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雞尾酒排序

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維基百科，自由的百科全書
雞尾酒排序
使用雞尾酒排序為一列數字進行排序的過程
概況
類別排序演算法
資料結構陣列
複雜度
平均時間複雜度
最壞時間複雜度
最佳時間複雜度
最佳解No
相關變數的定義

雞尾酒排序（英語：Cocktail shaker sort），亦為定向泡沫排序，雞尾酒攪拌排序，攪拌排序（也可以視作選擇排序的一種變形），漣漪排序，來回排序或快樂小時排序，是泡沫排序的一種變形。此演算法與泡沫排序的不同處在於排序時是以雙向在序列中進行排序。

偽代碼

將一個序列由小到大進行排序： 

function cocktail_sort(list, list_length){ // the first element of list has index 0
    bottom = 0;
    top = list_length - 1;
    swapped = true; 
    while(swapped == true) // if no elements have been swapped, then the list is sorted
    {
        swapped = false; 
        for(i = bottom; i < top; i = i + 1)
        {
            if(list[i] > list[i + 1])  // test whether the two elements are in the correct order
            {
                swap(list[i], list[i + 1]); // let the two elements change places
                swapped = true;
            }
        }
        // decreases top the because the element with the largest value in the unsorted
        // part of the list is now on the position top 
        top = top - 1; 
        for(i = top; i > bottom; i = i - 1)
        {
            if(list[i] < list[i - 1]) 
            {
                swap(list[i], list[i - 1]);
                swapped = true;
            }
        }
        // increases bottom because the element with the smallest value in the unsorted 
        // part of the list is now on the position bottom 
        bottom = bottom + 1;  
    }
}

與泡沫排序不同的地方

雞尾酒排序等於是泡沫排序的輕微變形。不同的地方在於從低到高然後從高到低，而泡沫排序則僅從低到高去比較序列裏的每個元素。他可以得到比泡沫排序稍微好一點的效能，原因是泡沫排序只從一個方向進行比對（由低到高），每次循環只移動一個項目。

以序列（2,3,4,5,1）為例，雞尾酒排序只需要訪問一次序列就可以完成排序，但如果使用泡沫排序則需要四次。但是在亂數序列的狀態下，雞尾酒排序與泡沫排序的效率與其他眾多排序演算法相比均比較低。

實作範例

C語言

void cocktail_sort(int arr[], int len) {
	int i, left = 0, right = len - 1;
	int temp;
	while (left < right) {
		for (i = left; i < right; i++)
			if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) {
				temp = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[i + 1];
				arr[i + 1] = temp;
			}
		right--;
		for (i = right; i > left; i--)
			if (arr[i - 1] > arr[i]) {
				temp = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[i - 1];
				arr[i - 1] = temp;
			}
		left++;
	}
}

C++

template<typename T> //整數或浮點數皆可使用,若要使用物件(class)時必須設定大於(>)的運算子功能
void cocktail_sort(T arr[], int len) {
	int j, left = 0, right = len - 1;
	while (left < right) {
		for (j = left; j < right; j++)
			if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1])
				swap(arr[j], arr[j + 1]);
		right--;
		for (j = right; j > left; j--)
			if (arr[j - 1] > arr[j])
				swap(arr[j - 1], arr[j]);
		left++;
	}
}

Rust

fn cocktail_sort<T: PartialOrd>(arr: &mut [T]) {
    let mut bottom: usize = 0;
    let mut top = arr.len() - 1;
    let mut swapped = true;

    while swapped {
        swapped = false;
        for i in bottom..top {
            if arr[i] > arr[i+1] {
                arr.swap(i, i+1);
                swapped = true;
            }
        }

        top -= 1;
        for j in ((bottom + 1)..=top).rev() {
            if arr[j] < arr[j - 1] {
                arr.swap(j, j - 1);
                swapped = true;
            }
        }
        bottom += 1;
    }
}

JAVA

public static void cocktail_sort(int[] arr) {	
	int i, left = 0, right = arr.length - 1;
	int temp;
	while (left < right) {
		for (i = left; i < right; i++)
			if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) {
				temp = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[i + 1];
				arr[i + 1] = temp;
			}
		right--;
		for (i = right; i > left; i--)
			if (arr[i - 1] > arr[i]) {
				temp = arr[i];
				arr[i] = arr[i - 1];
				arr[i - 1] = temp;
			}
		left++;
	}
}

JavaScript

Array.prototype.cocktail_sort = function() {
	var i, left = 0, right = this.length - 1;
	var temp;
	while (left < right) {
		for (i = left; i < right; i++)
			if (this[i] > this[i + 1]) {
				temp = this[i];
				this[i] = this[i + 1];
				this[i + 1] = temp;
			}
		right--;
		for (i = right; i > left; i--)
			if (this[i - 1] > this[i]) {
				temp = this[i];
				this[i] = this[i - 1];
				this[i - 1] = temp;
			}
		left++;
	}
};

PHP

function swap(&$x, &$y) {
	$t = $x;
	$x = $y;
	$y = $t;
}
function cocktail_sort(&$arr) {//php的陣列視為基本型別，所以必須用傳參才能修改原陣列
	$left = 0;
	$right = count($arr) - 1;
	while ($left < $right) {
		for ($j = $left; $j < $right; $j++)
			if ($arr[$j] > $arr[$j + 1])
				swap($arr[$j], $arr[$j + 1]);
		$right--;
		for ($j = $right; $j > $left; $j--)
			if ($arr[$j - 1] > $arr[$j])
				swap($arr[$j - 1], $arr[$j]);
		$left++;
	}
}

Python 2.7

def cocktail_sort(l):
    l_len = len(l)
    for i in range(l_len, 0, -1):
        rem_i_l_len = abs(i - l_len)
        isNeedContinue = False
        obverse_count = len(l[rem_i_l_len : i-1])
        reverse_count = len(l[rem_i_l_len + 1 : i-1])
        
        for j in range(obverse_count):
            if l[j] > l[j + 1]:
                l[j], l[j + 1] = l[j + 1], l[j]
                isNeedContinue = True
        # you can print this to observe the whole process
        # print l
        
        for j in range(reverse_count, 0, -1):
            if l[j] < l[j - 1]:
                l[j], l[j - 1] = l[j - 1], l[j]
                isNeedContinue = True
        # you can print this to observe the whole process
        # print l
        
        if isNeedContinue:
            continue
        else:
            return
  
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    sample_list = [6,5,4,3,2,100]
    cocktail_sort(sample_list)
    print(sample_list)

Python 3.10

def cocktail_sort(arr: list, bottom: int = None, top: int = None):
    if not bottom and not top:
        bottom, top = 0, len(arr) - 1

    if bottom == top or bottom > top:
        return

    swapped: bool = False
    for i in range(bottom, top):
        if arr[i] > arr[i + 1]:
            arr[i + 1], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[i + 1]
            swapped = True

    for i in range(top - 1, bottom, -1):
        if arr[i] < arr[i - 1]:
            arr[i - 1], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[i - 1]
            swapped = True

    if not swapped:
        return

    cocktail_sort(arr, bottom + 1, top - 1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sample_list = [3, 7, 5, 1, 6, 4, 8, 2]
    cocktail_sort(sample_list)
    print(sample_list)

Golang

func cocktailSort(arr []int) {
	left := 0
	right := len(arr) - 1

	for left < right {
		for i := left; i < right; i++ {
			if arr[i] > arr[i+1] {
				arr[i], arr[i+1] = arr[i+1], arr[i]
			}
		}
		right--

		for i := right; i > left; i-- {
			if arr[i-1] > arr[i] {
				arr[i-1], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[i-1]
			}
		}
		left++
	}
}


Julia (程式語言)

# Julia Sample : CocktailSort

function CocktailSort(A)
	isordered, lo, hi  = false, 1, length(A)
 
	while !isordered && hi > lo
		isordered = true
		
		for i=lo+1:hi
			if A[i] < A[i-1]
				A[i-1], A[i] = A[i], A[i-1]
				isordered = false
			end
		end
		
		hi -= 1
		
		if isordered || hi ≤ lo 
			break 
		end

		for i in hi:-1:lo+1
			if A[i-1] > A[i]
				A[i-1], A[i] = A[i], A[i-1]
				isordered = false
			end
		end
		lo += 1
	end
	return A
end

# Main Code
A = [16,586,1,31,354,43,3]
println(A)                      # Original Array
println(CocktailSort(A)) 		# Cocktail Sort Array

複雜度

雞尾酒排序最糟或是平均所花費的次數都是，但如果序列在一開始已經大部分排序過的話，會接近。

外部連結

取自 "https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=鸡尾酒排序&oldid=80414912"