in 1983.[29] In order to restore the capability of firing ceremonial salutes, during her 1973–1976 restoration, a modern 40 mm（1.6英寸） saluting gun was hidden inside the forward long gun on each side.[30]

Quasi-War

参见：Quasi-War

President John Adams ordered all Navy ships to sea in late May 1798 to patrol for armed ships of France, and to free any American ship captured by them. Constitution was still not ready to sail, and eventually had to borrow sixteen 18-pound (8.2 kg) cannons from Castle Island before finally being ready.[3] Constitution put to sea on the evening of 22 July 1798 with orders to patrol the Eastern seaboard between New Hampshire and New York. A month later she was patrolling between Chesapeake Bay and Savannah, Georgia, when Nicholson found his first opportunity for capturing a prize: off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina, on 8 September, she intercepted Niger, a 24-gun ship sailing with a French crew en route from Jamaica to Philadelphia, claiming to have been under the orders of Great Britain.[31] Perhaps not understanding his orders correctly, Nicholson had the crewmen imprisoned, placed a prize crew aboard Niger, and brought her into Norfolk, Virginia. Constitution sailed south again a week later to escort a merchant convoy, but her bowsprit was severely damaged in a gale; she returned to Boston for repairs. In the meantime, Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Stoddert determined that Niger had been operating under the orders of Great Britain as claimed, and the ship and her crew were released to continue their voyage. The American government paid a restitution of $11,000 to Great Britain.[32][33]

After departing from Boston on 29 December, Nicholson reported to Commodore John Barry, who was flying his flag in United States, near the island of Dominica for patrols in the West Indies. On 15 January 1799, Constitution intercepted the English merchantman Spencer, which had been taken prize by the French frigate L'Insurgente a few days prior. Technically, Spencer was a French ship operated by a French prize crew; but Nicholson, perhaps hesitant after the affair with Niger, released the ship and her crew the next morning.[34][35] Upon joining Barry's command, Constitution almost immediately had to put in for repairs to her rigging due to storm damage, and it was not until 1 March that anything of note occurred. On this date, she encountered “Santa Margarita”号1779 (6),[36][37] the captain of which was an acquaintance of Nicholson. The two agreed to a sailing duel, which the English captain was confident he would win. But after 11 hours of sailing Santa Margarita lowered her sails and admitted defeat, paying off the bet with a cask of wine to Nicholson.[38][Note 3] Resuming her patrols, Constitution managed to recapture the American sloop Neutrality on 27 March and, a few days later, the French ship Carteret. Secretary Stoddert had other plans, however, and recalled Constitution to Boston. She arrived there on 14 May, and Nicholson was relieved of command.[39]

Change of command

Captain Silas Talbot was recalled to duty to command Constitution and serve as Commodore of operations in the West Indies. After repairs and resupply were completed, Constitution departed Boston on 23 July with a destination of Saint-Domingue via Norfolk and a mission to interrupt French shipping. She took the prize Amelia from a French prize crew on 15 September, and Talbot sent the ship back to New York City with an American prize crew. Constitution arrived at Saint-Domingue on 15 October and rendezvoused with “Boston”号1799 (2), “General Greene”号1799 (2), and “Norfolk”号1798 (2). No further incidents occurred over the next six months, as French depredations in the area had declined. Constitution busied herself with routine patrols and Talbot made diplomatic visits.[40] It was not until April 1800 that Talbot investigated an increase in ship traffic near Puerto Plata, Santo Domingo, and discovered that the French privateer Sandwich had taken refuge there. On 8 May the squadron captured the sloop Sally, and Talbot hatched a plan to capture Sandwich by utilizing the familiarity of Sally to allow the Americans access to the harbor.[41] First Lieutenant Isaac Hull led 90 sailors and Marines into Puerto Plata without challenge on 11 May, capturing Sandwich and spiking the guns of the nearby Spanish fort.[42] However, it was later determined that Sandwich had been captured from a neutral port; she was returned to the French with apologies, and no prize money was awarded to the squadron.[43][44]

Routine patrols again occupied Constitution for the next two months, until 13 July, when the mainmast trouble of a few months before recurred. She put into Cap Francois for repairs. With the terms of enlistment soon to expire for the sailors aboard her, she made preparations to return to the United States, and was relieved of duty by Constellation on 23 July. Constitution escorted twelve merchantmen to Philadelphia on her return voyage, and on 24 August put in at Boston, where she received new masts, sails, and rigging. Even though peace was imminent between the United States and France, Constitution again sailed for the West Indies on 17 December as squadron flagship, rendezvousing with “Congress”号1799 (2), “Adams”号1799 (2), “Augusta”号1799 (2), “Richmond”号1798 (2), and “Trumbull”号1799 (2). Although no longer allowed to pursue French shipping, the squadron was assigned to protect American shipping and continued in that capacity until April 1801, when “Herald”号1798 (2) arrived with orders for the squadron to return to the United States. Constitution returned to Boston, where she lingered; she was finally scheduled for an overhaul in October, but it was later canceled. She was placed in ordinary on 2 July 1802.[45]

First Barbary War

参见：First Barbary War

During the United States' preoccupation with France and the Quasi-War, troubles with the Barbary States were suppressed by the payment of tribute to ensure that American merchant ships were not harassed and seized.[46] In 1801 Yusuf Karamanli of Tripoli, dissatisfied with the amount of tribute he was receiving in comparison to Algiers, demanded an immediate payment of $250,000, equal to $4,578,000 today.[47] In response, Thomas Jefferson sent a squadron of frigates to protect American merchant ships in the Mediterranean and to pursue peace with the Barbary States.[48][49]

The first squadron, under the command of Richard Dale in “President”号1800 (2), was instructed to escort merchant ships through the Mediterranean and negotiate with leaders of the Barbary States.[48] A second squadron was assembled under the command of Richard Valentine Morris in “Chesapeake”号1799 (2). The performance of Morris's squadron was so poor that he was recalled and subsequently dismissed from the Navy in 1803.[50]

A painting depicting Constitution at sail. The bow of the ship points to the right of the frame
Constitution c. 1803–1804

Captain Edward Preble recommissioned Constitution on 13 May 1803 as his flagship, and made preparations to command a new squadron for a third blockade attempt. The copper sheathing on Constitution's hull needed to be replaced; Paul Revere supplied the copper sheets necessary for the job.[19][51] Constitution departed Boston on 14 August. On 6 September, near the Rock of Gibraltar, she encountered an unknown ship in the darkness. Constitution went to general quarters, then ran alongside of her. Preble hailed the unknown ship, only to receive a hail in return. After identifying his ship as the United States frigate Constitution, he received the same question again. Preble, losing his patience, said: "I am now going to hail you for the last time. If a proper answer is not returned, I will fire a shot into you." The stranger returned, "If you give me a shot, I'll give you a broadside." Asking once more, Preble demanded an answer, to which he received, "This is His Britannic Majesty's ship Donegal, 84 guns, Sir Richard Strachan, an English commodore," as well as a command to "Send your boat on board." Preble, now devoid of all patience, exclaimed, "This is United States ship Constitution, 44 guns, Edward Preble, an American commodore, who will be damned before he sends his boat on board of any vessel." And then to his gun crews: "Blow your matches, boys!"[Note 4] Before the incident escalated further, a boat arrived from the other ship and a British lieutenant relayed his Captain's apologies. The ship was in fact not Donegal but instead “Maidstone”号1797 (6), a 32-gun frigate. Constitution had come alongside her so quietly that Maidstone had delayed answering with the proper hail while she readied her guns.[52] This act began the strong allegiance between Preble and the officers under his command, known as "Preble's boys", as he had shown he was willing to defy a presumed ship of the line.[53][54]

Arriving at Gibraltar on 12 September, Preble waited for the other ships of the squadron. His first order of business was to arrange a treaty with Sultan Slimane of Morocco, who was holding American ships hostage to ensure the return of two vessels the Americans had captured. Departing Gibraltar on 3 October, Constitution and “Nautilus”号1799 (2) arrived at Tangiers on the 4th. “Adams”号1799 (2) and “New York”号1800 (2) arrived the next day. With four American warships in his harbor, the Sultan was more than glad to arrange the transfer of ships between the two nations, and Preble departed with his squadron on 14 October, heading back to Gibraltar.[55][56][57]

Battle of Tripoli Harbor

A painting of a ship on fire. It floats in the water with flames reaching high over its masts
“Philadelphia”号1799 (2) burning in Tripoli Harbor
主条目：Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor

On 31 October “Philadelphia”号1799 (2), under the command of William Bainbridge, ran aground off Tripoli while pursuing a Tripoline vessel. The crew was taken prisoner; Philadelphia was refloated by the Tripolines and brought into their harbor.[58][59] To deprive the Tripolines of their prize, Preble planned to destroy Philadelphia using the captured ship Mastico, which was renamed “Intrepid”号1798 (2). Under the command of Stephen Decatur, Intrepid entered Tripoli Harbor on 16 February 1804 disguised as a merchant ship. Decatur's crew quickly overpowered the Tripoline crew and set Philadelphia ablaze.[60][61]

Withdrawing the squadron to Syracuse, Sicily, Preble began planning for a summer attack on Tripoli, procuring a number of smaller gunboats that could move in closer to Tripoli than was feasible for Constitution given her deep draft.[62] Arriving the morning of 3 August, Constitution, “Argus”号1803 (2), “Enterprise”号1799 (2), “Scourge”号1804 (2), “Syren”号1803 (2), the six gunboats, and two bomb ketches began operations. Twenty-two Tripoline gunboats met them in the harbor and, in a series of attacks in the coming month, Constitution and her squadron severely damaged or destroyed the Tripoline gunboats, taking their crews prisoner. Constitution primarily provided gunfire support, bombarding the shore batteries of Tripoli. Yet despite his losses, Karamanli remained firm in his demand for ransom and tribute.[63][64]

In a last attempt of the season against Tripoli, Preble outfitted Intrepid as a "floating volcano" with 100 short ton（91 t） of gunpowder aboard. She was to sail into Tripoli harbor and blow up in the midst of the corsair fleet, close under the walls of the city. Under the command of Richard Somers, Intrepid made her way into the harbor on the evening of 3 September, but exploded prematurely, killing Somers and his entire crew of thirteen volunteers.[65][66]

Constellation and President arrived at Tripoli on the 9th with Samuel Barron in command; Preble was forced to relinquish his command of the squadron to Barron, who was senior in rank.[67] Constitution was ordered to Malta on the 11th for repairs, and while en route captured two Greek vessels attempting to deliver wheat into Tripoli.[68] On the 12th, a collision with President severely damaged Constitution's bow, stern, and figurehead of Hercules. The collision was attributed to an "act of God", in the form of a sudden change in wind direction.[69][70]

Peace treaty

Captain John Rodgers assumed command of Constitution on 9 November while she underwent repairs and resupply in Malta, and resumed the blockade of Tripoli on 5 April 1805, capturing a Tripoline xebec and the two prizes she had captured.[71] Meanwhile, Commodore Barron gave William Eaton naval support to bombard Derne, while a detachment of US Marines under the command of Presley O'Bannon was assembled to attack the city by land. They captured it on 27 April.[72] A peace treaty with Tripoli was signed aboard Constitution on 3 June, in which she embarked the crewmembers of Philadelphia and returned them to Syracuse.[73] Dispatched to Tunis, Constitution arrived there on 30 July, and by 1 August seventeen additional American warships had gathered in its harbor: Congress, Constellation, Enterprise, “Essex”号1799 (2), “Franklin”号1795 (2), “Hornet”号1805 sloop (2), “John Adams”号1799 (2), Nautilus, Syren, and eight gunboats. Negotiations went on for several days until a short-term blockade of the harbor finally produced a peace treaty on 14 August.[74][75]

Rodgers remained in command of the squadron, tasked with sending warships back to the United States when they were no longer needed. Eventually all that remained were Constitution, Enterprise, and Hornet. They performed routine patrols and observed the French and Royal Navy operations of the Napoleonic Wars.[76] Rodgers turned command of the squadron and Constitution over to Captain Hugh G. Campbell on 29 May 1806.[77]

James Barron and Chesapeake sailed out of Norfolk on 15 May 1807 to replace Constitution as the flagship of the Mediterranean squadron, but soon encountered “Leopard”号1790 (6), resulting in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair. Relief of Constitution was thereby delayed.[78] Constitution continued patrols, unaware of the delay. She arrived in late June at Leghorn, where she took aboard the disassembled Tripoli Monument for transport back to the United States. Arriving at Málaga, she learned the fate of Chesapeake. Campbell immediately began preparing Constitution and Hornet for possible war against England. The crew, upon learning of the delay in their relief, became mutinous and refused to sail any further unless the destination was the United States. Campbell and his officers threatened to fire a cannon full of grape shot at the crewmen if they did not comply, thereby putting an end to the conflict. Ordered home on 18 August, Campbell and the squadron set sail for Boston on 8 September, arriving there on 14 October. Constitution had been gone over four years.[79][80]

War of 1812

参见：War of 1812
A painting of a ship with all sails up and a pursuing squadron behind it. In the foreground are small boats.
Constitution during the chase

Constitution was recommissioned in December with Captain John Rodgers again taking command to oversee a major refitting. She was overhauled at a cost just under $100,000 (equal to $1,795,294 today); however, Rodgers inexplicably failed to clean her copper sheathing, leading him to later declare her a "slow sailer". She spent most of the following two years on training runs and ordinary duty.[81] When Isaac Hull took command in June 1810, he immediately recognized that she needed her bottom cleaned. "Ten waggon loads" of barnacles and seaweed were removed.[82]

Hull departed on 5 August 1811 for France, transporting the new Ambassador Joel Barlow and his family; they arrived on 1 September. During her visit in Cherbourg, Constitution was examined by French engineers, who reported her qualities to Denis Decrès, comparing her to the similar French 24-pounder frigate Forte; Decrès ordered construction of 24-pounder frigates to resume, but the fall of the Empire occurred only a few months later.[83] Remaining near France and Holland through the winter months, Hull continually held sail and gun drills to keep the crew ready for possible hostilities with the British. After the events of the Little Belt Affair the previous May, tensions were high between the United States and Britain, and Constitution was shadowed by British frigates while awaiting dispatches from Barlow to carry back to the United States. They arrived home on 18 February 1812.[84][85]

War was declared on 18 June and Hull put to sea on 12 July, attempting to join the five ships of a squadron under the command of Rodgers in “President”号1800 (2). Hull sighted five ships off Egg Harbor, New Jersey, on 17 July and at first believed them to be Rodgers' squadron, but by the following morning the lookouts determined that they were a British squadron out of Halifax: “Aeolus”号1801 (6), “Africa”号1781 (2), “Belvidera”号1809 (2), “Guerriere”号1806 (2), and “Shannon”号1806 (2). They had sighted Constitution and were giving chase.[86][87]

Finding himself becalmed, Hull acted on a suggestion given by Charles Morris, ordering the crew to put boats over the side to tow the ship out of range, using kedge anchors to draw the ship forward, and wetting the sails down to take advantage of every breath of wind.[88] The British ships soon imitated the tactic of kedging and remained in pursuit. The resulting 57 hour chase in the July heat saw the crew of Constitution employ a myriad of methods to outrun the squadron, finally pumping overboard 2,300 US gal（8.7 kl） of drinking water.[89] Cannon fire was exchanged several times, though the British attempts fell short or over their mark, including an attempted broadside from Belvidera. On 19 July Constitution pulled far enough ahead of the British that they abandoned the pursuit.[90][91]

Constitution arrived in Boston on 27 July and remained there just long enough to replenish her supplies; Hull sailed without orders on 2 August to avoid being blockaded in port.[92] Heading on a northeast route towards the British shipping lanes near Halifax and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Constitution captured three British merchantmen, which Hull ordered burned rather than risk taking them back to an American port. On 16 August Hull was informed of the presence of a British frigate 100 nmi（190 km；120 mi） to the south and sailed in pursuit.[93][94]

Constitution vs. Guerriere

主条目：USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere
A painting depicts two ships at battle. Constitution is at the right of the frame with torn sails. Guerriere is in the middle of the frame with damaged masts and a lot of cannon smoke around her deck.
Constitution and Guerriere at battle.

A frigate sighted on 19 August was determined to be “Guerriere”号1806 (6), with the words "Not The Little Belt" painted on her foretopsail.[95][Note 5] Guerriere opened fire upon entering range of Constitution, doing little damage. After a few exchanges of cannon fire between the ships Captain Hull maneuvered into an advantageous position and brought Constitution to within 25碼（23米） of Guerriere. He then ordered a full double-loaded broadside of grape and round shot fired, which took out Guerriere's mizzenmast.[96][97] With her mizzenmast dragging in the water, Guerriere's maneuverability decreased and she collided with Constitution; her bowsprit becoming entangled in Constitution's mizzen rigging. This left only Guerriere's bow guns capable of effective fire. Hull's cabin caught fire from the shots, but the fire was quickly extinguished. With the ships locked together, both Captains ordered boarding parties into action, but due to heavy seas neither party was able to board the opposing ship.[98]

At one point the two ships rotated together counter-clockwise, with Constitution continuing to fire broadsides. When the two ships pulled apart, the force of the bowsprit's extraction sent shock waves through Guerriere's rigging. Her foremast soon collapsed, and that brought the mainmast down shortly afterward.[99] Guerriere was now a dismasted, unmanageable hulk, with close to a third of her crew wounded or killed, while Constitution remained largely intact. The British surrendered.[100]

Using his heavier broadsides and his ship's sailing ability, Hull had managed to surprise the British. Adding to their astonishment, many of their shot rebounded harmlessly off Constitution's hull. An American sailor reportedly exclaimed "Huzzah! her sides are made of iron!" and Constitution acquired the nickname "Old Ironsides".[101]

The battle left Guerriere so badly damaged that she was not worth towing to port. The next morning, after transferring the British prisoners onto the Constitution, Hull ordered Guerriere burned.[102] Arriving back in Boston on 30 August, Hull and his crew found that news of their victory had spread fast, and they were hailed as heroes.[103]

Constitution vs Java

A penciled line drawing depicting two ships and their course of engagement
Diagram of the battle.

On 8 September William Bainbridge, senior to Hull, took command of "Old Ironsides" and prepared her for another mission in British shipping lanes near Brazil. Sailing with “Hornet”号1805 brig (2) on 27 October, they arrived near São Salvador on 13 December, sighting “Bonne Citoyenne”号1796 (6) in the harbor.[104] Bonne Citoyenne was reportedly carrying $1,600,000 in specie to England, but her captain refused to leave the neutral harbor lest he lose his cargo. Leaving Hornet to await the departure of Bonne Citoyenne, Constitution sailed offshore in search of prizes.[105] On 29 December she met with “Java”号1811 (6) under Captain Henry Lambert, a frigate of the same class as the Guerriere, and at the initial hail from Bainbridge, Java answered with a broadside that severely damaged Constitution's rigging. She was able to recover, however, and returned a series of broadsides to Java. A shot from Java destroyed Constitution's helm (wheel), so Bainbridge—wounded twice during the battle—directed the crew to steer her manually using the tiller for the remainder of the engagement.[106] As in the battle with Guerriere, Java's bowsprit became entangled in Constitution's rigging, allowing Bainbridge to continue raking her with broadsides. Java's foremast collapsed, sending her fighting top crashing down through two decks below.[107]

Drawing off to make emergency repairs, Bainbridge re-approached Java an hour later. As in the case with Guerriere, Java lay in shambles, an unmanageable wreck with a badly wounded crew. The British ship surrendered.[108] Determining that Java was far too damaged to retain as a prize, Bainbridge ordered her burned, but not before having her helm salvaged and installed on Constitution.[109] On Constitution's return to São Salvador on 1 January 1813, she met with Hornet and that ship's two British prizes to disembark the prisoners of Java. Being far away from a friendly port and needing extensive repairs, Bainbridge ordered Constitution to sail for Boston on 5 January,[110] leaving Hornet behind to continue waiting for Bonne Citoyenne in the hopes that she would leave the harbor (she did not).[111] Constitution's victory over Java, the third British warship in as many months to be captured by the United States, prompted the British Admiralty to order its frigates not to engage the heavier American frigates one-on-one; only British ships of the line or squadrons were permitted to come close enough to these ships to attack.[112][113] Constitution arrived in Boston on 15 February to even greater celebrations than Hull had received a few months prior.[114]

Marblehead and blockade

Bainbridge determined that Constitution required new spar deck planking and beams, masts, sails, and rigging, and replacement of her copper bottom. However, personnel and supplies were being diverted to the Great Lakes, causing shortages that would keep her in Boston intermittently with her sister ships Chesapeake, Congress, and President for the majority of the year.[115] Charles Stewart took command on 18 July and struggled to complete the construction and recruitment of a new crew.[116] Finally making sail on 31 December, she set course for the West Indies to harass British shipping, and by late March 1814 had captured five merchant ships and the 14-gun “Pictou”号1813 (6). She also pursued “Columbine”号1806 (6) and “Pique”号1800 (2), though both ships escaped after realizing she was an American frigate.[117]

Off the coast of Bermuda on 27 March, it was discovered that her mainmast had split, requiring immediate repair. Stewart set a course for Boston, where on 3 April two British ships “Junon”号1810 (6) and “Tenedos”号1812 (2), commenced pursuit. Stewart ordered drinking water and food to be cast overboard to lighten her load and gain speed, trusting that her mainmast would hold together long enough for her to make her way into Marblehead, Massachusetts.[118] The last item thrown overboard was the supply of spirits. Upon Constitution's arrival in the harbor, the citizens of Marblehead rallied in support, assembling what cannons they possessed at Fort Sewall, and the British called off the pursuit.[119] Two weeks later, Constitution made her way into Boston, where she remained blockaded in port until mid-December.[120]

HMS Cyane and HMS Levant

主条目：Capture of HMS Cyane

Captain George Collier of the Royal Navy received command of the 50-gun “Leander”号1813 (6) and was sent to North America to deal with the American frigates that were causing losses to British merchant shipping.[121] Meanwhile, Charles Stewart saw his chance to escape from Boston Harbor and made it good on the afternoon of 18 December. The ship again set course for Bermuda.[122] Collier gathered a squadron consisting of Leander, “Newcastle”号1813 (2), and “Acasta”号1797 (2), and set off in pursuit, but was unable to overtake Constitution.[123]

On 24 December Constitution intercepted the merchantman Lord Nelson and placed a prize crew aboard. Lord Nelson's stores readily supplied a Christmas dinner for the crew of Constitution; she had left Boston not fully supplied.[122] Off Cape Finisterre on 8 February 1815, Stewart learned that the Treaty of Ghent had been signed, but realized that until it was ratified a state of war still existed. On 16 February Constitution captured the British merchantman Susanna with her cargo of animal hides valued at $75,000.[124] Sighting two British ships on 20 February, she gave chase to them. The two were Cyane and “Levant”号1813 (2), sailing in company.[125]

Cyane and Levant began a series of broadsides against Constitution, but Stewart outmaneuvered both of them. Forcing Levant to draw off for repairs, he concentrated fire on Cyane, which soon struck her colors.[125] Levant returned to engage Constitution, but once she saw that Cyane had been defeated she turned and attempted escape.[126] Constitution overtook her, and after several more broadsides she too struck her colors.[125] Stewart remained with his new prizes overnight while ordering repairs to all ships. Constitution had suffered little damage in the battle, though it was later discovered she had twelve 32-pound British cannonballs embedded in her hull, none of which had penetrated through.[127] Setting a course for the Cape Verde Islands, the trio arrived at Porto Praya on 10 March.[125]

The next morning Collier's squadron was spotted on a course for the harbor, and Stewart ordered all ships to sail immediately.[125] Stewart had until then been unaware of the pursuit by Collier.[128] Cyane was able to elude the squadron and make sail for America, where she arrived on 10 April, but Levant was overtaken and recaptured. While Collier's squadron was distracted with Levant, Constitution made another escape from overwhelming forces.[129]

Constitution set a course towards Guinea and then west towards Brazil, as Stewart had learned from the capture of Susanna that “Inconstant”号1783 (6) was transporting gold bullion back to England, and wanted her as a prize. Constitution put into Maranhão on 2 April to offload her British prisoners and replenish her drinking water.[130] While there, Stewart learned by rumor that the Treaty of Ghent had been ratified, and set course for America. Receiving verification of peace at San Juan, Puerto Rico, on 28 April, he set course for New York and arrived home on 15 May to large celebrations.[125] While Constitution emerged from the war undefeated, her sister ships Chesapeake and President were not so fortunate, having been captured in 1813 and 1815 respectively.[131][132] Constitution was moved to Boston and placed in ordinary in January 1816, sitting out the action of the Second Barbary War.[129]

Mediterranean Squadron

In April 1820 Isaac Hull, commandant of the Charlestown Navy Yard, directed a refitting of Constitution to prepare her for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. Joshua Humphreys' diagonal riders were removed to make room for two iron freshwater tanks, and timbers below the waterline along with the copper sheathing were replaced.[133] At the direction of Secretary of the Navy Smith Thompson, she was also subjected to an unusual experiment in which manually operated paddle wheels were fitted to her hull. If stranded by calm seas, the paddle wheels were designed to propel her at up to 3節（5.6公里每小時；3.5英里每小時） by the crew using the ship's capstan.[134] Initial testing was successful, but Hull and the new commanding officer of Constitution, Jacob Jones, were reportedly unimpressed with paddle wheels on a US Navy ship; Jones had them removed and stowed in the cargo hold before he departed on 13 May 1821 for a three-year tour of duty in the Mediterranean.[129]

Constitution experienced an uneventful tour, sailing in company with “Ontario”号1813 (2) and “Nonsuch”号1813 (2), until the behavior of the crews during shore leave gave Jones a reputation as a Commodore who was lax in discipline. Weary of receiving complaints about the crews' antics while in port, the Navy ordered Jones to return, and Constitution arrived in Boston on 31 May 1824, upon which Jones was relieved of command.[135] Thomas Macdonough took command and sailed on 29 October for the Mediterranean under the direction of John Rodgers in “North Carolina”号1820 (2). With discipline restored, Constitution resumed uneventful duty. Macdonough resigned his command for health reasons on 9 October 1825.[136] Constitution put in for repairs during December and into January 1826, until Daniel Todd Patterson assumed command on 21 February. By August she had put into Port Mahon, suffering decay of her spar deck, and she remained there until temporary repairs were completed in March 1827. Constitution returned to Boston on 4 July 1828 and was placed in ordinary.[137][138]

Old Ironsides

Built in an era when a wooden ship had an expected service life of ten to fifteen years,[139] Constitution was now thirty-one years old. A routine order for surveys of ships held in ordinary was requested by the Secretary of the Navy John Branch; the commandant of the Charlestown Navy Yard, Charles Morris, estimated a repair cost of over $157,000 (equal to $4,492,163 today) for Constitution.[140] On 14 September 1830, an article appeared in the Boston Advertiser that erroneously claimed the Navy intended to scrap Constitution.[141][Note 6] Two days later, Oliver Wendell Holmes' poem "Old Ironsides" was published in the same paper and later all over the country, igniting public indignation and inciting efforts to save "Old Ironsides" from the scrap yard. Secretary Branch approved the costs, and she began a leisurely repair period while awaiting completion of the drydock then under construction at the yard.[142] In contrast to the efforts to save Constitution, another round of surveys in 1834 found her sister ship Congress unfit for repair; she was unceremoniously broken up in 1835.[143][144]

On 24 June 1833 Constitution entered drydock in company of a crowd of observers, among them Vice President Martin Van Buren, Levi Woodbury, Lewis Cass, and Levi Lincoln. Captain Jesse Elliott, the new commander of the Navy yard, would oversee her reconstruction. With 30英寸（760 mm） of hog in her keel, Constitution remained in dry dock until 21 June 1834. This would be the first of many times that souvenirs were made from her old planking; Isaac Hull ordered walking canes, picture frames, and even a phaeton that was presented to President Andrew Jackson.[145] Meanwhile, Elliot directed the installation of a new figurehead of President Jackson under the bowsprit, which became a subject of much controversy due to Jackson's political unpopularity in Boston at the time.[146] Elliot, a Jacksonian Democrat,[147] received death threats. Rumors circulated about the citizens of Boston storming the navy yard to remove the figurehead themselves.[143][148]

A merchant captain named Samuel Dewey accepted a small wager as to whether he could complete the task of removal. Elliot posted guards on Constitution to ensure safety of the figurehead, but—using the noise of thunderstorms to mask his movements—Dewey crossed the Charles River in a small boat and managed to saw off most of Jackson's head.[149] The severed head made the rounds between taverns and meeting houses in Boston until Dewey personally returned it to Secretary of the Navy Mahlon Dickerson; it remained on Dickerson's library shelf for many years.[150][151] The addition of busts to her stern depicting Isaac Hull, William Bainbridge, and Charles Stewart escaped controversy of any kind; the busts would remain in place for the next forty years.[152]

Mediterranean and Pacific Squadrons

Elliot was appointed Captain of Constitution and got underway in March 1835 to New York, where he ordered repairs to the Jackson figurehead, avoiding a second round of controversy.[153] Departing on 16 March Constitution set a course for France to deliver Edward Livingston to his post as Minister. She arrived on 10 April and began the return voyage on 16 May, narrowly avoiding being wrecked off the Isles of Scilly due to the mistaken navigation of her Officer of the Deck.[154] She arrived back in Boston on 23 June, then sailed on 19 August to take her station as flagship in the Mediterranean, arriving at Port Mahon on 19 September. Her duty over the next two years was uneventful as she and United States made routine patrols and diplomatic visits. From April 1837 into February 1838 Elliot collected various ancient artifacts to carry back to America, adding various livestock during the return voyage. Constitution arrived in Norfolk on 31 July. Elliot was later suspended from duty for transporting livestock on a Navy ship.[155][156]

As flagship of the Pacific Squadron under the command of Captain Daniel Turner, she began her next voyage on 1 March 1839 with the duty of patrolling the western side of South America. Often spending months in one port or another, she visited Valparaíso, Callao, Paita, and Puna while her crew amused themselves with the beaches and taverns in each locality.[157] The return voyage found her at Rio de Janeiro, where Emperor Pedro II of Brazil visited her about 29 August 1841. Departing Rio, she collided with the ketch Queen Victoria, suffering minor damage, and returned to Norfolk on 31 October. On 22 June 1842 she was recommissioned under the command of Foxhall Alexander Parker for duty with the Home Squadron. After spending months in port she put to sea for three weeks during December, then was again put in ordinary.[155]

Around the world

In late 1843, she was moored at Norfolk, serving as a receiving ship. Naval Constructor Foster Rhodes calculated it would require $70,000 to make her seaworthy. Acting Secretary David Henshaw faced a dilemma. His budget could not support such a cost, yet he could not allow the country's favorite ship to deteriorate. He turned to Captain John Percival. Known in the service as "Mad Jack", the captain traveled to Virginia and conducted his own survey of the ship's needs. He reported that the necessary repairs and upgrades could be done at a cost of $10,000. On 6 November, Henshaw told Percival to proceed without delay, but stay within his projected figure. After several months of labor, Percival reported Constitution ready for "a two or even a three year cruise."[158]

She got underway on 29 May, carrying Henry A. Wise, the new Ambassador to Brazil, and his family, arriving at Rio de Janeiro on 2 August after making two port visits along the way. Remaining there to pack away supplies for the planned journey, she sailed again on 8 September, making port calls at Madagascar, Mozambique, and Zanzibar, and arriving at Sumatra on 1 January 1845. Many of her crew began to suffer from dysentery and fevers, causing several deaths, which led Percival to set course for Singapore, arriving there 8 February. While in Singapore, Commodore Henry Ducie Chads of “Cambrian”号1841 (6) paid a visit to Constitution, offering what medical assistance his squadron could provide. Chads had been the Lieutenant of “Java”号1811 (6) when that ship surrendered to William Bainbridge thirty-three years earlier.[159]

Leaving Singapore, Constitution arrived at Turon, Cochinchina (present day Da Nang, Vietnam) on 10 May. Not long after, Percival was informed that a French missionary, Dominique Lefèbvre, was being held captive under sentence of death. Percival and a squad of Marines went ashore to speak with the local Mandarin. Percival demanded the return of Lefèbvre and took three local leaders hostage to ensure his demands were met. When no communication was forthcoming, he ordered the capture of three junks, which were brought to Constitution. Percival released the hostages after two days, attempting to show good faith towards the Mandarin, who had demanded their return.[160] During a storm the three junks escaped upriver; a detachment of Marines pursued and recaptured them. When the supply of food and water from shore was stopped, Percival gave in to another demand for the release of the junks in order to keep his ship supplied, expecting Lefèbvre to be released. Soon realizing that no return would be made, Percival ordered Constitution to depart on 26 May.[161]

Arriving at Canton, China, on 20 June, she spent the next six weeks there while Percival made shore and diplomatic visits. Again the crew suffered from dysentery due to poor drinking water, resulting in three more deaths by the time she reached Manila on 18 September. Spending a week there preparing to enter the Pacific Ocean, she sailed on 28 September for the Hawaiian Islands, arriving at Honolulu on 16 November. At Honolulu she found Commodore John D. Sloat and his flagship “Savannah”号1842 (2); Sloat informed Percival that Constitution was needed in Mexico, as the United States was preparing for war after the Texas Annexation. She provisioned for six months and sailed for Mazatlán, arriving there on 13 January 1846. She sat at anchor for over three months until she was finally allowed to sail for home on 22 April rounding Cape Horn on 4 July. Arriving in Rio de Janeiro, the ship's party learned that the Mexican War had begun on 13 May, soon after their departure from Mazatlán. She arrived home in Boston on 27 September and was placed in ordinary on 5 October.[162]

Mediterranean and African Squadrons

更多信息：Anti-Slavery operations of the United States Navy
A wooden representation of President Andrew Jackson
The Andrew Jackson figurehead as depicted by Harpers Weekly in 1875

Constitution began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that had caused so much controversy fifteen years earlier was replaced with another, this time sans the top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose for Jackson. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She carried Daniel Smith McCauley and his family to Egypt. McCauley's wife gave birth en route to a son, who was named "Constitution Stewart McCauley". At Gaeta on 1 August she received onboard King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. At Palermo on 1 September, Captain Gwinn died of chronic gastritis and was buried near Lazaretto on the 9th. Captain Thomas Conover assumed command on the 18th and resumed routine patrolling for the rest of the tour. Heading home on 1 December 1850, she was involved in a severe collision with the English brig Confidence, which sank with the loss of her captain. The surviving crewmembers were carried back to America, where the Constitution was placed in ordinary at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in January 1851.[163]

Recommissioned on 22 December 1852 under the command of John Rudd, the Constitution carried Commodore Isaac Mayo for duty with the African Squadron, departing the yard on 2 March 1853 on a leisurely sail towards Africa, arriving there on 18 June. Making a diplomatic visit in Liberia, Mayo arranged a treaty between the Gbarbo and the Grebo tribes. Mayo had to resort to firing cannons into the village of the Gbarbo in order to get them to agree to the treaty. This may have been the last time that the Constitution fired her cannons in anger. Near Angola on 3 November, in what would be her last capture, Constitution took as a prize the American ship H. N. Gambrill, which had been determined to be involved in the slave trade.[164] About 22 June 1854, Mayo arranged another peace treaty between the leaders of Grahway and Half Cavally. The rest of her tour passed uneventfully and she sailed for home on 31 March 1855. She was diverted to Havana, Cuba, arriving there on 16 May. Departing there on the 24th, she arrived at Portsmouth Navy Yard and was decommissioned on 14 June, ending what was to be her last duty on the front lines.[165] In June 1853, her sister ship Constellation had been ordered broken up. Then part of her timbers would be used to construct the next “Constellation”号1854 (2).[166][167]

Civil War

参见：American Civil War

The last sailing frigate of the US Navy, “Santee”号1855 (2), had been launched in 1855. As steamships began service with the US Navy in growing numbers during the 1850s, many sail-powered ships were assigned to training duty.[168] Since the formation of the US Naval Academy in 1845, there had been a growing need for quarters in which to house the students. In 1857, Constitution was moved to drydock at the Portsmouth Navy Yard for conversion into a training ship. Some of the earliest known photographs of her were taken during this refitting, which added classrooms on her spar and gun decks. Reduced in armament to only 16 guns, her rating was changed to a "2nd rate ship." She was recommissioned on 1 August 1860 and moved from Portsmouth to the Naval Academy.[169][170]

A photograph of a ship out of the water and under repair
The earliest known photograph of Constitution, undergoing repairs in 1858

At the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1861, Constitution was ordered to relocate farther north after threats had been made against her by Confederate sympathizers.[171] Several companies of Massachusetts volunteer soldiers were stationed aboard for her protection.[172] “R. R. Cuyler”号1860 (2) towed her to New York City, where she arrived on 29 April. She was subsequently relocated, along with the Naval Academy, to Fort Adams near Newport, Rhode Island, for the duration of the war. Her sister ship United States was abandoned by the Union and then captured by Confederate forces at the Gosport Shipyard in Norfolk, Virginia, leaving Constitution as the only remaining frigate of the original six frigates.[141][173]

During the war, to honor Constitution's tradition of service, the Navy bestowed the name “New Ironsides”号1862 (2) on an ironclad that was launched on 10 May 1862 as part of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron and participated in the bombardment of Fort Sumter on 7 April 1863. However, New Ironsides's naval career was short-lived; she was destroyed by fire on 16 December 1865.[174] In August 1865, Constitution moved back to Annapolis, along with the rest of the Naval Academy. During the voyage she was allowed to drop her tow lines from the tug and continue alone under wind power. Despite her age, she was recorded running at 9節（17公里每小時；10英里每小時） and arrived at Hampton Roads ten hours ahead of the tug.[141]

Settling in again at the Academy, a series of upgrades was installed that included steam pipes and radiators to supply heat from shore along with gas lighting. From June to August each year she would depart with midshipmen for their summer training cruise and then return to operate for the rest of the year as a classroom. In June 1867 her last known plank owner, William Bryant, died in Maine. George Dewey assumed command in November and he served as her commanding officer until 1870. In 1871 her condition had deteriorated to the point where she was retired as a training ship, and then towed to the Philadelphia Navy Yard, where she was placed in ordinary on 26 September.[175]

Paris Exposition

Photograph of a ship out of the water and partially disassembled
Philadelphia Navy Yard 1874

In the early months of 1873 it was decided that Constitution would be overhauled to participate in the centennial celebrations of the United States. Work began slowly and was intermittently delayed by the transition of the Philadelphia Navy Yard to League Island. By late 1875 the Navy opened bids for an outside contractor to complete her work, and Constitution was moved to Wood, Dialogue and Company in May 1876, where a small boiler for heat and a coal bin were installed. The Andrew Jackson figurehead was removed at this time and given to the Naval Academy Museum where it remains today.[176] Her construction dragged on during the rest of 1876, and when the centennial celebrations had long passed, it was decided that she would be used as a training and school ship for apprentices entering the Navy.[177]

Oscar C. Badger took command on 9 January 1878 to prepare her for a voyage to the Paris Exposition of 1878, transporting artwork and industrial displays of American manufacturers to France.[178] Three railroad cars were lashed to her spar deck and all but two cannons were removed when she departed on 4 March. While docking at Le Havre she collided with Ville de Paris, which resulted in Constitution entering dry dock for repairs. Remaining in France for the rest of 1878, she got underway for the United States on 16 January 1879, but poor navigation ran her aground the next day near Bollard Head. She was towed into the Portsmouth Naval Dockyard, Hampshire, England, where only minor damage was found and repaired.[179]

Her problem-plagued voyage would continue on 13 February when her rudder was damaged during heavy storms, resulting in a total loss of steering control. With the rudder smashing into the hull at random, three crewman went over the stern on ropes and boatswain's chairs and secured it. The next morning they rigged together a temporary steering system. Badger set a course for the nearest port, and she arrived in Lisbon on 18 February. Slow dock services delayed her departure until 11 April and her voyage home did not end until 24 May.[180] Crewmen Henry Williams, Joseph Matthews, and James Horton would receive the Medal of Honor for their actions in repairing the damaged rudder at sea.[181] Constitution returned to her previous duties of training apprentice boys,[182] and on 16 November another crewman, James Thayer, received a Medal of Honor for saving a boy from drowning.[181]

Over the next two years she continued her training cruises, but it soon became apparent that her overhaul in 1876 had been of poor quality, and she was determined to be unfit for service in 1881. As funds were lacking for another overhaul, she was decommissioned, ending her days as an active-duty naval ship. Moved to the Portsmouth Navy Yard, she was used as a receiving ship. There, she had a housing structure built over her spar deck, and her condition continued to deteriorate, with only a minimal amount of maintenance performed to keep her afloat.[169][183] In 1896, Massachusetts Congressman John F. Fitzgerald became aware of her condition and proposed to Congress that funds be appropriated to restore her enough to return to Boston.[184] She arrived at the Charlestown Navy Yard under tow on 21 September 1897,[185] and after her centennial celebrations in October, she lay there with an uncertain future.[169][186]

Museum ship

A ship tied to dock with a housing structure over top of the decks
As a barracks ship in Boston c. 1905

In 1900 Congress authorized restoration of Constitution, but did not appropriate any funds for the project; funding was to be raised privately. The Massachusetts Society of the United Daughters of the War of 1812 spearheaded an effort to raise funds, but ultimately failed.[187] In 1903 the Massachusetts Historical Society's president Charles Francis Adams requested of Congress that she be rehabilitated and placed back into active service.[188]

In 1905, Secretary of the Navy Charles Joseph Bonaparte suggested that she be towed out to sea and used as target practice, after which she would be allowed to sink. Reading about this in a Boston newspaper, Moses H. Gulesian, a businessman from Worcester, Massachusetts, offered to purchase Constitution for $10,000.[187][189] The State Department refused, but Gulesian initiated a public campaign which began from Boston and ultimately "spilled all over the country."[189] The storms of protest from the public prompted Congress to authorize $100,000 for her restoration in 1906. First to be removed was the barracks structure on her spar deck, but the limited amount of funds allowed just a partial restoration.[190] By 1907 she began to serve as a museum ship with tours offered to the public. On 1 December 1917 she was renamed Old Constitution, to free her name for a planned new Lexingtonbattlecruiser. Originally destined for the lead ship of the class, the name Constitution was shuffled around between hulls until CC-5 was given the name; construction of CC-5 was canceled in 1923 due to the Washington Naval Treaty. The incomplete hull was sold for scrap, and Old Constitution was granted the return of her name on 24 July 1925.[1]

1925 restoration and tour

Admiral Edward Walter Eberle, Chief of Naval Operations, ordered the Board of Inspection and Survey to compile a report on her condition, and the inspection of 19 February 1924 found her in grave condition. Water had to be pumped out of her hold on a daily basis just to keep her afloat, and her stern was in danger of falling off. Almost all deck areas and structural components were filled with rot, and she was considered to be on the verge of ruin. Yet the Board recommended that she be thoroughly repaired in order to preserve her as long as possible. The estimated cost of repairs was $400,000. Secretary of the Navy Curtis D. Wilbur proposed to Congress that the required funds be raised privately, and he was authorized to assemble the committee charged with her restoration.[191][192]

The first effort was sponsored by the national Elks Lodge. Programs presented to schoolchildren about "Old Ironsides" encouraged them to donate pennies towards her restoration, eventually raising $148,000. In the meantime, the estimates for repair began to climb, eventually reaching over $745,000 after costs of materials were realized.[193] In September 1926, Wilbur began to sell copies of a painting of Constitution at 50 cents per copy. The silent film Old Ironsides, which portrayed Constitution during the First Barbary War, premiered in December and helped spur more contributions to her restoration fund. The final campaign allowed memorabilia to be made of her discarded planking and metal. Among the items sold were ashtrays, bookends and picture frames. The committee eventually raised over $600,000 after expenses—still short of the required amount—and Congress approved up to $300,000 to complete the restoration. The final cost of the restoration was $946,000.[194]

Photograph of a ship being towed through a canal
Transiting the Panama Canal 1932

Lieutenant John A. Lord was selected to oversee the reconstruction project, and work began while efforts to raise funds were still underway. Materials were difficult to find, especially the live oak needed; Lord uncovered a long-forgotten stash of live oak (some 1,500 short ton（1,400 t）) at Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida that had been cut sometime in the 1850s for a ship building program that never began. By the mid-1920s even the tools needed for the restoration were difficult to find, and some came from as far away as Maine. The Constitution entered drydock with a crowd of 10,000 observers on 16 June 1927. Meanwhile, Charles Francis Adams had been appointed as the Secretary of the Navy, and he proposed that the Constitution make a tour of the United States upon her completion as a gift to the nation for its efforts to help restore her. She emerged from drydock on 15 March 1930, and many amenities were installed to prepare her for the three-year tour of the country, including water piping throughout, modern toilet and shower facilities, electric lighting to make the interior visible for visitors, and several peloruses for ease of navigation.[195]

No stranger to controversy, Constitution experienced another episode when Assistant Secretary of the Navy Ernest Jahncke made comments doubting the ability of the modern US Navy to still sail a vessel of her type. Veterans groups from around the country had proposed that she should make the tour under sail, but due to the schedule of visits on her itinerary she was towed by the minesweeper “Grebe”号AM-43 (2).[192] Nevertheless, she was recommissioned on 1 July 1931 under the command of Louis J. Gulliver with a crew of sixty officers and sailors, fifteen Marines, and their mascot, a pet monkey named Rosie. Setting out with much celebration and a 21-gun salute, the tour of 90 port cities along the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts began at Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She went as far north as Bar Harbor, Maine, on the Atlantic coast, south through the Panama Canal Zone, and north again to Bellingham, Washington, on the Pacific Coast. The Constitution returned to her home port of Boston in May 1934 after more than 4.6 million people had visited her during the three-year journey.[196]

Bicentennial celebrations

Settled in Boston again, Constitution returned to serving as a museum ship, receiving 100,000 visitors per year. She was maintained by a small crew that watched over her and were berthed on the ship, requiring that a more reliable heating system be installed, eventually leading to a forced-air system in the 1950s and the addition of a sprinkler system that would help protect her from fire. On 21 September 1938 during the New England Hurricane, Constitution broke loose from her dock and was blown out into Boston Harbor where she collided with the destroyer “Ralph Talbot”号DD-390 (2); she suffered only minor damage.[197]

A postage stamp depicts Constitution at sail. The ship sails to the right side of the stamp.
1947 stamp issued to commemorate the 150th anniversary of USS Constitution

With limited funds available, she experienced more deterioration over the years, and items began to disappear from the ship as souvenir hunters picked away at the more portable objects.[198] In 1940, President Franklin D. Roosevelt placed her in permanent commission. General Bruce Magruder gave the nickname "Old Ironsides" to the 1st Armored Division of the United States Army in honor of the ship.[199] In early 1941, she was assigned the hull classification symbol IX-21[1] and began to serve as a brig for officers awaiting court-martial. The United States Postal Service issued a stamp commemorating Constitution in 1947, and an act of Congress in 1954 made the Secretary of the Navy responsible for her upkeep.[200]

In 1970 another survey of her condition was performed, this time finding that repairs were required, but not as extensive as those she had needed in the 1920s. The US Navy determined that an officer of the rank of Commander—typically someone with about twenty years of seniority—would be required as commanding officer, so as to have the experience to organize the maintenance she required.[201] Funds were approved in 1972 for her restoration, and she entered drydock in April 1973, remaining until April 1974. During this period, large quantities of red oak were removed and replaced. The red oak had been added in the 1950s as an experiment to see if it would last better than the live oak, but it had mostly rotted away by 1970. Commander Tyrone G. Martin became her Captain in August 1974, as preparations for the upcoming United States Bicentennial celebrations began. Commander Martin set the precedent that all construction work on Constitution was to be aimed towards maintaining her to the 1812 configuration for which she is most famous.[202] In September 1975 her hull classification of IX-21 was officially canceled.[1]

The privately run USS Constitution Museum opened on 8 April 1976, and one month later Commander Martin dedicated a tract of land located at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Indiana as "Constitution Grove." The 25,000英畝（100平方公里） now supply the majority of the white oak required for repair work.[203] On 10 July Constitution led the parade of tall ships up Boston Harbor for Operation Sail, firing her guns at one-minute intervals for the first time in approximately 100 years.[204] On the 11th she rendered a 21-gun salute to Her Majesty's Yacht Britannia as Her Majesty Elizabeth II and His Royal Highness Prince Philip arrived for a state visit.[205] Her Majesty and His Royal Highness were piped aboard and privately toured the ship for approximately thirty minutes with Commander Martin and Secretary of the Navy J. William Middendorf. Upon their departure the crew of Constitution rendered three cheers for the Queen. Over 900,000 visitors toured "Old Ironsides" that year.[206]

1995 reconstruction

Constitution entered drydock in 1992 for an inspection and minor repair period that turned out to be her most comprehensive structural restoration and repair since she was launched in 1797. Over the 200 years of her career, as her mission changed from a fighting warship to a training ship and eventually a receiving ship, multiple refittings had removed most of her original construction components and design. In 1993 the Naval History & Heritage Command Detachment Boston reviewed Humphreys' original plans and identified five main structural components that were required to prevent hogging of a ship's hull,[207] as Constitution had at this point 13英寸（330 mm） of hog. Using a 1:16 scale model of the ship, they were able to determine that restoring the original components would result in a 10% increase in hull stiffness.[208]

Using radiography, a technique unavailable during previous reconstructions, 300 scans of her timbers were completed to find any hidden problems otherwise undetectable from the outside. Aided by the United States Forest Service's Forest Products Laboratory, the repair crew used sound wave testing to determine the condition of the remaining timbers that may have been rotting from the inside.[207] The 13英寸（330 mm） of hog was removed from her keel by allowing the ship to settle naturally while in dry dock. The most difficult task, as it had been during her 1920s restoration, was the procurement of timber in the quantity and sizes needed. The city of Charleston, South Carolina, donated live oak trees that had been felled by Hurricane Hugo in 1989, and the International Paper Company donated live oak from its own property.[203] The project continued to reconstruct her to 1812 specifications even as she remained open to visitors, who were allowed to observe the process and converse with workers.[207] The twelve million dollar project was completed in 1995.[209]

Sail 200

Photo of Constitution under sail with two escorts as navy jets fly overhead
Constitution sails unassisted for the first time in 116 years
Walter Cronkite steering a ship
Walter Cronkite takes the helm

As early as 1991, Commander David Cashman had suggested that Constitution should sail, rather than be towed, to celebrate her 200th anniversary in 1997. The proposal was approved, though it was thought to be a large undertaking since she had not sailed in over 100 years.[210] When she emerged from drydock in 1995, a more serious effort began to prepare her for sail. As in the 1920s, education programs aimed at school children helped collect pennies to purchase the sails to make the voyage possible. Eventually her six-sail battle configuration would consist of jibs, topsails, and driver.[211]

Commander Mike Beck began training the crew for the historic sail using an 1819 Navy sailing manual and several months of practice, including time spent aboard the Coast Guard cutter Eagle.[212] On 19 July 1997 a free showing of the classic silent film Old Ironsides was given, with the film accompanist, organist Dennis James, using original materials by Hugo Riesenfeld, and period scores. During the scene depicting its battle with the Guerriere, the ship's actual cannon were fired in sync with the film.[213] The next day, on 20 July, Constitution was towed from her usual berth in Boston to an overnight mooring in Marblehead, Massachusetts. En route she made her first sail in 116 years at a recorded 6節（11公里每小時；6.9英里每小時）,[214][215] and was absent overnight from her berth in Charlestown for the first time since 1934. Embarked dignitaries included the Secretary of the Navy, Chief of Naval Operations, the Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps, US Senator Ted Kennedy, US Senator John Kerry, and journalist and avid recreational sailor Walter Cronkite.[216]

The next day, 21 July, she was towed 5海里（9.3公里；5.8英里） offshore, where the tow line was dropped and Commander Beck ordered six sails set (jibs, topsails, and spanker). She then sailed for 40 minutes on a south-south-east course with true wind speeds of about 12 kn（22 km/h；14 mph）, attaining a top recorded speed of 4 kn（7.4 km/h；4.6 mph）.[216] While under sail, her modern US naval combatant escorts, the guided missile destroyer “Ramage”号DDG-61 (2) and frigate “Halyburton”号FFG-40 (2), rendered passing honors to "Old Ironsides", and she was overflown by the US Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron, the Blue Angels. Inbound to her permanent berth at Charlestown she rendered a 21-gun salute to the nation off Fort Independence in Boston Harbor.[211]

Present day

The mission of Constitution is to promote understanding of the Navy's role in war and peace through active participation in public events and education through outreach programs, public access, and historic demonstration.[217] Her crew of 60 officers and enlisted participate in ceremonies, educational programs, and special events while keeping the ship open to visitors year-round and providing free tours. The crewmen are all active-duty members of the U.S. Navy, and the assignment is considered to be special duty. Constitution is the oldest commissioned warship afloat in the world.[218][Note 1]

A photo of a ship without sails. There is white cannon smoke emitting from the left and right sides of the ship. A tugboat is alongside
Constitution fires a 21-gun salute toward Fort Independence on 4 July 2011

The Naval History and Heritage Command Detachment Boston is responsible for planning and performing her maintenance, repair, and restoration, keeping her as close to her 1812 configuration as possible. The detachment estimates that approximately 10–15 percent of the timber in Constitution contains original material installed during her initial construction period in the years 1795–1797.[219]

Constitution is berthed at Pier One of the former Charlestown Navy Yard, at one end of Boston's Freedom Trail. She is open to the public year round. The privately run USS Constitution Museum is nearby, located in a restored shipyard building at the foot of Pier Two.[220] Constitution typically makes one "turnaround cruise" each year during which she is towed out into Boston Harbor to perform underway demonstrations, including a gun drill, and then returned to her dock, where she is berthed in the opposite direction to ensure that she weathers evenly.[221] The "turnaround cruise" is open to the general public based on a "lottery draw" of interested persons each year.[222]

In 2003 the special effects crew from the production of Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World spent several days using Constitution as a computer model for the fictional French frigate Acheron, using stem-to-stern digital image scans of "Old Ironsides."[223] Lieutenant Commander John Scivier of the Royal Navy, commanding officer of HMS Victory, paid a visit to Constitution in November 2007, touring the local facilities with Commander William A. Bullard III. They discussed arranging an exchange program between the two ships.[224]

The Constitution sails under her own power in Boston Harbor, 200 years after her defeat of Guerriere.

Constitution emerged from a three-year repair period in November 2010. During this time the entire spar deck was stripped down to the support beams, and the decking overhead was replaced to restore its original curvature, allowing water to drain overboard and not remain standing on the deck.[225] In addition to decking repairs, 50 hull planks and the main hatch were repaired or replaced. The restoration continued the focus toward keeping her appearance of 1812 by replacing her upper sides so that she now resembles what she looked like after her triumph over “Guerriere”号1806 (6), when she gained her nickname "Old Ironsides".[225] The crew of the Constitution and her commanding officer, Commander Matt Bonner, during the bicentennial observances of the War of 1812, sailed Constitution under her own power on 19 August 2012, the anniversary of her defeat of the Guerriere.[226] Bonner is Constitution's 72nd commanding officer.[227]

Notes

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 “Victory”号 is the oldest commissioned vessel by three decades; however, Victory has been in dry dock since 1922.[6]
  2. ^ Toll explains in detail that Revere did not begin producing sheet copper in the United States until 1801 with the opening of the Revere Copper Company. Sheathing made by Revere was installed during a refit in 1803.[20]
  3. ^ Cooper, Hollis and Jennings attribute this encounter to the command of Silas Talbot some months later. However, Jennings uses Cooper as a reference and Martin presents a clear argument for attribution to Nicholson.
  4. ^ "Blow on your matches" was the term for the gun crews to blow on their slow matches to make them white hot for igniting a cannon. The modern day equivalent might be "Prepare to fire".
  5. ^ The words painted on the sail were in reference to the Little Belt Affair, when “President”号1800 (6) had fired on HMS Little Belt the year prior. Captain John Rodgers of President had mistakenly identified Little Belt as Guerriere. Captain James Dacres of Guerriere had earlier written a challenge of combat to Captain John Rodgers of President.[95]
  6. ^ The Advertiser reported that the Secretary of the Navy had ordered her to be sold or broken up. Martin presents a valid argument and explanation of Navy procedures for aging ships as to why this was not true, and must have been misreported

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  225. ^ 225.0 225.1 Macdonald, Kathryn E. USS Constitution Completes Latest Restoration. Boston: Navy News Service. 8 November 2010. （原始内容存档于28 August 2012）. 
  226. ^ CBS Boston. USS Constitution Sails Under Own Power For First Time In 15 Years. 19 August 2012 [19 August 2012]. 
  227. ^ USS Constitution Public Affairs. USS Constitution Begins New Chapter with 72nd Commanding Officer. Navy News Service. 22 July 2011. （原始内容存档于28 August 2012）. 

Bibliography

Further reading

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：USS Constitution


前任：
Copp's Hill 		Locations along Boston's Freedom Trail
USS Constitution 		繼任：
Bunker Hill Monument

Template:USN Original Six Template:National Register of Historic Places Template:Surviving ocean going ships

42°22′19.5″N 71°03′20.08″W / 42.372083°N 71.0555778°W / 42.372083; -71.0555778

T10

T11

T12

T13

JuneAugust/临时文字
類型 醫療漫畫
漫画
原作 永井明（原案）
吉沼美恵（医療監修）
作畫 乃木坂太郎
出版社 小學館
連載雜誌 ビッグコミックスペリオール
叢書 ビッグコミックス
連載期間 2002年—2011年
冊數 全25巻
电视剧：
医龍 -Team Medical Dragon-
原作 永井明（原案）
乃木坂太郎（漫画）
導演 久保田哲史、水田成英
製作 フジテレビドラマ制作センター
播放電視台 フジテレビ
播放時期 2006年4月13日—6月29日
集數 全11回
电视剧：
医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 2
原作 永井明（原案）
乃木坂太郎（漫画）
導演 水田成英、葉山浩樹
製作 フジテレビドラマ制作センター
播放電視台 フジテレビ
播放時期 2007年10月11日—12月20日
集數 全11回
电视剧：
医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 3
原作 永井明（原案）
乃木坂太郎（漫画）
導演 水田成英、葉山浩樹
製作 フジテレビドラマ制作センター
播放電視台 フジテレビ
播放時期 2010年10月14日—12月16日
集數 全10回

『医龍-Team Medical Dragon-』（いりゅう チームメディカルドラゴン）は、永井明原案、吉沼美恵医療監修、乃木坂太郎作画による日本の医疗卫生を題材とした青年漫画。およびそれを原作とするテレビドラマ。一般に『医龍』の部分だけで呼称される。

漫画

2002年より、『ビッグコミックスペリオール』（小學館）にて連載を開始し、2011年4号にて完結した。第50回（平成16年度）小学馆漫画赏（一般向け部門）受賞作品。

作品を織り成す魅力的な登場人物、医療ミス、抗がん剤治療、院内感染、内科と外科の対立、チーム医療、医局制度と現在医療を取り巻く諸問題を告発する物語である。

原案者の永井明は、医師、医療ジャーナリストとして活躍したが、肝臓がんのため、2004年7月7日に逝去。

ストーリー

東北の寒村に住む、天才的な技術を持つ外科医・朝田龍太郎を、明真大学医学部助教授の加藤晶が訪ねて来る。心臓の難手術であるバチスタ手術論文を成功させて、自分の教授選出を図り、今の大学医療を改革するために、朝田をスカウトしに来たのだ。当初は「自分はもう医者ではない」と言い張って拒否する朝田だったが、加藤の説得や、気胸で倒れた同僚の里原ミキの救命救急処置を通して医師としての情熱を蘇らせ、心臓外科医として復帰する。

明真大学医学部教授の野口賢雄らが支配する封建的な病院体制の中、朝田は研修医の伊集院を鍛え、内科医の藤吉を始めとする優秀なメンバーを揃え、次々と難手術を成功に導く。

医局の権威を無視する朝田に警戒心を持つ野口は、朝田を招いた責任を取らせるために加藤追放と、自身の後任候補に朝田の最大のライバルである北日本大学心臓外科医・霧島軍司を起用する事を決断。だが、その霧島も明真で過ごす内に次第に人望を得て、ついには自身の派閥「霧島派」を立ち上げるに至る。 一方で、救急救命部を担当する明真大学医学部教授の鬼頭直人も、自身の改革案実現のため、世界的な腕前とコネクションを持つ国立笙一郎をアメリカから呼び寄せる。こうして、教授選は様々な陰謀と欲望を孕みながら混迷の様相を呈していく。

主要登場人物

Template:ネタバレ 解説は漫画版による。テレビドラマで変更された設定についてはテレビドラマの項目で詳述する。

バチスタチーム

バチスタ手術とは、重篤な心疾患である、拡張型心筋症に対する手術療法の1つとして考案された術式である。加藤によって、この難しい療法を広く確立する、画期的な成果をあげるための実動部隊として招集される。

朝田龍太郎（あさだ りゅうたろう）
本作の主人公。熟達の腕を持つ外科医。かつては医療支援NGOで「医龍 (Team Medical Dragon)」と呼ばれた医療チームを率いていた。加藤のスカウトにより、明真大学付属病院の胸部心臓外科医となる。患者に接する態度はきわめて真摯であるが、手術中はモノとして扱っていると断言。また、人を切るのが楽しいと発言している場面もある。私生活はズボラで、自宅のアパートは散らかしたまま放置している。度重なるスタンドプレーともとれる術法は人を魅了する反面、自分自身でバチスタチームの諸刃の剣となりかねないことを自称することもある。甘党でコーヒーも激甘。
教授選挙の後は、ふたたび医療支援NGOへ参加することを表明している。
加藤晶（かとう あきら）
明真大学助教授にして、明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科医。朝田が来るまでは胸部心臓外科のエースであり、細やかな技術 はかつては野口教授の秘蔵っ子と言われたほどで、野口自身も彼女の技術やカリスマ性を高く評価している。 自分の野心（バチスタ手術論文による教授昇進）のために朝田をスカウトする。 出世街道をひたはしるキャリアウーマンだが、女らしい繊細な面や弱さも持ち合わせ、医師になりたての頃は当時の婦長だった奈良橋に自身の弱さを吐露する場面もあった。
朝田に少なからず惹かれていた様ではあるが、内・外とも自分の好みではない事と、ミキの存在を理由に深く関わる事を禁じていたようである。
伊集院登（いじゅういん のぼる）
心臓外科の研修医。現在の医局に嫌気がさしながらも、医局内での保身に腐心し、何事も無く過ごしていくことを第一に思っているという（いわゆる事勿れ主義）、朝田曰く「医局で一番自分の事しか考えていない人間」。医局のやり方に合わない朝田に反発するも、彼の厳しい指導の下で腕を磨いていく。性格が手伝ってか、繊細な作業を得意とし加藤もその技術を認めている。中盤まではいつもストレスからか胃痛を抱えていて胃薬を常用していた。
一時はバチスタチームを離れて霧島の元で学んでいたこともあったが、それによって自らの理想の医師像を見つめなおし、改めてチームに戻る。霧島は伊集院を指導する心積もりでいたが、霧島に対して朝田の元へ戻ると告げた時は快く送り出された。
藤吉圭介（ふじよし けいすけ）
明真大学講師にして、明真大学付属病院循環器内科医。患者を第一に考える明真大学病院では珍しい医者。真摯で誠実な人柄からか患者は勿論、他の医者や看護師からの評価も高い。先天的な心脏病を持つ樹里という名の娘がおり、自身もまた先天性心臓病の持ち主。朝田には「とっつあん」呼ばわりされている。朝田と伊集院には、発作を起こした際に緊急治療で命を救われており、自身のペースメーカー埋め込み手術も朝田に執刀させている。
現在は娘を東北にいる義理の父母の元に預け、単身赴任の形でバチスタチームに所属している。
荒瀬門次（あらせ もんじ）
明真大学付属病院救急救命部麻酔医で全身管理を司る麻醉學のプロ。明真大学付属病院救急救命部に「手術一回につき100万円（論文絡みなら300万と跳ね上がるらしい）」という高額な報酬で雇われて居る。吸入麻酔を故意に吸い込み、酩酊状態になって遊ぶ悪癖を持っているが、その仕事ぶりは如何なる患者でも「ゆっくり数えて7つ」で麻酔を効かせ、的確な判断で器官移植のドナーの術中死を未然に食い止めるほどの腕前。麻醉學の治験のために患者を死なせた過去を持ち、贖罪のために敢えて守銭奴を演じ、高価な酒で泥酔するなど悪役として振る舞っている。一時期、麻酔の世界的権威であるドクター・バウマンにミスをフォローされたことをきっかけに自信を喪失していたが、伊集院の心からの説得により立ち直る。その後は麻酔遊びをやめ、自分の腕が鈍らないうちに少しでも多くの若手を育てることを決意する。
里原ミキ（さとはら みき）
看護師。霧島軍司の異母妹（軍司の父の愛人の子）で、認知されて以降は軍司から高圧的に接されてきた。自身の進学希望先は北日本大ではなかったが、兄の命令により北日本大に進学。そこで必死にオペ看（器械出し）としての腕を磨き、医師の信用を勝ち得た。NGOに残った朝田の後を追って海外に渡り、医療支援NGOで共に働き、看護師の領域を超える外科医の技術すらも身につけて帰ってきた。初めてチームを組む執刀医でも、そのリズムや術式を瞬時に理解して順応することができるほどの優れた腕前を持つ。朝田に恋心を抱いており、親密な仲にある。

胸部心臓外科

野口教授を頂点とする明真大学医学部内の医局のひとつ。その実態は封建社会そのもの―権力が患者の人権を踏みにじり、医療ミス、そして癒着を固く隠蔽する。

野口賢雄（のぐち たけお）
明真大学付属病院心臓外科教授にして、明真大学病院胸部心臓外科医局長。権力を一手に握り、ミスが起これば部下に責任をなすりつけ自分の保身を図る男。丸メガネがトレードマークで、政治力には非常に長けている。物語が進むにつれて権力の妖怪の様相が濃さを増し続けており、その不気味そのものの存在感は計り知れないものがある。祖父江とは学生時代からのライバル同士。祖父江曰く「上ったところでハシゴをはずす男」。常に王道を行く政治手腕は「政局に強いのは野口」と医局員全体から思わせるもの。原田の手術を期に自身が教授候補としてつれてきた霧島との対立が深まり、その結果、絶対的だった医局内での影響力にかげりが見え始める。王者が弱い立場に立たされた一方で父親として、夫として、医者としての「人間・野口」が物語の中で描かれていくことになる。妻の咲江は祖父江とも親交あり。息子・政之は東欧に勤める外交官で、昔、加藤と恋仲だった。策士で冷徹な反面、家族思いで子煩悩。女は家庭に入ってこそ幸せだという亭主関白的な思想ももっている。後に重篤な心臓疾患を抱えていることがわかり、加藤・霧島・国立の三派に自身の手術プランのプレゼンテーションをさせ、国立のステント手術をセレクトするが、この一件が大きな事件の引き金となる。好きなものは、ナポリタンで、部下を引き連れて食べに行くこともある
霧島軍司（きりしま ぐんじ）
北日本大学心臓外科医。ミキの異母兄であり、北日本大学時代の朝田の先輩。加藤に対立する教授候補として明真大学に赴任する。政治的手腕に長けており、野口に警戒心を呼び起こさせるほど。かつては北日本大学心臓外科の若手のリーダーであった。当時朝田も無愛想ながらも霧島に信頼と期待を寄せていたが、一方で霧島は朝田に対して無自覚な嫉妬を抱えていた。後に霧島が医療ミスを犯してしまった際、その嫉妬と自己保身が引き金となり朝田に濡れ衣を着せ、結果として彼を北日本大から追放する事となる。皮肉にもこれが原因となって霧島は朝田への劣等感を自覚し、またそれを肥大化させていった。教授選では「凡人である医者を守る」というスローガンを掲げ戦う中で自身の「本当に欲する物」を知り、朝田に対する劣等感が消えるのと共に野口と対立することになる。自らの意思で霧島に師事した伊集院に目をかけており、伊集院が霧島の元を離れた後も大きな影響を与えている。
木原毅彦（きはら たけひこ）
明真大学助手にして明真大学病院胸部心臓外科医。当初は伊集院の指導医を務めていた。医局の権威を無視する朝田に敵意を抱く。小心者で優柔不断、小悪役ではあるが母親思いの優しい側面、教授選で最も不利と目される加藤派に属する伊集院を気遣う側面も描写されている。選挙管理委員に選ばれ、野口の歓心を引くために腐心していたが、後に霧島の人柄に惹かれて霧島派に転向。作品では（この物語における）平均的な医局員の代表としての側面が強い。ミキに好意を寄せているが全く相手にされていない。
沖秀之（おき ひでゆき）
胸部心臓外科医師で役職は講師。木原の指導医をつとめた。野口と癒着のあるメーカーが作る不良品ペースメーカーを採用し、そのペースメーカーの不具合で事故が発生。責任を取らされる形で系列病院へと異動になる。朝田曰く「トカゲの尻尾切り」。「私は医局に染まりすぎたようだ」というセリフを最後に明真を去る。
岡島海（おかじま ひろし）
伊集院に年の近い先輩医師。ステロタイプな体育会的性格の持ち主で、当初は後輩である伊集院に高圧的に接していた。しかしそれ故に他人の能力を素直にリスペクトする面も持ち合わせており、胸部心臓外科の中では朝田の外科技術や伊集院の成長を早い時点で認めていた。現在では自らの外科技術の低さを自覚しつつも腐らずに職務に取り組んでいる。
鱈淵純（たらぶち じゅん）
伊集院と同期の研修医。伊集院をいつも小馬鹿にするも、医師としての能力は極めて低く、いつも周りの足を引っ張る。プライドだけは高い。良くも悪くも空気を読めないため、周囲が気づいていない事に気づくこともある。
中田浩道（なかた ひろみち）
明真大学病院胸部心臓外科医。心臓外科の中では朝田、加藤につぐ腕利きであると同時に伊集院の腕を認めたり、朝田の技術に一目おくなど医局の中では公平な考えを持つ医師。教授選の最中でもどの派閥にも属さず、医局内の権力闘争を冷ややかに見ている。細かな出番が多い。
小暮義隆（こぐれ よしたか）
自らをロートル医師と卑下する反面、野口の影響力低下を意識するよう若手に説く臨床を中心とする研究畑の中年医師。
道元（どうもと）
野口の忠実な番犬と加藤に称された教授選の選挙管理委員。野口の影響力低下の中で海外留学を餌に国立に懐柔され、結果的に野口を裏切ることになる。
露木（つゆき）
野口の忠実な番犬と加藤に称された教授選の選挙管理委員。霧島と野口の対立色が鮮明になると野口を裏切り霧島へとなびくことになる。
脇田（わきた）
国立派。胸部心臓外科でも実力重視を望む実力派の医師。
井坂多岐子（いさか たきこ）
胸部心臓外科の女医。現在妊娠中。2度の流産経験があり、子供を待望する夫と子供を作れない女医の苦悩の板ばさみに悩み卑屈に振舞っていた。女を捨て、出世コースを突き進む加藤に対し憧れを抱いている反面、冷酷に振舞う彼女の姿に激しい憎悪を燃やしていたが、加藤と共に緊急オペを共に行う中で、彼女の信念を知って考えを改める。
別府（べっぷ）
胸部心臓外科の医師。子育てに悩むシングルファーザー。激務の外科医をこなす一方で幾度となく保育園、ベビーシッターに子供のことで呼び出されることに苦悩している。子供のために開業医として独立することを考えているが、臨床ができなくなることへ後ろ髪引かれる思いでいる。

救急救命部（ER）

明真大学病院が新しい経営スタイルを模索する上で最近新たに設立された部局。アメリカから腕利きの医師である鬼頭直人を招聘したり、かなり自由な予算裁量権を与えるなど、明真大学としても力を入れている部局である。

鬼頭直人（きとう なおと）
明真大学病院救急救命部の責任者で、明真大学の理事会が救急救命部の成績を上げる為にアメリカのアイルトン大学から呼び寄せた外様教授。臨床における腕はかなり高いレベルにあるものと推測される。日本の医療を変えるという野心に溢れた男で、救急救命部に朝田を引き入れようとするが、教授選を前に諦めた。
国立笙一郎（くにたち しょういちろう）
加州大学洛杉矶分校（加利福尼亞大學ロサンゼルス校）元教授。明真大学胸部心臓外科教授選挙に出馬するために日本に帰国。明真大学病院救命救急部の鬼頭直人とは帝都大学医学部同期。現在、救急救命部助教授。高いカリスマ性と技術力を持つ。医局にアメリカンスタイルの実力主義を持ち込もうと考えている。世界中にコネクションがあり、優秀な医局員を世界へ派遣し明真大の技術力向上、ひいては日本医療界の改革を目指す。
一人息子を伴って帰国し、日本とアメリカの文化の長所を知った国際人になってほしいと願っているが、当の本人は理解を示していない。
権藤（ごんどう）
中学時代の鬼頭の後輩で彼を追う形で医師への道を志すことになる。かわいくないパンダのような顔（朝田談）をした救急救命部の医師。5人の子持ち。鬼頭に強い憧れの感情を抱いており、彼に対しては非常に従順。
バウマン
国立が明真に呼び寄せた世界的な麻酔医。荒瀬をも凌ぐ腕前を持つが、てんかんの持病がある。自身の技術を伝える後継者を育てられなかったため、発作を薬で抑えながら現場に立ち続けていたが、ある重要なオペの最中、抑え続けていた発作が再発してしまい、患者に適切な処置を施せずに現場を混乱させてしまった。以後は2度と手術室に立たないと決意し、荒瀬に「自身の技術を継ぐ後継者を育てないと、才能が無くなってもいつまでも天才を演じ続ける羽目になる」と助言する。
クレメンス
バウマンと同時期に国立が呼び寄せた世界的な医師で、かつては加藤と同じチームのNGOに所属し医療支援活動を行っていた。加藤は彼から朝田の評判を聞きつけ、その腕前を間近で見たことで、帰国後に朝田をスカウトすると決意する。バチスタチームの腕前をその目で見たことで、加藤の組閣力、医師を辞めていたはずの朝田の腕の冴え、そして伊集院の類稀なる才能に着目。とりわけ伊集院に関しては、「アメリカに留学させ、本格的な指導を受けさせれば素晴らしい医師となるだろう」と高く評価している。

教授会

医局員が足を踏み入れることを許されない、権力者たちの聖域。

祖父江真介（そふえ しんすけ）
明真大学病院・消化器外科教授。野口の政敵である。青医連の運動に最後まで残ったため医者になるのが遅れる、難易度の高い手術を教授自らが執刀するなど、野口と比較すると良く言えば正々堂々とした、悪く言えば手段を選んでしまう側面があり、それゆえ野口の後手を踏んでしまうことが多い。加藤の提案した選挙改革によって教授選における現教授の影響力が弱まったため、それをカバーするために野口と手を組むこととなった。
烏丸（からすま）
明真大学病院・循環器内科教授。患者の治療方針に関し藤吉と度々衝突。折を見て口実をつけ藤吉を飛ばすことを画策している。
大島（おおしま）
明真大学病院の若手教授。教授選改革に積極的。空気の読めない男で教授会の権力闘争からは無縁。その陰のない性格について鬼頭に心の中で「単細胞」と毒づかれたことも。
横光（よこみつ）
明真大学病院の産婦人科教授。

患者たち

作中、登場し登場人物たちにかかわってくる患者たち。

奈良橋房江（ならはしふさえ）
明真大学における最初のバチスタ施術患者。以前、明真大学病院の婦長を務めており、新人だった加藤の面倒を見ていた。加藤の恩人の一人。加藤の判断に全幅の信頼を寄せている。
田原よしてる（たはらよしてる）
「田所博之」という偽名で入院しているVIP患者。鋭い目線で伊集院や霧島の性格を当てた元政治家。酒と烟草のやりすぎで重症状の心肌梗死を患っている。血液型はABO血型系统。彼の手術がその後の霧島、岡島、伊集院の歩む道へ大きな影響を与えることになる。あまり可愛くないおじいちゃん子の孫がいる。
野口政之（のぐちまさゆき）
胸部心臓外科教授・野口賢雄の息子にして助教授・加藤晶の元恋人。東欧に駐在する外交官で野口の自慢の息子。現在では妊娠中の妻がおり、一見幸せそうに見えるが、一方的に別れを告げられた加藤に対し未練があり、神経過敏な妻が自分の中では重い存在だと思っている。弱さを見せた時に自身の中に潜む加藤の幻影がたびたびあらわれ、彼を翻弄している。
国立真悟（くにたち しんご）
国立笙一郎の一人息子。親のエゴを押しつけられた教育は彼を殻に閉じ込めさせ、結果的に強い父親への劣等感を生んでしまう。アメリカ住まいが長く、日本語と英語を使いこなすことができ、時に暴力的な言葉を英語で投げかけるが、それも強い劣等感から来るものである。同じような境遇の霧島に一時は心を開いたかと思われたが、父の失敗を目にしたことを引き金にとんでもない事件を巻き起こす。

補足

バチスタ手術

本作品のキーとなっているバチスタ手術は、現実のバチスタ手術をモデルとしているが、その扱いは架空のものである。実際のバチスタ手術は、1980年代に開発されており、学会発表は1995年、日本での最初の施術は1996年、そして1998年には保険適用手術とされている。本作品における「バチスタ手術」は「難手術」の記号として使われているにすぎず、実際のバチスタ手術の紹介とはなっていないことに注意が必要である。考案したのはブラジル人のRandas J.V.Batista博士。日本では1996年12月2日に須磨久善医師によって初めて実行された。

NGO

朝田が所属していたとされる非政府组织は、「無國界醫生」「世界の医療団」などをモデルとしたものであり、戦地や災害地などでの医療支援を行うことを目的として活動している。両者とも日本にも支部を置いており、医生や護理人員が参加しているほか、阪神淡路大震災・新潟縣中越地震などの際には日本に対しても緊急医療支援を行っている。

「新バチスタ」について

作品の中で朝田が新バチスタとして行った「オーバーラッピング法」は、バチスタ手術の改善術式として北海道大学病院循環器外科教授松居喜郎（2006.4.1より赴任）が開発したもので、正式名は左室縮小術（Overlapping cardiac volume reduction operation）。[1]有用な術式ではあるものの困難で危険性を伴う術式でもあり、アメリカ合衆国では禁止術式とされている。 ちなみに医師内では『松居式』という俗称で呼ばれる事が多いが、松居教授本人は自分の名前で呼ばれる事を嫌っている。

書籍

単行本

ビッグコミックス

My First BIG SPECIAL

テレビドラマ

Template:ドラマ

JuneAugust/临时文字
原作乃木坂太郎
主演水田成英
久保田哲史（1）
葉山浩樹（2〜） ほか
字幕文字多重放送

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon-

2006年4月13日から6月29日まで、フジテレビ系列にて毎週星期四の22:00-22:54に放送。全11回（初回と最終回は15分拡大して、23:09までの放送。6月22日は、足球W杯特別番組、及びチェコVSイタリア戦を中継のため放送休止した）。平均視聴率は14.8%。最高視聴率は最終回の17.2%。

廣告標語は「ハートの手術を始めるぜ」。

教授を頂点とする大学病院の権威主義と戦いながら、患者に向かっていく天才外科医・朝田龍太郎が優秀なメンバーを揃え"チームドラゴン"を作り上げていき、メンバーが一丸となって"バチスタ手術"の成功に向けて戦う姿を描いている。基本的には原作に忠実なストーリーとなっているが一部設定の変更などがなされており、ストーリーはドラマが放送開始するまでに連載された原作第11巻までの内容が基となっていて、3例目のバチスタ手術が成功しチームが解散するところで終了している（詳細は#漫画版からの変更点を参照）。

後述の通り、高い支持を受けたため、2007年10月から第2シリーズが放送された。なお、第2シリーズ以降は原作の内容を離れたオリジナルストーリーとなっている。

出演者

朝田龍太郎（33→35<第2シリーズ>→37<第3シリーズ>） - 坂口憲二
熟達の腕を持つ外科医。NGO所属時に、火災の現場に取り残された瀕死の少年に対し心臓マッサージを続け、その際に背中に大火傷を負う。その痕は背中にあたかも龍の姿の如く刻まれている。この時現場で燃え盛っていた炎が青かったことから、青という色を忌避する。その若さにして高い技術を持つが、教授への反抗心が強く、定められた治療法を無視することも。
4年前、北日本大学からMSAP（万人のための医師団）に参加していたが半年後病院が撤退しても現地に居座ったとし病院から追放、教授の手回しで何処の病院も雇ってはくれない。多額の借金を抱えており、取立屋に追われている日々が続く。うだつの上がらぬ日々を送っていた彼の元に、明真大学付属病院心臓外科助教授の加藤が引き抜きにやってくる。元同僚のオペ看の里原ミキに諭されたこと、バチスタ手術への興味もあって明真大付属病院を訪れたが、その医局の現状に改めて愕然とした朝田は「医者には戻らない」と言って一度は加藤の元を離れる。だが、気胸で倒れたミキの応急救命処置を通して医師としてのバイタリティを蘇らせ、加藤の招集に応じてチームのリーダーに就任する。
第1シリーズ最終回で、日本初のバチスタ手術を成功させた第一人者となるが、加藤や霧島の教授選を争った以来、再び一人で非政府组织へと渡った。第2シリーズで再度明真に戻り、野口の策略で伊集院・藤吉と共に北洋病院に左遷されるも新しいチーム作りに奔走し、新旧チームドラゴンの力を結集させ難度の高い心脏移植手術を成功させた。チーム解散後再度海外に渡る。
第3シリーズでは、学長となった鬼頭により明真に呼び寄せられる。第5話で屋上から転落し、伊集院らの懸命の手術により一命を取り留める。一時的な記憶喪失や创伤后心理压力紧张综合症を発症してしまったが、手術を通して克服した。最終回では黒木の最期を看取った唯一の人物。荒瀬曰く、体重は76キロ（第2シリーズからは1キロ減り、75キロ）。
加藤 晶（35→39<第3シリーズ>） - 稻森泉
明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科助教授（第1シリーズ）→教授（第1シリーズ最終回、第3シリーズ）。
朝田の腕を利用して日本初のバチスタ手術の論文を成功させ、教授の座を狙う。朝田が来るまでその若さで胸部心臓外科のエースを誇っており、朝田も認めるほど、技術は相当高い。相当な野心家で、「論文のためなら、患者を切り捨てる」が晶の根拠である。霧島とは恋人であると同時にライバルだったが、霧島の裏切りによってバチスタ成功論文を越されてしまう。さらに、それを期に野口からも京都の姉妹校への左遷を命じられ窮地に生い立たされるが、朝田達に「このチームには加藤が必要」と励まされ、感銘を受ける。これをきっかけに、「チームドラゴン」のメンバーとしてチームを守っていくと決意。最終回で、新バチスタの論文が完成し教授に就任する。
第2シリーズでは教授就任後単身渡米したため未登場。第3シリーズでは、アメリカで小児心臓移植のスペシャリストとして活躍していたところ、鬼頭により明真大学付属病院に呼び寄せられる。
「チームドラゴン」の5人目。
伊集院登（26→28<第2シリーズ>→30<第3シリーズ>） - 小池徹平
明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科後期研修医（第1シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院/北洋病院心臓外科医（第2シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科医（第3シリーズ）。
朝田に振り回されてばかりいるが、朝田の患者に対する真摯な姿勢や医局での経験を通じ成長していく。周りからは、「僕ちゃん」と呼ばれている。荒瀬や外山からは独特のヘアースタイルから、「真ん中分け」呼ばわりされることもある。荒瀬曰く、体重は53キロ。(第1シリーズ最終回では55キロ、2キロ増えたと指摘される)
第2シリーズでは、研修が終わりチーム解散後も変わらず外科医として仕事に励んでいたが、野口と片岡の策略で朝田・藤吉とともに北洋病院へ左遷され、北洋で起こる様々な難局に立ち向かう。第3シリーズでは以前よりはるかに医師としてのスキルが高くなっており、朝田に着いて行けるほどにまで成長。訴訟沙汰になっている今の明真の状況に疲れを隠せない。オペに入らなくなった荒瀬のことを心配していた。野口の謀略で次第にバラバラになるチームドラゴンで孤立を深めて行く中で黒木から共感を持たれ、黒木のチームに引き入れられるが、朝田の転落事故を通して彼の本心を知り、チームドラゴンに戻った。チーム黒木に入っていた頃に技術を身につけたことにより、黒木の後を引き継ぎ、カテーテル手術も行うようになった。
「チームドラゴン」の2人目。
霧島軍司（39→41<第2シリーズ>） - 北村一輝
北日本大学付属病院胸部心臓外科助教授→明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科医（第1シリーズ）→コロンビア大学医学部胸部心臓外科客員教授（第2シリーズ）。
ミキの異母兄。朝田の腕の良さに妬みを持っており、かつて同僚であった朝田が大学から追放されるよう根回しを行った。加藤の恋人であり、互いに意見交換をし合って協力するそぶりを見せていたが、後に裏切り、加藤から得たバチスタ手術の情報を北日本大にリークする。これによって日本初のバチスタ手術を加藤のチームではなく自身のチームで先に成功させ、名声を得るチャンスを加藤から奪い去った。この他、絶望的な症状の患者が明真に回されるように工作するなど、バチスタチームを妨害するが、終盤で自身の負けを認め朝田と和解し、米国に渡る。
第2シリーズでは朝田と良きライバルとなっており、初回では同日に別の手術を掛け持つ朝田のライブデモンストーレションへ協力するなど信頼関係を修復している。最終回では鬼頭の要請を受け、最新型の埋め込み型人工心臓を手に帰国し鬼頭と共に患者の危機を救い、朝田らと再会。「困ったときはまた呼んでくれ」との言葉を残し、再び渡米した。
第2シリーズは初回と最終回のみ登場。第3シリーズでは未登場。
荒瀬門次（34→36<第2シリーズ>→38<第3シリーズ>） - 阿部貞夫
明真大学付属病院救命救急部麻酔医。
一瞥しただけで寸分狂わずその人の体重を当てたり、手術中に患者の体温をあてたりと、麻酔医として天才的な腕前をもつ。ERで一時的に働いていた朝田は、そんな荒瀬をチームドラゴンの麻酔医として欲しがる。しかし、朝田がスカウトを試みるも、荒瀬は「論文絡みなら1000万」と高額な金を要求。さらに、奈良橋のバチスタ終了後に彼の重大な過去である、非人道的な麻酔論文に関与していたことが発覚し、それを知った伊集院ら朝田以外の他のメンバーは、荒瀬をチームに入れることを反対する。
昔、論文に関わったころから行き着けだったバーの店員の香（奥菜恵）が唯一の励ましとなっていたが、ある日、荒瀬が好物の「出汁巻き卵」を頼んだせいで香が銃撃事件に巻き込まれ瀕死の重態に陥ってしまう。しかしその命を朝田に救われ、またその手術の際に朝田の外科医としての腕を認め、香の手術代を報酬代わりとしてバチスタチームに入る。第2シリーズで、香と結婚し子供を授かった事を明かした（なお、第7話にてその子供が産まれたことも明かしている）。
第2シリーズでは北洋病院に左遷された朝田らと離れ、ミキとともに明真に残り「チーム鬼頭」のメンバーに加えられるも、最終的には朝田らとともに心臓移植手術に参加した。第3シリーズでは、一年前に起こった執刀医のミスによる手術の失敗から、ほとんどオペに入らなくなっていた。さらには左冠状血管主幹部狭窄を原因とする心肌梗死を発症し、命の危機に瀕するが、黒木によるカテーテル（冠狀動脈再成形術）で救われる。
「チームドラゴン」の4人目。
里原ミキ（25→27<第2シリーズ>） - 水川麻美
明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科看護師。
霧島の異母妹であり、共に北日本大で働いていた。その時に朝田と出会い、彼と親密な関係になる。後に霧島の手によって朝田が北日本大から追放された時にも自分もやめると霧島に言い放ち、彼の元を離れずMSAP（万人のための医師団）にも参加。その後朝田と共に帰国し、加藤にスカウトされた朝田と共に明真で働くことになる。霧島に対しては、彼の人間性や居候していた頃の自分や母親に対するぞんざいな扱いから、彼を強く憎んでいた。
オペ看護師としては並の医師よりも優れた医療知識と腕をもつ天才で、どの執刀医のオペでもそのリズムや術式を瞬時に理解して順応することができ、朝田と共に参加したMSAPでの経験から看護師の領域を超える外科医の技術をも身につけている。荒瀬曰く、体重は43キロ。
第2シリーズでは片岡の策略で朝田のチームから引き離され、荒瀬と共に明真に残ることになる。第3シリーズではドイツに長期出張中により未登場。
「チームドラゴン」の1人目。
木原毅彦（35→37<第2シリーズ>→39<第3シリーズ>） - 池田鉄洋
明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科助手。
自分の患者を朝田に蘇生された為に彼を嫌うが、完全に悪役にはなりきれない。伊集院とよく行動を共にし、「自分はチームドラゴンのサポーター」と言っている。そして時には患者のために奔走する。第3シリーズでは伊集院の他に、研修医である真柄とも一緒に行動をするようになる。
藤吉圭介（38→40<第2シリーズ>→42<第3シリーズ>） - 佐佐木藏之介
明真大学付属病院循環器内科講師（第1シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院/北洋病院循環器内科臨床医（第2シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院循環器内科研究医（第3シリーズ）。
先天的な心臓病（WPW症候群）を患っており、ペースメーカーを付けている。妻がいたが、医局での勤務が忙しく家に帰れない毎日が続き、ついには離婚。男手一人で育てている娘・樹里（向井地美音）もまた心室中膈缺損で明真に入院しており、自分のせいで娘を苦しませ続けていると自身を責め続けていた。内科医としては優秀だが、患者の立場になりすぎて外科医に患者を渡せずトラブルを起こす事もしばしば。朝田に対しても最初は強い反感を抱いていたが、娘の命（第2シリーズ後にウイルス性心筋炎を発症し死亡）や自分の命までもを救われ、朝田の人間性と腕を認め自らバチスタチームに入る。第1シリーズでは内科医でありながら「時間の許す限り患者の手術に立ち合うのが自分の主義だ」として手術室に入っていたが、第2シリーズの第3話以降は見学室で朝田たちの手術を見守っている。
朝田をはじめとするチームのメンバーには絶大な信頼を置いていて、第2シリーズ初回および第3シリーズ初回ではチーム解散後から勤務していた地方（前者は福冈县、後者は燒津市）の病院から明真に戻り、患者に朝田のオペを受けさせている。第2シリーズでは朝田・伊集院と共に北洋病院へ左遷され、北洋で心臓移植手術のための新しいチームを作ろうとする朝田を支えた。また、第3シリーズでは鬼頭からの要請でチームドラゴン結成以前に取り組んでいた再生医療の研究にも携わる。カテーテル医の黒木とは若い頃からの知り合いで彼の過去をよく知る。
「チームドラゴン」の3人目。
鬼頭笙子（45→47<第2シリーズ>→49<第3シリーズ>） - 夏木麻里
明真大学付属病院救命救急部教授（第1シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院院長（第2シリーズ）→明真大学学長（第3シリーズ）。
第3シリーズでは学長に就任。改正臓器移植法が施行されたこの機会に明真大学付属病院を改革する為に、チームドラゴンのメンバーを再集結させる。オレンジ色の物を極度に嫌っている。理由は看取った時、「患者の傍にオレンジのコスモスがあった」ため。それがトラウマになっている。野口の策略により、学長を解任されてしまう。
野口賢雄（59→61<第2シリーズ>→63<第3シリーズ>） - 岸部一徳
明真大学付属病院胸部心臓外科教授（第1シリーズ）→明真大学付属病院リスクマネジメント統括部長（第2シリーズ）→明真大学学長（第3シリーズ第9話〜）→医療評論家（第3シリーズ最終回）。
笑顔の裏に腹黒い本性を湛える、老獪で奸智に長けた人物で、バチスタ論文を成功させ、朝田、加藤を利用し総長の地位を狙う。しかし後に朝田の独断行動や霧島の陰謀によって次々と起こる不祥事に、加藤やバチスタチームに悪辣な牙を向けるようになる。
第2シリーズでは、教授選失敗の責を問われてタイの姉妹校に左遷されていたが、「リスクマネジメント統括部長」として帰国。裕福な患者のみを対象とした「明真メディカルシティ構想」を立ち上げて投資会社と手を組み暗躍するが、自身のスキャンダル（脱税・製薬会社との癒着、医療ミス）が発覚しアメリカに逃亡する。その際暴漢に襲われている。なお、「明真メディカルシティ構想」は雷曼兄弟迷你債券事件により立ち消えとなった。
第3シリーズではアメリカから帰国、「メディカルツーリズム構想」を掲げて、グローバル化を図ると同時にカテーテル医・黒木を招聘。チームドラゴンを壊滅すべく更に狡猾な謀略を仕掛け、思惑通りに行ったと思われたが、メディカルツーリズム構想が予想よりも順調に進んでしまい、鬼頭から「中国とのパイプを太くする」という目的で中国に左遷される。しかし中国・ロシアを回り人脈を作った後に帰国、さらに明真の理事達に根回しを行い鬼頭を解任に追い込み、学長の座を乗っ取る。
だが思うように行かず、最終回では学長を短期間で退任し、医療評論家となる。

ゲスト

音楽

  • 主題歌 - AI「Believe」
  • 挿入歌 - 關山藍果「Aesthetic」
    • ドラマオリジナルサウンドトラック収録。
  • メインテーマ - STEVE VAl「Building The Church」
    • アルバム『Real Illusions:Reflections』（2005年発表）収録。今作のドラマオリジナルサウンドトラックには未収録。

スタッフ

サブタイトル

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon-
各話 放送日 サブタイトル 演出 視聴率
KARTE:01 2006年4月13日 神の手を持つ男 久保田哲史 14.1%
KARTE:02 2006年4月20日 神の手と悪魔の薬 14.1%
KARTE:03 2006年4月27日 娘の心臓を守れ 水田成英 14.1%
KARTE:04 2006年5月4日 教授が患者を殺す 14.7%
KARTE:05 2006年5月11日 バチスタ手術開始 久保田哲史 14.8%
KARTE:06 2006年5月18日 バチスタ手術急転 15.1%
KARTE:07 2006年5月25日 絶対許せない男 水田成英 12.7%
KARTE:08 2006年6月1日 奇跡を起こす医師 久保田哲史 16.6%
KARTE:09 2006年6月8日 バチスタ手術断念 水田成英 13.8%
KARTE:10 2006年6月15日 この命は必ず守る 久保田哲史 15.1%
KARTE:11 2006年6月29日 最後のカード!!新バチスタ手術 17.2%
平均視聴率 14.7%（視聴率は関東地区・Video Research社調べ）

漫画版からの変更点

Template:ページ番号 Template:参照方法

  • ドラマ版のストーリーは3例目のバチスタ手術が終了するまでを取り扱っている。その後、バチスタチームは解散。主人公の朝田は病院を辞してふたたびNGOに戻るというドラマ独自の展開で結末を迎えた。[2]
  • ER教授鬼頭の性別変更（鬼頭直人→鬼頭笙子）。[3]
  • 原作では特に関係がなかった加藤晶と霧島軍司が恋人同士という設定。[4]
  • Template:要出典範囲
  • 祖父江の所属する科の変更（消化器外科→脳神経外科）。[5]
  • 里原ミキの勤める病院の変更（横浜みらい病院→明真大学付属病院）。[6]
  • 原作では両チーム共に同日・同時刻に行われているとあるが、ドラマでは、霧島軍司が行ったバチスタ手術が国内初という扱いになっていた。また、霧島の手術チームについては原作では言及されていないが、ドラマでは海外の著名な医師と組んで行われた。[7]
  • 三人目のバチスタ中に運ばれてくる急患は原作では木原の母親だが、ドラマでは霧島軍司が運ばれてくる。[8]
  • 原作第1話で晶がポルシェに乗って龍太郎の元へ行く途中に事故を起こしているが、ドラマ版では何事もなく到着している。[9]
  • バチスタ手術3例目の患者は、原作では片親（父親のみ）だがドラマ版では母親も健在。[10]
  • 原作では木原は朝田達と敵対する立場にある感じだがドラマでは影ながらチームを援護する等味方に徹している。[11]

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 2

上記の続編として、2007年10月11日から12月20日までフジテレビ系にて毎週木曜日の22:00-22:54に放送された。全11回（初回は、21:00-23:18の2時間18分、最終話は22:00-23:09の15分拡大版）。加藤晶役の稻森泉が出演しない他、新キャストが多数追加された。霧島軍司役の北村一輝は初回と最終回のみのゲスト出演となっている。

キャッチコピーは、「LIFE or MONEY? 命は金で買えるのか」。

前作とは異なり、「医療と金」をテーマにした完全なオリジナルストーリーとなっており、経営的に自立していないと破產そして買収の危機にさらされてしまう日本の医療の深刻な現状を題材に、アメリカで心脏移植手術を学んだ朝田が倒産寸前の病院で新しい"チームドラゴン"を結成しようと新たなる戦いに挑む姿を描いている。

本作からの出演者

片岡一美（30） - 內田有紀（幼少時代：杉本妃音奈)
外資系投資会社の重役。「チーム・ドラゴン」のメンバーを匿名で明真大学附属病院に呼び寄せるが、同病院の前でひき逃げ事故に遭い重傷を負い朝田に助けられる。その後、経営困難の状態の北洋病院に投資し、借金の形に営業権を手にしてオーナーとなり野口と手を組み明真大学附属病院と業務提携し、優秀な医師を明真に送り込み、逆に明真からは金にならない患者を北洋に送るように仕向ける。
北洋病院関係者

全員、第2話から登場。

松平幸太朗（33） - 佐藤二朗
北洋病院外科消化器外科医。
かつては西南大学医学部付属病院・消化器外科のエースで、日本初の非適合生体肝移植に成功し准教授にまで昇進した男であったが、そのエースとしての重責から次第に患者の為ではなく自身の論文成績と教授の覚えを良くする為に目立つ症例だけを手がけるようになり、ついには論文を改ざん。改ざんが発覚後は、予後不良な患者だけの治療をさせられる"敗戦処理"担当にされ、最後には医療ミスを名目に追い出される。それらの経緯が原因でメスが握れなくなり、朝から晩まで飲んだくれの最低の医者に成り下がっていたが、かつて非適合生体肝移植を受けた患者の母親の手術を通して再度メスを握ることを決め、チームドラゴンに入る。荒瀬からは『大将』と呼ばれている。
「チームドラゴン」の8人目。
小高七海（33） - 大塚寧寧
北洋病院外科麻酔医。
荒瀬に「朝田のスピードに付いて行けるのは俺とお前だけ」と言わしめるほどの実力の持ち主で麻酔の導入が速い。荒瀬とは彼が麻酔論文に関わっていた頃からの付き合いで、当時は彼の行きつけのバーでよく話し相手になっていた。
かつて緊急オペのため「誕生日に早く帰る」という息子・智樹との約束を破り、その間に智樹は喘息の発作で倒れて他の病院に運ばれてしまう。しかし、搬送先の麻酔医の医療ミスによって智樹は半身不随となってしまい、そのことがきっかけで手術にはほとんど参加していない。
朝田を頼ってやって来た息子・智樹とその父親である元夫に偶然再会するが、父親は小高の手術参加を断固拒否する。手術は小高抜きで開始するが、手術中に麻酔医の技量不足のため智樹が危険にさらされ、智樹を助けるため父親の制止を振り切って手術に飛び入り参加し、無事智樹を助ける事に成功。その後は父親とも和解しチームドラゴン入りを決意する。
普段からチョコレートをよく食べており、朝田から最初にチーム入りを要請された時にはカカオ中毒とはぐらかしていた。また、資料をもらいに北洋病院に来る木原から一方的に好意をもたれていたが一切相手をしていない。
「チームドラゴン」の9人目。
善田秀樹（58） - 志賀廣太郎
北洋病院院長。
野口とは対照的に患者をまず第一に考えた医療を志す。北洋病院の現状に憔悴しているが時折挑発的な言動をすることもあり、静かな闘志を内に秘めている。
野口とは学生時代の同期でお互い切磋琢磨し合う親友であったが、同期の医師たちの中で善田が最初の執刀医に選ばれたことで野口の嫉妬と怨みを買い決別する。最終話で野口のスキャンダルに関する資料を集めて失脚させるきっかけを作ったことが明らかになった。
野村博人（30<第2シリーズ>→32<第3シリーズ>） - 中村靖日
北洋病院外科臨床工学技士（第2シリーズ）→北洋病院/明真大学病院臨床工学技士（第3シリーズ）[12]。
北洋病院外科臨床工学技士。外科医に医療ミスの責任を押し付けられたため北洋病院に移された。
実力は確かだが内気で、ミスを転嫁された事から対人恐怖症気味となりさらに暗い性格になってしまった。しかし、朝田や伊集院の励ましによってそれを克服し、チームの一員として成長していく。その後はコミカルな一面も覗かせるようになった。グリーンピースが苦手。病院の食堂での食事の際には、いつもマイナイフ・フォークを使用している。
第3シリーズ第9話では外山と共に朝田に呼ばれ明真にやってくる。美人系に弱く加藤晶に憧れている。
「チームドラゴン」の6人目。
外山誠二（30<第2シリーズ>→32<第3シリーズ>） - 高橋一生
北洋病院外科血管外科医（第2シリーズ）→北洋病院/明真大学病院血管外科医（第3シリーズ）[12]
北洋病院外科血管外科医。
若手ながらその腕は折り紙つきの超一流であり、施術のスピードは朝田すら上回るほど。若手心臓外科医の登竜門であるコンテスト「フレッシュマンズライブ」で圧倒的な大差で優勝している。
東都大学医学部教授の父親や2人の兄と共に自身も東都大学医学部を卒業しているエリート家系に育つが、兄と比較すると出来が悪かったことから子供時代は褒められたことがなく、家族全員を目の敵にしている。北洋に飛ばされた原因は理不尽な要求を上司である講師につきつけられて殴ったためで、以上のように感情の起伏が激しく性格の面で問題がある。患者を自身の技術の腕を見せ付ける為の物とみなしたり、他のスタッフを馬鹿にするなど問題を抱えていたが、自身のミスで患者を術死させてしまいそうになった時に朝田やスタッフに助けられてたことにより考えが変わって、性格の改善が見られた。その後チームドラゴンに志願する。荒瀬曰く、体重は61キロ。
かつてはガムをよく噛んでいたが、例の手術以降は飴をよくなめている。また、コーヒーはエスプレッソしか飲まない。
第3シリーズ第9話では朝田の招集を受け明真にやってくる。
「チームドラゴン」の7人目。

ゲスト

音楽

  • 主題歌 - AI「ONE」
  • 挿入歌 - 関山藍果「Aesthetic」
    • ドラマオリジナルサウンドトラック収録。
  • メインテーマ - STEVE VAl「Building The Church」
    • ドラマオリジナルサウンドトラック収録。

スタッフ

  • 原案 - 永井明
  • 漫画 - 乃木坂太郎（小学館刊「隔週刊ビッグコミックスペリオール」連載）
  • 脚本 - 林宏司
  • 音楽 - 泽野弘之、河野伸
  • 医療アドバイザー - 吉沼美恵
  • 医事監修 - 須磨久善（心臓血管研究所付属病院）、佐野俊二（岡山大学病院副院長）、天野篤（順天堂大学医学部）
  • スケジュール - 三條広樹
  • 演出補 - 星野和成、森脇智延、田中亮
  • 記録 - 荒澤志津子、恩田一代
  • 制作担当 - 由利芳伸、壷井力、碓井祐介
  • 制作主任 - 菅村実雪、村松秀昭、吉田知弘、斉藤勲
  • プロデュース補 - 秋山八重子
  • 撮影協力 - 岡病院、いばらきフィルムコミッション、茨城県庁、東京西徳洲会病院、
  • 協力 - 渋谷ビデオスタジオ、ビデオスタッフ、東新、バウムレーベン、ブルーバック
  • ラインプロデュース - 斉藤あや
  • プロデュース - 長部聡介、三竿玲子
  • 演出 - 水田成英、葉山浩樹、星野和成
  • 制作 - フジテレビドラマ制作センター
  • 制作著作 - フジテレビ

サブタイトル

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 2
各話 放送日 サブタイトル 演出 視聴率
KARTE:01 2007年10月11日 復活!!チームドラゴン!!母の命か胎児の命か…
余命2ヶ月の心臓病患者は妊娠7ヶ月!!
絶対子供はあきらめない!!運命の緊急手術が始まる		 水田成英 21.0%
KARTE:02 2007年10月18日 捨てられる患者 16.8%
KARTE:03 2007年10月25日 その手術は失敗する 15.5%
KARTE:04 2007年11月1日 絶対殺せない患者 葉山浩樹 15.8%
KARTE:05 2007年11月8日 決行!! 運命の無輸血手術 15.0%
KARTE:06 2007年11月15日 もう1人の天才外科医… 水田成英 17.6%
KARTE:07 2007年11月22日 復活!!スーパードクター 葉山浩樹 14.1%
KARTE:08 2007年11月29日 絶対に許せない麻酔医!! 水田成英 16.6%
KARTE:09 2007年12月6日 余命2ヶ月!!奇跡の手術 星野和成 17.6%
KARTE:10 2007年12月13日 総力戦!!運命の心臓移植 葉山浩樹 15.4%
KARTE:11 2007年12月20日 運命の4時間!!最後の手術 水田成英 17.7%
平均視聴率 17.2%（視聴率は関東地区・Video Research社調べ）

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 3

上記の続編として、2010年10月14日から12月16日までフジテレビ系にて毎週木曜日の22:00-22:54に放送された。全10回（初回は21:00-23:08、最終回は22:00-23:09までの拡大）。主演の坂口憲二の他、第1シリーズに出演していた稻森泉が約4年半ぶりに復帰、里原ミキ役の水川麻美と霧島軍司役の北村一輝が出演しない以外はレギュラー出演陣もあまり変わりはない。さらに、朝田と対立する内科医に遠藤憲一、新人研修医役に谷村美月らが出演。また、第2シリーズに出演していた野村博人役の中村靖日と外山誠二役の高橋一生は第9話と最終回にゲスト出演している。

キャッチコピーは、「龍よ、眠れ。」。

今作も完全なオリジナルストーリーとなっており、経営不振に陥った明真に再集結した"チームドラゴン"のメンバーたちが、明真に再び舞い戻ってきた野口が経営再建策として掲げるメディカルツーリズム構想と突如目の前に立ちはだかった天才カテーテル医を前に、「医療の国際化と外科医の存在意義」という難題に立ち向かっていく彼らの闘いを描いている。

本作からの出演者

黒木慶次郎（44） - 遠藤憲一
アメリカから帰国した野口がチームドラゴンの壊滅を目的に明真に呼び寄せた、循環器内科医。外科医（特に心臓外科医）を憎んでおり、藤吉とは以前からの知り合い。最高レベルのカテーテル技術を持ち、野口曰く「もう一つのアメリカ土産」。その技術は極めて高く、心肌梗死を発症し死の淵にいた荒瀬を45分で処置し蘇生させたほど。元は心臓外科学で、彼が心臓外科医時代に彼の婚約者の心臓の手術で教授が名誉欲しさにRoss手术を選択。教授は手術に失敗し、保身のため黒木にミスを擦り付けた過去がある。そのおかげでここまで強くなれたと藤吉に語る。伊集院と自身をダブらせるなど、彼にある種の共感を抱いている。それにより伊集院を自分のチームに引き入れた。
アメリカ勤務時代から慢性粒细胞性白血病に冒されており、明真に来てからもその症状に苦しみ続けていた。最後は朝田に看取られ息を引き取る。(息は引き取ったが、チームドラゴンの一員となった。)
黒木亡き後、カテーテル技術は伊集院に受継がれた。
「チームドラゴン」永久欠番の10人目。
真柄冬実（26) - 谷村美月
新人研修医。研修や教育は伊集院が担当している。プライベート優先主義で、手術の研修に「予定がある」とごねた上にシフトの定時で即刻帰ってしまう。また書類整理などの雑務には不満な顔を隠そうともせず、朝田のオペが終わると「疲れた」と愚痴りながらさっさと手術室から退散するという極度の面倒臭がり。だが思ったことをそのまま口に出してしまう反面、的を射た発言をすることもあってか、伊集院や木原達は口を出せない。木原とはいいコンビである。徹のオペの際、エピネフリンのコネクターを外してしまうミスをし、オペに対して恐怖心を抱いてしまうが、朝田のオペに助手として入ったことで克服した。
北川響 - 初音映莉子
加藤がアメリカからチームに招いた看護師。第3話よりオペに加わる。その器械出しの速度はミキに勝るとも劣らない。噂話をそのまま相手に伝えるなど、ドライな性格の一面も持っている。密かに研修中の真柄のことを応援している。
手柴勝則 - 増田修一朗
鬼頭の秘書だったが、第9話での野口の根回しにより寝返り、野口の秘書となった。
高瀬清 - 渡辺いっけい
元港北大学病院外科臨床工学技士で心臓外科医時代の黒木の同僚であり親友だった。黒木の婚約者の心臓の手術に失敗後、罪悪感に蝕まれ港北を退職、現在は医療品メーカーの営業をしている。第9話で妻である高瀬春香（出口結美子）が重度の心臓病に掛かった為、黒木にカテーテル手術を依頼しに明真を訪れる。第10話では2つのチームによる、妻のベンタール・トータルアーチ手術とロシア人女性のトリプルバルブ手術中に娘の恵（菅野莉央）が肺塞栓で倒れ、腕のあるMEが不足する状況で黒木の提案により急遽手術に参加、手術中に誰もしたことのないとされるダブルサーキュレーション用の回路を驚異的なスピードで作り、朝田に絶賛される。

ゲスト

音楽

  • メインテーマ - 澤野弘之「TEARS Of The DRAGON」(ボーカル：小林未郁)
    • ドラマオリジナルサウンドトラック収録。
  • 主題歌 - DEEP「未来への扉」

スタッフ

  • 原案 - 永井明
  • 漫画 - 乃木坂太郎（小学館刊「隔週刊ビッグコミックスペリオール」連載）
  • 脚本 - 林宏司
  • 音楽 - 澤野弘之、河野伸
  • プロデュース - 渡辺恒也
  • 演出 - 水田成英、葉山裕記、田中亮
  • 企画 - 長部聡介
  • 制作 - フジテレビドラマ制作センター
  • 制作著作 - フジテレビ

サブタイトル

医龍 -Team Medical Dragon- 3
各話 放送日 サブタイトル 演出 視聴率
KARTE:01 2010年10月14日 あの伝説のチームが遂に復活!!
心臓がなくなる…史上最悪の超難手術に挑む
朝田の前に最強の敵が立ち塞がる		 水田成英 16.4%
KARTE:02 2010年10月21日 花嫁が迫られた命より重い選択!
神の手vs悪魔の指先		 葉山裕記 14.8%
KARTE:03 2010年10月28日 裏切りの公開手術!
起死回生をかけてチームドラゴンが難手術に挑む		 水田成英 12.5%
KARTE:04 2010年11月04日 誰も知らないカルテ!
天才の光と伊集院の涙…そのチームは誰のため		 葉山裕記 12.9%
KARTE:05 2010年11月11日 心臓移植を待つ子供…
天才医師でも救えない患者、打ち砕かれた希望		 田中亮 12.7%
KARTE:06 2010年11月18日 心停止! 朝田の心臓が止まった!!
命をかけて救った命…伊集院、お前が救え!		 葉山裕記 15.2%
KARTE:07 2010年11月25日 総力戦! 2分の手術! 忘れたはずの恋と子供の命…
この子を絶対に死なせない!		 水田成英 13.1%
KARTE:08 2010年12月2日 朝田復活! 奇跡の手術!
右手に託された命の約束…先生僕を助けて!		 田中亮 11.1%
KARTE:09 2010年12月9日 遂に来た! 最強の仲間!
絶対に許せない過去の男…お前は俺が救う!		 葉山裕記 12.2%
KARTE:10 2010年12月16日 母の命か娘の命か!
仲間の命を懸けた禁断の最終オペが今、始まる!		 水田成英 15.2%
平均視聴率 13.6%（視聴率は関東地区・Video Research社調べ）
  • 視聴率的には1シリーズ、2シリーズに比べ、低かったが、同枠では任侠ヘルパー以来1年3ヶ月ぶりの全話2桁となった。

備考

  • 第1シリーズの平均視聴率は決して高くはなかったが、最終回には「主播台女王」に次いで2番目の高視聴率を記録した。また、2006年春クールの連続ドラマで唯一、最終回で最高視聴率を記録している。
  • 第2シリーズの平均・最高視聴率ともに2007年10月期では「ガリレオ」に次いで2位となった。
  • オリコンの「ドラマ期待度・満足度」では回を追うごとに上位にランクインした。テレビ雑誌・ザテレビジョンが毎クールごとに行っている「ドラマアカデミー賞」（2006年春クール）で最優秀作品賞受賞。他、音楽賞、監督賞を受賞。
  • 製作の医事監修を担当したのが、日本で初めてバチスタ手術を実行した須磨久善医師、左心低形成症候群の外科治療のプロの佐野俊二医師、冠動脈バイパス術のスペシャリストの天野篤医師の3人。
  • 第2シリーズの8話および9話にて若い頃の野口と善田のストーリーが出た際、若い頃の野口役を演じていた岸部大輔は岸部一徳の実の息子である（これは、岸部一徳本人からの提案で実現した）。

脚注

  1. ^ Overlapping cardiac volume reduction operation. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. 2002年 [2010-07-03]. 
  2. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（11）』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2006年） 第86幕「選管」105頁以降。
  3. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（3）』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2003年） 第21幕「定例教授会」150頁。
  4. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（5）』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2004年） 第37幕「学会荒らし」131頁-134項・同8巻 第65幕「教授の資質」209項-211項。加藤の恋人や元恋人については、野口の息子以外に記述は無い。
  5. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（3）』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉 第21幕「定例教授会」145頁。
  6. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（1)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2003年） 第5幕「別の生き物」149頁・153項。
  7. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（6)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2004年） 第40幕「論文レース」31頁-33項。
  8. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（10)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2006年） 第77幕「審議ゲーム」92頁-101項。
  9. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（1)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉 第1幕「龍の目覚め」7頁-9項。
  10. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon（9)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉（2005年） 第68幕「白衣」58頁-76項。
  11. ^ 乃木坂太郎・永井明 『医龍-Team Medical Dragon(11)』 小学館〈ビッグコミック〉 第75幕「密告」。同7巻 第50幕「医療ミス隠蔽工作」・同2巻 第12幕「教授選定機器」とほぼ全ての単行本に朝田と木原の確執が描かれている。
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 KARTE:09並びにKARTE:10以降新学長の方針と加藤教授に腕を買われ北洋と提携の後明真に出向している　。

外部リンク

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接档JuneAugust/临时文字被接档
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