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被取代的科學理論

维基百科,自由的百科全书
地心說是著名的已被否定的宇宙體系

此條目列出曾獲得廣泛共識的理論及學說,但被現今科學認定為現實的不完全或錯誤的解讀。因此偽科學邊綠科學等未曾獲廣泛共識的理論不算在內。另外也不包括李森科主義等部分地方的被操縱或扭曲[1][2]的研究。

一個好的科學理論具可測試性及會作出能被否證的假說,[3]因此學說中若有較多被取代的理論,一定程度上顯示該學說的研究使用了良好的科學方法,反之亦然。另外,一些不充分或不準確的理論或模型有時仍會於現今使用。例如經典力學不足以描述原子大小、接近光速或極大質量的物體,但這套理論仍會被傳授和和一般情況中使用。又如地平說雖已被否證,但在小尺度的測量和地圖繪製中使用該模型也不會造成大誤差。

被取代的理論

生物學

化學

物理

天文學及宇宙學

地理及氣象學

地質學

心理學

醫學

不完全的理論

被否定的物質或能量

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