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後認知主義

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後認知主義postcognitivism)泛指认知科学中的某些運動,這些運動的主張反對诺姆·乔姆斯基杰里·福多大卫·马尔等人所提出的認知主義理論,或跨越了這些認知主義理論設下的限制。

後認知主義者挑戰認知主義的信條,包括本體二元论表象實在論(representative realism)、認知是獨立於心智和神經系統之外的歷程、電子計算機是心智的恰當類比,以及認知只發生在個體內部。[1]

遵循後認知主義方向的研究人員包括Hubert Dreyfus格雷戈里·贝特森Bradd Shore杰罗姆·布鲁纳Vittorio GuidanoHumberto Maturana弗朗西斯科·瓦雷拉[2]

後認知主義思維的例子

註記

  1. ^ Wallace, B; Ross, A; Davies, J.B; Anderson, T. The Mind, the Body and the World: Psychology after Cognitivism. London: Imprint Academic. 2007. ISBN 978-1-84540-073-6. 
  2. ^ Varela, F., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (1991). The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.

參考文獻

  • Costall, A. and Still, A. (eds) (1987) Cognitive Psychology in Question. Brighton: Harvester Press Ltd.
  • Costall, A. and Still, A. (eds) (1991) Against Cognitivism: Alternative Foundations for Cognitive Psychology. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
  • Potter, J. (2000). "Post cognitivist psychology", Theory and Psychology, 10, 31–37.
  • Stahl, G. (2015). The group as paradigmatic unit of analysis: The contested relationship of CSCL to the learning sciences. In M. Evans, M. Packer & K. Sawyer (Eds.), The learning sciences: Mapping the terrain. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Web: http://GerryStahl.net/pub/ls.pdf页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
  • Wallace, B., Ross, A., Davies, J.B., and Anderson, T. (2007) The Mind, The Body and the World: Psychology After Cognitivism. London: Imprint Academic.
  • Witt, J. K. (2011). "Action's Effect on Perception", Current Directions in Psychological Sciences, 20,201-206.
  • Zielke, B. (2004) Kognition und soziale Praxis: Der Soziale Konstruktionismus und die Perspektiven einer postkognitivistischen Psychologie. Bielefeld: transcript.