民族联盟 (意大利)

民族联盟
Alleanza Nazionale
民族联盟; Alleanza Nazionale
	民族联盟标志
简称	AN
领袖	詹弗兰科·菲尼（意大利语：詹弗蘭科·菲尼） (首任); 伊尼亚齐奥·拉鲁萨 (末任);
成立	1994年1月22日 (作为组织); 1995年1月27日 (作为政党);
解散	2009年3月22日
前身	意大利社会运动
并入	自由人民党
继承者	意大利兄弟党
党报	《意大利世纪报（英语：Secolo d'Italia）》
青年组织	青年行动（英语：Youth Action (Italy)）
学生组织	学生行动（英语：Student Action (Italy)）
党员; （2004年）	250,000
意识形态	民族保守主义; 保守主义; 后法西斯主义（英语：Post-fascism）;
政治立场	右翼至极右翼
国内组织	善政之极（英语：Pole of Good Government） (1994年); 自由之极（英语：Pole for Freedoms） (1996年–2001年); 自由之家（英语：House of Freedoms） (2001年–2008年);
欧洲组织	欧洲民族联盟（英语：Alliance for Europe of the Nations）
欧洲议会党团	欧洲民族联合会（英语：Union for Europe of the Nations）
	意大利政治; 政党 · 选举

民族联盟^[7]（意大利语：Alleanza Nazionale）是意大利的一个已不存在的政党。

民族联盟的前身为新法西斯主义政党意大利社会运动。1995年，该党的领导人詹弗兰科·菲尼（意大利语：Gianfranco Fini）将该党党名变更，并使政党的政策稳健化，试图从极右翼政党向右翼政党过渡。这一政策使得其在意大利民众中的支持率上升。

法西斯意大利领袖贝尼托·墨索里尼的孙女亚历山德拉·墨索里尼曾加入过该党。2003年，詹弗兰科·菲尼（意大利语：Gianfranco Fini）以意大利副总理的身份访问以色列，对墨索里尼政权歧视并屠杀犹太人表示道歉，将法西斯主义形容为“绝对的罪恶”。亚历山德拉对此无法认同，因而退党。

2009年3月22日，民族联盟和意大利力量党等其它右翼政党合并为自由人民党。

注释

^ 由前民族联盟成员创立。

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ruzza, Carlo; Fella, Stefano, Re-Inventing the Italian Right: Territorial Politics, Populism and 'Post-Fascism', Routledge: 1, 2009, ISBN 9780415344616
^ Archived copy. [10 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于10 November 2013）.
^ Tarchi, Marco, Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord, Europe for the Europeans (Ashgate), 2007: 188
^ Mareš, Miroslav, Transnational Networks of Extreme Right Parties in East Central Europe: Stimuli and Limits of Cross-Border Cooperation (PDF): 4, 2006, （原始内容 (PDF)存档于18 August 2011）
^ Catellani, Patrizia; Milesi, Patrizia; Crescentini, Alberto. One Root, Different Branches: Identity, Injustice and Schisms. Extreme Right Activists in Europe: Through the Magnifying Glass. Routledge. 2006: 18. ISBN 9780415358279. Yet this is not to say that the fascist heritage in the new 'post-fascist' AN faded altogether. At least at the beginning, Fini had a double standard of communication, one for inside the party, stressing continuity with fascism, one for outside the party, stressing change.
^
- Davies, Peter; Lynch, Derek. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2005-08-16. ISBN 978-1-134-60952-9 （英语）.
- Gingrich, Andre; Banks, Marcus. Neo-nationalism in Europe and Beyond: Perspectives from Social Anthropology. Berghahn Books. 2006-08-01. ISBN 978-1-78238-611-7 （英语）.
- Noble, Carolyn; Ottmann, Goetz. The Challenge of Right-wing Nationalist Populism for Social Work: A Human Rights Approach. Routledge. 2020-07-14. ISBN 978-0-429-50941-4 （英语）.
- Farro, Antimo Luigi; Maddanu, Simone. Restless Cities on the Edge: Collective Actions, Immigration and Populism. Springer Nature. 2022-01-03. ISBN 978-3-030-91323-6 （英语）.
- Mulcahy, Suzanne. Europe's Migrant Policies: Illusions of Integration. Springer. 2011-10-18. ISBN 978-0-230-35330-5 （英语）.
^ 国家概况_中华人民共和国外交部. www.mfa.gov.cn. [2024-11-24].

[2] 由前民族联盟成员创立。

[RuzzaFella1-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Ruzza, Carlo; Fella, Stefano, Re-Inventing the Italian Right: Territorial Politics, Populism and 'Post-Fascism', Routledge: 1, 2009, ISBN 9780415344616

[3] Archived copy. [10 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于10 November 2013）.

[4] Tarchi, Marco, Recalcitrant Allies: The Conflicting Foreign Policy Agenda of the Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord, Europe for the Europeans (Ashgate), 2007: 188

[5] Mareš, Miroslav, Transnational Networks of Extreme Right Parties in East Central Europe: Stimuli and Limits of Cross-Border Cooperation (PDF): 4, 2006, （原始内容 (PDF)存档于18 August 2011）

[6] Catellani, Patrizia; Milesi, Patrizia; Crescentini, Alberto. One Root, Different Branches: Identity, Injustice and Schisms. Extreme Right Activists in Europe: Through the Magnifying Glass. Routledge. 2006: 18. ISBN 9780415358279. Yet this is not to say that the fascist heritage in the new 'post-fascist' AN faded altogether. At least at the beginning, Fini had a double standard of communication, one for inside the party, stressing continuity with fascism, one for outside the party, stressing change.

[7] 
Davies, Peter; Lynch, Derek. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2005-08-16. ISBN 978-1-134-60952-9 （英语）.
Gingrich, Andre; Banks, Marcus. Neo-nationalism in Europe and Beyond: Perspectives from Social Anthropology. Berghahn Books. 2006-08-01. ISBN 978-1-78238-611-7 （英语）.
Noble, Carolyn; Ottmann, Goetz. The Challenge of Right-wing Nationalist Populism for Social Work: A Human Rights Approach. Routledge. 2020-07-14. ISBN 978-0-429-50941-4 （英语）.
Farro, Antimo Luigi; Maddanu, Simone. Restless Cities on the Edge: Collective Actions, Immigration and Populism. Springer Nature. 2022-01-03. ISBN 978-3-030-91323-6 （英语）.
Mulcahy, Suzanne. Europe's Migrant Policies: Illusions of Integration. Springer. 2011-10-18. ISBN 978-0-230-35330-5 （英语）.

[8] Davies, Peter; Lynch, Derek. The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2005-08-16. ISBN 978-1-134-60952-9 （英语）.

[9] Gingrich, Andre; Banks, Marcus. Neo-nationalism in Europe and Beyond: Perspectives from Social Anthropology. Berghahn Books. 2006-08-01. ISBN 978-1-78238-611-7 （英语）.

[10] Noble, Carolyn; Ottmann, Goetz. The Challenge of Right-wing Nationalist Populism for Social Work: A Human Rights Approach. Routledge. 2020-07-14. ISBN 978-0-429-50941-4 （英语）.

[11] Farro, Antimo Luigi; Maddanu, Simone. Restless Cities on the Edge: Collective Actions, Immigration and Populism. Springer Nature. 2022-01-03. ISBN 978-3-030-91323-6 （英语）.

[12] Mulcahy, Suzanne. Europe's Migrant Policies: Illusions of Integration. Springer. 2011-10-18. ISBN 978-0-230-35330-5 （英语）.

[8] 国家概况_中华人民共和国外交部. www.mfa.gov.cn. [2024-11-24].

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