各國自然災害風險指數列表
本列表列出了世界上大部分國家的自然災害風險指數。該指數是由聯合國大學環境與人類安全研究所和德國發展援助聯盟基於28項指標和研究數據計算得出的，用以衡量各國遭受自然災害（如地震、暴雨、洪水、乾旱等）的風險[1][2]。該指數的計算還參考了各國應對自然災害的響應程度及災後恢復程度[3]。聖多美普林西比和薩摩亞曾被納入在2011年至2013年的報告中，但在2016年遭到移除[4]。
聯合國大學環境與人類安全研究所和德國發展援助聯盟在2012年發布的《世界風險報告》中認為，中美洲、大洋洲、撒哈拉沙漠南部和東南亞這四個地區是自然災害風險最大的地區[5]。
各國自然災害風險指數列表
在下表中，█代表指數範圍在0.10－3.61之間，代表災害機率極小；█代表指數範圍在3.62－5.68之間，代表災害機率較低；█代表指數範圍在5.69－7.43之間，代表災害機率一般；█代表指數範圍在7.44－10.37之間，代表災害機率較高；█代表指數範圍在10.38－36.43，代表災害機率極高。
| 排名 | 國家 | 2016[4][6] | 2013[7] | 2012[8] | 2011[9] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  卡達
|
0.08% | 0.11% | 0.10% | 0.02% |
| 2 |  馬爾他
|
0.60% | 0.61% | 0.61% | 0.72% |
| 3 |  沙烏地阿拉伯
|
1.14% | 1.32% | 1.31% | 1.26% |
| 4 |  巴貝多
|
1.32% | 1.16% | 1.15% | 2.44% |
| 5 |  格瑞那達
|
1.42% | 1.44% | 1.46% | 2.29% |
| 6 |  冰島
|
1.52% | 1.55% | 1.53% | 1.56% |
| 7 |  巴林
|
1.69% | 1.81% | 1.81% | 1.66% |
| 8 |  吉里巴斯
|
1.78% | 1.78% | 1.78% | 1.88% |
| 9 |  阿聯
|
1.97% | 2.10% | 2.07% | 4.09% |
| 10 |  瑞典
|
2.12% | 2.26% | 2.15% | 2.00% |
| 11 |  挪威
|
2.19% | 2.35% | 2.31% | 2.28% |
| 12 |  芬蘭
|
2.21% | 2.28% | 2.24% | 2.06% |
| 13 |  新加坡
|
2.27% | 2.49% | 2.54% | 2.85% |
| 14 |  埃及
|
2.29% | 2.34% | 2.33% | 2.38% |
| 15 |  以色列/ 巴勒斯坦
|
2.30% | 2.49% | 2.43% | 2.60% |
| 16 |  愛沙尼亞
|
2.36% | 2.52% | 2.50% | 2.25% |
| 17 |  瑞士
|
2.37% | 2.61% | 2.59% | 2.55% |
| 18 |  盧森堡
|
2.43% | 2.68% | 2.65% | 2.70% |
| 19 |  塞席爾
|
2.55% | 2.58% | 2.60% | 2.68% |
| 20 |  法國
|
2.62% | 2.79% | 2.78% | 2.76% |
| 21 |  阿曼
|
2.64% | 2.74% | 2.72% | 2.80% |
| 22 |  賽普勒斯
|
2.68% | 2.77% | 2.81% | 3.46% |
| 23 |  丹麥
|
2.89% | 3.10% | 3.09% | 2.86% |
| 24 |  立陶宛
|
2.92% | 3.18% | 3.23% | 2.89% |
| 25 |  德國
|
2.95% | 3.24% | 3.27% | 2.96% |
| 26 |  烏克蘭
|
2.97% | 3.14% | 3.19% | 3.02% |
| 27 |  加拿大
|
3.01% | 3.18% | 3.18% | 2.57% |
| 28 |  西班牙
|
3.05% | 3.38% | 3.40% | 3.29% |
| 29 |  比利時
|
3.07% | 3.42% | 3.48% | 3.51% |
| 30 |  蒙古國
|
3.08% | 3.10% | 3.24% | 3.43% |
| 31 |  白俄羅斯
|
3.11% | 3.31% | 3.32% | 2.98% |
| 32 |  波蘭
|
3.20% | 3.46% | 3.53% | 3.42% |
| 33 |  科威特
|
3.28% | 3.70% | 3.71% | 3.71% |
| 34 |  拉脫維亞
|
3.31% | 3.48% | 3.51% | 3.09% |
| 35 |  捷克
|
3.37% | 3.61% | 3.67% | 4.15% |
| 36 |  斯洛伐克
|
3.39% | 3.63% | 3.69% | 3.38% |
| 37 |  奧地利
|
3.39% | 3.80% | 3.75% | 3.41% |
| 38 |  斯洛維尼亞
|
3.41% | 3.69% | 3.81% | 3.72% |
| 39 |  葡萄牙
|
3.45% | 3.80% | 3.82% | 3.62% |
| 40 |  巴拉圭
|
3.48% | 3.85% | 3.84% | 4.12% |
| 41 |  英國
|
3.54% | 3.71% | 3.65% | 3.61% |
| 42 |  哈薩克
|
3.56% | 3.84% | 3.87% | 4.04% |
| 43 |  阿根廷
|
3.56% | 3.76% | 3.80% | 3.77% |
| 44 |  俄羅斯
|
3.58% | 3.78% | 3.83% | 3.56% |
| 45 |  美國
|
3.76% | 3.99% | 3.99% | 3.72% |
| 46 |  利比亞
|
3.79% | 3.93% | 3.80% | 3.67% |
| 47 |  克羅埃西亞
|
3.97% | 4.24% | 4.35% | 3.71% |
| 48 |  烏拉圭
|
4.03% | 4.09% | 4.12% | 3.94% |
| 49 |  巴西
|
4.09% | 4.26% | 4.30% | 4.26% |
| 50 |  巴哈馬
|
4.14% | 3.99% | 4.17% | 4.52% |
| 51 |  澳洲
|
4.22% | 4.51% | 4.57% | 4.28% |
| 52 |  保加利亞
|
4.22% | 4.43% | 4.56% | 4.08% |
| 53 |  義大利
|
4.42% | 4.88% | 4.82% | 4.74% |
| 54 |  赤道幾內亞
|
4.46% | 4.49% | 4.47% | 6.72% |
| 55 |  伊拉克
|
4.49% | 4.83% | 4.95% | 5.77% |
| 56 |  紐西蘭
|
4.55% | 4.69% | 4.44% | 4.28% |
| 57 |  約旦
|
4.58% | 4.88% | 4.90% | 5.13% |
| 58 |  玻利維亞
|
4.58% | 5.08% | 5.13% | 5.16% |
| 59 |  南韓
|
4.59% | 4.94% | 4.89% | 4.14% |
| 60 |  愛爾蘭
|
4.60% | 4.69% | 4.50% | 4.15% |
| 61 |  伊朗
|
4.73% | 4.92% | 4.98% | 5.11% |
| 62 |  摩爾多瓦
|
4.79% | 5.05% | 5.23% | 4.78% |
| 63 |  黎巴嫩
|
5.01% | 5.05% | 5.10% | 5.01% |
| 64 |  尼泊爾
|
5.12% | 5.53% | 5.69% | 6.15% |
| 65 |  波札那
|
5.14% | 5.37% | 5.21% | 5.56% |
| 66 |  土耳其
|
5.20% | 5.52% | 5.68% | 5.38% |
| 67 |  匈牙利
|
5.32% | 5.69% | 5.87% | 5.49% |
| 68 |  納米比亞
|
5.37% | 5.68% | 5.72% | 6.63% |
| 69 |  突尼西亞
|
5.40% | 5.90% | 5.90% | 5.72% |
| 70 |  亞塞拜然
|
5.54% | 6.19% | 6.25% | 5.86% |
| 71 |  南非
|
5.58% | 5.80% | 5.90% | 5.71% |
| 72 |  寮國
|
5.59% | 5.71% | 5.73% | 5.80% |
| 73 |  敘利亞
|
5.69% | 5.67% | 5.68% | 6.19% |
| 74 |  北馬其頓
|
5.87% | 6.28% | 6.10% | 6.80% |
| 75 |  羅馬尼亞
|
5.92% | 6.61% | 6.78% | 6.43% |
| 76 |  委內瑞拉
|
5.93% | 6.16% | 6.13% | 6.11% |
| 77 |  墨西哥
|
5.97% | 6.39% | 6.39% | 6.53% |
| 78 |  葉門
|
5.97% | 6.03% | 5.98% | 6.83% |
| 79 |  加彭
|
6.04% | 5.93% | 6.20% | 6.30% |
| 80 |  亞美尼亞
|
6.07% | 6.91% | 7.05% | 6.36% |
| 81 |  波赫
|
6.10% | 6.42% | 6.63% | 6.25% |
| 82 |  古巴
|
6.13% | 6.51% | 6.55% | 5.99% |
| 83 |  泰國
|
6.19% | 6.34% | 6.44% | 6.86% |
| 84 |  喬治亞
|
6.27% | 6.83% | 6.75% | 6.97% |
| 85 |  厄利垂亞
|
6.35% | 6.35% | 6.44% | 7.22% |
| 86 |  馬來西亞
|
6.39% | 6.45% | 6.53% | 6.69% |
| 87 |  中國
|
6.39% | 6.97% | 7.04% | 6.90% |
| 88 |  土庫曼
|
6.44% | 6.57% | 6.64% | 7.18% |
| 89 |  哥倫比亞
|
6.45% | 6.90% | 6.89% | 6.86% |
| 90 |  摩洛哥
|
6.45% | 7.13% | 7.21% | 7.17% |
| 91 |  安哥拉
|
6.52% | 6.45% | 6.56% | 8.02% |
| 92 |  烏干達
|
6.52% | 6.69% | 6.75% | 7.57% |
| 93 |  貝里斯
|
6.55% | 6.62% | 6.63% | 5.93% |
| 94 |  秘魯
|
6.59% | 7.02% | 6.96% | 7.82% |
| 95 |  印度
|
6.64% | 7.17% | 7.28% | 7.68% |
| 96 |  希臘
|
6.70% | 7.38% | 7.81% | 8.27% |
| 97 |  塔吉克
|
6.72% | 7.35% | 7.40% | 7.47% |
| 98 |  肯亞
|
6.77% | 7.08% | 7.18% | 7.24% |
| 99 |  賴索托
|
6.84% | 7.09% | 7.22% | 7.86% |
| 100 |  巴基斯坦
|
6.96% | 7.21% | 7.25% | 7.84% |
| 101 |  中非
|
7.03% | 6.57% | 6.55% | 6.95% |
| 102 |  衣索比亞
|
7.04% | 7.36% | 7.35% | 7.09% |
| 103 |  盧安達
|
7.09% | 7.43% | 7.60% | 8.68% |
| 104 |  塞爾維亞
|
7.12% | 7.53% | 7.67% | 5.44% |
| 105 |  剛果共和國
|
7.19% | 7.57% | 7.38% | 7.71% |
| 106 |  尚比亞
|
7.25% | 7.46% | 7.44% | 8.41% |
| 107 |  巴拿馬
|
7.26% | 7.49% | 7.69% | 7.70% |
| 108 |  葛摩
|
7.29% | 7.52% | 7.45% | 6.93% |
| 109 |  斯里蘭卡
|
7.32% | 7.67% | 7.79% | 7.84% |
| 110 |  阿爾及利亞
|
7.36% | 8.13% | 8.15% | 8.06% |
| 111 |  千里達及托巴哥
|
7.50% | 7.65% | 7.68% | 6.70% |
| 112 |  不丹
|
7.51% | 7.98% | 8.17% | 13.65% |
| 113 |  史瓦帝尼
|
7.52% | 7.65% | 7.84% | 7.37% |
| 114 |  厄瓜多
|
7.53% | 7.77% | 7.94% | 8.69% |
| 115 |  坦尚尼亞
|
7.65% | 7.99% | 8.11% | 8.64% |
| 116 |  賴比瑞亞
|
7.84% | 7.71% | 7.86% | 9.20% |
| 117 |  吉爾吉斯
|
7.86% | 8.43% | 8.50% | 8.48% |
| 118 |  茅利塔尼亞
|
7.95% | 8.26% | 8.43% | 9.70% |
| 119 |  馬拉威
|
7.98% | 8.02% | 8.18% | 8.99% |
| 120 |  奈及利亞
|
7.98% | 8.32% | 8.28% | 9.03% |
| 121 |  蘇丹
|
7.99% | 7.87% | 7.88% | 9.25% |
| 122 |  幾內亞
|
8.20% | 8.32% | 8.55% | 9.49% |
| 123 |  荷蘭
|
8.24% | 8.76% | 8.49% | 7.71% |
| 124 |  馬利
|
8.39% | 8.65% | 8.76% | 11.51% |
| 125 |  迦納
|
8.39% | 8.81% | 8.85% | 9.35% |
| 126 |  蘇利南
|
8.44% | 8.55% | 8.62% | 9.25% |
| 127 |  烏茲別克
|
8.59% | 8.66% | 8.71% | 9.37% |
| 128 |  莫三比克
|
8.69% | 8.89% | 9.09% | 9.98% |
| 129 |  象牙海岸
|
8.88% | 8.86% | 9.00% | 9.03% |
| 130 |  緬甸
|
8.90% | 9.10% | 9.15% | 8.54% |
| 131 |  阿富汗
|
9.50% | 9.93% | 9.79% | 14.06% |
| 132 |  阿爾巴尼亞
|
9.50% | 10.01% | 9.96% | 9.98% |
| 133 |  布吉納法索
|
9.54% | 9.72% | 9.74% | 11.58% |
| 134 |  辛巴威
|
10.06% | 9.96% | 9.87% | 9.63% |
| 135 |  獅子山
|
10.21% | 10.37% | 10.58% | 11.25% |
| 136 |  印度尼西亞
|
10.24% | 10.54% | 10.74% | 11.69% |
| 137 |  蒲隆地
|
10.28% | 10.46% | 10.49% | 11.56% |
| 138 |  吉布地
|
10.30% | 9.84% | 9.96% | 7.05% |
| 139 |  多哥
|
10.36% | 10.34% | 10.64% | 10.40% |
| 140 |  塞內加爾
|
10.38% | 10.99% | 11.08% | 11.76% |
| 141 |  維德角
|
10.39% | 10.80% | 10.88% | 9.47% |
| 142 |  宏都拉斯
|
10.68% | 10.91% | 11.02% | 12.10% |
| 143 |  查德
|
10.85% | 11.06% | 11.13% | 12.25% |
| 144 |  喀麥隆
|
10.91% | 11.09% | 10.96% | 14.46% |
| 145 |  多明尼加
|
10.96% | 11.28% | 11.63% | 12.00% |
| 146 |  馬達加斯加
|
11.15% | 11.23% | 11.50% | 10.27% |
| 147 |  尼日
|
11.24% | 11.62% | 11.93% | 14.03% |
| 148 |  蓋亞那
|
11.39% | 11.65% | 11.77% | 9.02% |
| 149 |  貝南
|
11.39% | 11.32% | 11.42% | 10.90% |
| 150 |  智利
|
11.65% | 12.28% | 12.26% | 11.97% |
| 151 |  海地
|
11.68% | 11.88% | 11.96% | 11.45% |
| 152 |  牙買加
|
11.83% | 12.15% | 12.15% | 12.89% |
| 153 |  甘比亞
|
12.07% | 11.71% | 11.84% | 13.90% |
| 154 |  越南
|
12.53% | 12.81% | 12.88% | 11.21% |
| 155 |  日本
|
12.99% | 13.56% | 13.69% | 13.57% |
| 156 |  斐濟
|
13.15% | 14.10% | 13.53% | 11.13% |
| 157 |  幾內亞比索
|
13.56% | 13.09% | 13.34% | 13.12% |
| 158 |  尼加拉瓜
|
14.62% | 15.18% | 15.39% | 11.91% |
| 159 |  模里西斯
|
15.53% | 14.89% | 15.36% | 15.74% |
| 160 |  東帝汶
|
15.69% | 16.37% | 17.13% | 17.45% |
| 161 |  薩爾瓦多
|
16.05% | 16.85% | 16.89% | 16.49% |
| 162 |  巴布亞紐幾內亞
|
16.43% | 15.90% | 15.81% | 15.45% |
| 163 |  柬埔寨
|
16.58% | 16.90% | 17.17% | 16.58% |
| 164 |  哥斯大黎加
|
17.00% | 16.94% | 17.38% | 16.74% |
| 165 |  汶萊
|
17.00% | 15.58% | 15.92% | 14.08% |
| 166 |  索羅門群島
|
19.14% | 18.11% | 18.15% | 23.51% |
| 167 |  孟加拉
|
19.17% | 19.81% | 20.22% | 17.45% |
| 168 |  瓜地馬拉
|
19.88% | 20.88% | 20.75% | 20.88% |
| 169 |  菲律賓
|
26.70% | 27.52% | 27.98% | 24.32% |
| 170 |  東加
|
29.33% | 28.23% | 28.62% | 29.08% |
| 171 |  萬那杜
|
36.28% | 36.43% | 36.31% | 32.00% |
| 172 |  聖多美普林西比
|
— | 3.35% | 3.40% | 3.73% |
| 173 |  薩摩亞
|
— | 4.51% | 4.51% | 7.88% |
參考來源
- ^ 2013 World Risk Report (PDF). [2016-08-05]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2016-03-19）.
- ^ 环境恶化增加全球自然灾害风险. 鳳凰網資訊. 2012-10-12 [2018-08-23]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-23） （中文（簡體））.
- ^ 全球自然灾害风险排行出炉：中国还算比较安全的地方. 網易新聞. 2016-05-04 [2018-08-23]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-23） （中文（簡體））.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 2016 World Risk Index. unu.edu. [25 December 2016]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-10）.
- ^ 《世界风险报告》：生态系统能够降低自然灾害风险. 鳳凰網資訊. 2012-10-25 [2018-08-23]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-23） （中文（簡體））.
- ^ 2016 World Risk Index (PDF). （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-01-27）.
- ^ 2013 World Risk Index (PDF). [2016-08-05]. （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2014-08-16）.
- ^ 2012 World Risk Index (PDF). [2018-08-19]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-09-16）.
- ^ 2011 World Risk Index (PDF). [2018-08-19]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-09-17）.